ANTARES: The first undersea neutrino telescope

The ANTARES Neutrino Telescope was completed in May 2008 and is the first operational Neutrino Telescope in the Mediterranean Sea. The main purpose of the detector is to perform neutrino astronomy and the apparatus also offers facilities for marine and Earth sciences. This paper describes the design, the construction and the installation of the telescope in the deep sea, offshore from Toulon in France. An illustration of the detector performance is given.     

Acceleration generation due to strain localization of saturated clay specimen based on dynamic soil–water coupled finite deformation analysis

In the conventional bifurcation and strain localization analyses of geomaterials, the inertia forces are generally ignored, based on the quasi-static equilibrium equation. Even though a great deal of literature exists on dynamic strain localization analyses, information on acceleration generation during the formation of shear bands has not been emphasized. Inspired by the acoustic emission phenomenon in laboratory tests and the seismic acceleration related to the slippage of faults, a dynamic soil–water coupled strain localization analysis is performed in the present paper on a saturated rectangular clay specimen subjected to constant cell pressure under plane strain conditions, employing the SYS Cam–clay model as the elasto-plastic constitutive model for the soil skeleton. An initial geometrical imperfection was introduced to the specimen to trigger one single shear band, and the following results were found: (1) Two types of oscillation occurred within the specimen during acceleration when the specimen was subjected to compression deformation at a constant rate, namely, (a) one caused by the sudden external compression and (b) the second induced by the formation of strain localization/a shear band. With the occurrence of the shear band, if, for example, the vertical rate was equivalent to about 10 cm/s, the accelerations that occurred within the specimen were in the order of several thousand gal, which is similar to those measured during earthquakes; (2) The effects of the time increment, the mesh division, the initial confining pressure, the OCR and the stress-control loading on the generated acceleration in (b) were investigated in detail. It was found that under stress control, even though the formation of the shear band was similar to that under displacement control, the induced acceleration behaved quite differently.     

Failure of a soft cohesive soil subjected to combined static and cyclic loading

This paper describes the type of failure that a soft cohesive soil can exhibit when acted upon by combined static and cyclic loading. The conclusions are based on the results of a comprehensive experimental research in which, in addition to identification and classification testing, 15 monotonic simple shear tests and 138 cyclic simple shear tests were carried out in which, prior to the cyclic shear stresses, different levels of monotonic shear stresses were applied. Laboratory tests were performed on undisturbed samples taken from the southern area of the port of Barcelona, Spain. In general, the results thus obtained indicate that the undrained shear strength for a given number of cycles is clearly affected by the initial shear stress, as it is explained in this paper.     

昆明平流层-对流层雷达系统及初步探测结果

基于昆明站(25.6°N,103.8°E)ST雷达近一年的风场观测结果给出了5～22.1km高度范围内风场的季节变化特征及利用镜面反射方法和雷达回波功率数据估测了对流层顶的高度.结果显示:17 km是平均风特征发生变化的高度,即17 km以下夏季为西向风和南向风,其他季节为东向风和北向风,而17 km以上纬向风几乎全年盛行东向风,经向风变化则更为复杂,且二者与HWM07模式结果的变化特征不完全一致.估测得到的昆明上空对流层顶高度范围是14～17.6 km,由此推测对流层中强烈的对流活动很可能是形成平均风场该特征的主要原因.     

一株深海来源苏云金芽孢杆菌SWJS07所产蛋白酶的分离纯化及性质研究

利用超滤、硫酸铵盐析、DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换柱层析、Sephadex G-75分子筛柱层析对一株南海深海来源菌苏云金芽孢杆菌(B.thuringiensis)SWJS07所产蛋白酶进行分离纯化,纯化后经SDS-PAGE鉴定达到电泳纯,相对分子质量为37.0 k Da,酶的比活力提高了6.39倍,回收率为37.14%。研究其酶学性质表明,该蛋白酶最适催化温度为55℃,在30℃~45℃下稳定性较高,保温300 min残留酶活在80%以上;最适p H 6.5,在p H 6.0~9.0蛋白酶稳定,4℃放置24 h残留酶活在80%以上;2 m M Ca2+、Mn2+对蛋白酶有不同程度的激活作用,而Hg2+、Cd2+、Al3+则强烈地抑制蛋白酶活;当在蛋白酶中添加2 m M Ca2+、Mn2+时,其最适催化温度分别为60℃和55℃,蛋白酶活分别提高了32.86%和28.35%,60℃保温30 min相对酶活基本保持不变,与纯酶(相对酶活残留21.02%)相比蛋白酶的热稳定性显著提高;EDTA-Na2可强烈抑制蛋白酶活,推测该蛋白酶属于金属蛋白酶。     

