储层敏感性机理及防治对策研究

王庄油田郑408块沙三段属于敏感性储层,现场采用冷采、蒸汽吞吐、注入CO2、HDCS等多种开采方式,效果均不理想。在对该区块储层特征、敏感性机理深入研究的基础上,得出黏土矿物含量相对较高,其中蒙脱石含量平均高达41%,致使储层具有强~极强水敏性,因此认为黏土矿物是影响储层渗透率、制约开发效果的主要因素。蒙脱石在富钙环境中会产生钙基蒙脱石,在富钠环境中会产生钠基蒙脱石。蒙脱石具有三层水结构:表层水、层间水和晶格水,失水由易到难,当温度达到300℃时,蒙脱石失去膨胀性能;长期在高温(800~1000℃)下,蒙脱石晶格破坏,产生相变,转化为莫来石和方石英。因此,实施注汽热采需把蒸汽温度提高到250~300℃,干度保持在70%。室内防膨静态和防膨流动实验表明,当SLAS-3防膨剂浓度为1.5%,黏土膨胀率为0,可以很好地起到抑制黏土膨胀的作用。该项成果的取得对指导王庄油田郑408块的开发具有重要的实用价值,同时也为同类油藏的开发提供了一定的借鉴。     

螺旋藻中藻蓝素的提取研究

从螺旋藻中提取藻胆蛋白,用甲醇解离其硫醚键得藻蓝素。其最佳解离条件是：温度为４０℃,解离时间为２４ｈ,Ｖ（甲醇）∶ｍ （藻胆蛋白） ＝２００∶１ 。提取率可达１－５％ ,产物的ＵＶ,ＩＲ和文献相符。藻蓝素发色团在酸性溶液中呈比较扩展型,而在中性溶液中呈比较闭合的结构。     

Full Scale Burn Tests of Television Sets and Electronic Appliances

Ten full-scale burn tests of television sets and electronic appliances were performed to: (1) demonstrate the ignition propensity and fire performance characteristics of materials used in the construction of television sets marketed in the United States and to compare these to the fire performance of television sets marketed in Europe; (2) document the damage to television sets when exposed to nearby burning materials; (3) evaluate and compare the damage to television sets when subjected to different size, duration and types of fires; (4) evaluate fire damage to television sets and electronic appliances when exposed to post flashover conditions; and (5) evaluate electrical damage caused to components of electronic appliances while they are powered and subjected to exposure fires.Ignitability tests showed that television sets constructed with cabinets made of V-0 rated plastics (for the U.S. market) will not ignite and propagate a flame under the test conditions. Television sets made of HB rated plastics (for the European market) will ignite and propagate a flame under the same test conditions and the television set will be consumed in the ensuing fire. The UL 94 tests do not provide rate of heat release data; however, calorimetry test data showed that the rate of heat release and the burning of the electronic appliances and television sets were in part dependent on the size of the exposure fire.Examination of the television sets and electronic appliances after the burn tests showed that the severity of damage and type of damage varied significantly. Electrical fault activity was noted to have occurred both exterior and interior to the powered television sets as well as other powered electronic appliances. In all cases, the fire source was external to the appliance.Post fire examination after the flashover fires showed that fire pattern analysis and burn damage are not necessarily indicative of the area of origin or cause and can be misleading to even experienced fire investigators.     

FPGA原理及其在石油勘探仪器中的应用

随着可编程逻辑器件的发展,FPGA的应用已经越来越广泛,且用可编程逻辑器件代替传统的普通集成电路已成为一种发展的趋势。可编程逻辑器件FPGA以其高集成度、高速度、开发周期短、稳定性好而受到了人们的青睐,并得到了广泛的应用。文章介绍了FPGA的原理及实现技术,并阐述了其在石油勘探仪器中的具体应用。     

408FDU原理概述及常见故障维修

本文对408FDU的工作原理及其功能进行了简要介绍,并对一些常见故障现象进行了分析,其中包括FDU中的电源故障、接口电路故障、滤波网络故障、野外测试故障,总结出了一套日常检测与维修FDU的实践经验。     

可控震源施工时408XL仪器带道容量研究

地震数据采集系统的带道能力,也就是最大采集接收道数,是一个反映地震仪器硬件性能的重要指标。本文分析了408XL仪器实时采集道数受限制的原因,提出了在可控震源施工中仪器最大接收道数的计算方法及根据施工设计中采集道数和仪器带道容量确定仪器硬件配置的方法,对可控震源施工中观测系统设计、排列连接、仪器设备硬件配置具有借鉴和指导意义。     

首个样点的处理方法对同步精度的影响

本文简单介绍了有线地震仪产生延迟的主要原因,详细分析了408UL仪器和其它仪器对延迟的校准及得出第一个样点的方法,最后得出处理方法不同会造成同步精度不同的结论.     

营养素及相关物质风险评估

营养素物质摄入超过某个上限值时,也能导致不良健康作用,其潜在危害可以通过风险评估描述.但一定量的营养素摄入又是机体正常功能所必需的,新的评估模型应充分考虑营养素物质的特殊性.目前,安全摄入上限(UL)法是国际上广泛接受的营养素物质风险评估方法.对于尚未发现不良作用的营养素物质,FAO/WHO提出了所观察到的最高摄入量(HOI)的概念.对于不存在无风险摄入量水平、风险摄入量水平与生物所需摄入量水平有重叠的营养素物质,亟待在UL法的基础上进一步研究其风险评估方法.本文就上述各类营养素物质的风险评估做一简要综述.     

Z408焊条药皮组分对焊接工艺性能的影响

研究了焊条药皮中添加石英、石墨、萤石、稀土镁、硅钙等对焊条电弧稳定性、渣的流动性、套筒长短、焊缝成形、飞溅大小、渣的覆盖性、脱渣性等焊接工艺性能的影响,结果表明,当上述成分添加量(质量分数)分别为8%,21%,12%,2%,10%时,其焊接工艺性能较好.     

408UL仪器与KZ-28震源配套助理软件的设计编程和应用

在实际生产中,经常需要408 UL仪器与KZ-28可控震源ADVⅢ箱体配合施工,但由于这两种设备不兼容,导致了408 UL仪器记录系统产生的单炮文件号与KZ-28震源ADVⅢ箱体系统产生的该炮记录相应的振动编号匹配不上,影响了对单炮记录激发因素指标的分析,不利于后期施工方案的设计。本文介绍的软件可以准确地把单炮记录的文件号、炮点桩号等数据与震源激发产生该记录相应的振动编号、坐标等数据对应起来,最后生成Ex-cel表。该软件具有操作简单、实用性强、结果准确、便于统计等特点,文中主要对该软件的设计思路和编程原理进行了介绍。