The Pb-Bi cooled XADS status of development

In 1998, the research ministers of France, Italy and Spain have decided to set up a group of advisors for the definition of a common R&D European platform on accelerator driven systems (ADS). The advisors in turn, have established a Technical Working Group (TWG), chaired by Professor Carlo Rubbia, and now extended to the most part of the European Union member countries, in order to identify the critical technical issues for which R&D is needed. The recommendations of the TWG, included in the recently issued document `A European roadmap for developing ADS for nuclear waste incineration' [April 2001] clearly indicate the need to design and operate, approximately in 12-15 years, an XADS at a sufficiently large scale to assess the feasibility of an industrial ADS for transmutation of nuclear waste. The European Community, through the 5th Framework Program, has launched a large program on partitioning and transmutation. This program which includes R&D and preliminary design will constitute a reference for the choice of the technical solutions to be pursued forward during the 6th Framework Program. In Italy, since early 1998, the ENEA (National Research Organization for Innovative Energy), INFN (National Institute for Nuclear Physics), CRS4 (Research Institute) and Ansaldo have set up a team, led by Ansaldo, to design an 80 MWth XADS. The results obtained so far allow a consistent XADS configuration to be outlined. The main issues investigated and the associated solutions adopted are concisely described in the paper.     

热变形对含铌奥氏体不锈钢07Cr18Ni11Nb再结晶行为的影响

采用热模拟压缩及中试热轧的试验方法,研究了热变形对含铌奥氏体不锈钢07Cr18Ni11Nb再结晶行为的影响。结果表明:热压缩变形时,试验钢再结晶程度随变形温度、变形量的升高以及变形后保温时间的延长逐渐增大;变形温度越高、变形量越大,发生再结晶所需的保温时间越短;保温时间越长,再结晶晶粒长大越明显;轧制变形时,热轧板1/4厚度处更容易发生再结晶,随着轧制温度和变形量的升高,1050 ℃轧制变形25%时可在全厚度获得完全再结晶组织。     

某锑矿综合回收白钨矿浮选试验研究

为了综合回收某锑矿脉内或近矿围岩中的白钨矿资源, 采用碳酸钠、水玻璃为调整抑制剂, 新型捕收剂E07为捕收剂, 采用常温浮选法, 在不改变锑浮选工艺的前提下选别白钨矿。通过小型闭路试验, 在获得锑精矿的基础上, 综合回收的白钨矿精矿WO₃品位70.08%, 回收率达到86.25%。     

高糖高产甘蔗新品种粤糖07-817的选育研究

粤糖07-817是广东省生物工程研究所(广州甘蔗糖业研究所)以粤农73-204作母本,ROC22作父本进行有性杂交,经多年选育而成的甘蔗新品种,2016年通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。多年多点试验研究表明,粤糖07-817出苗率高,分蘖力强,有效茎多,中大茎,蔗茎均匀,脱叶性好,抗倒伏;宿根发株率高,宿根性强;早熟、高产、高糖、综合性状好。2009~2014年品种选育试验和广东省区域试验6年新植5年宿根蔗茎产量达129340 kg/hm~2,含糖量达20103 kg/hm~2,分别比ROC16(CK1)增产36623 kg/hm~2和5971 kg/hm~2,比ROC22(CK2)增产10256 kg/hm~2和1854 kg/hm~2。     

甘蔗新品种粤糖07-516选育及特性特征

详细阐述了早熟、高产、高糖、抗病性好的甘蔗品种粤糖07-516的选育过程,并就其农艺性状、蔗茎产量、蔗糖分、抗性等性状表现进行了综合分析。以粤糖00-236为母本,桂糖96-211(桂糖26号)为父本配制杂交组合,历经8代农艺性状、糖分和产量相关性状的选择,育成了早熟、高产、高糖、抗逆性强的甘蔗新品种粤糖07-516。通过国家区试和生产试验,结果表明,粤糖07-516蔗茎产量达108203.06 kg/hm~2,含糖量达16898.59 kg/hm~2。该品种适合我国蔗区大面积推广应用。