Failing the Informal City: How Rio de Janeiro's Mega Sporting Events Derailed the Legacy of Favela-Bairro

The eviction of thousands of inhabitants from informal settlements has been a regressive feature in the lead up to Rio 2016. Writer and curator Justin McGuirk describes why, on the eve of the Olympic Games, the government reverted to favela removals after the enlightened era of the Favela-Bairro in the 1990s, which saw informal communities upgraded and integrated into the formal city.     

瞿秋白对中国革命基本问题的初步探索——以五卅运动后一年间的理论研究为中心

瞿秋白在五卅运动后的一年间,坚持理论和实践相结合,对中国革命的性质和前途问题、如何认识和对待民族资产阶级的问题、农民问题、武装斗争问题以及中国革命的主力军及领导权问题,作了广泛而深刻的论述。他的这些研究和探索,促进和提高了我党对中国革命基本问题的认识。     

胡适对“五四运动”的态度分期

＂五四运动＂是一场由学生发起的轰轰烈烈的爱国运动,胡适作为此次运动的精神领袖之一,他对这场运动的评价显得很重要。本文试图对胡适五四态度前后的转变作一分期。他从起初的赞同到后来的激烈反对,反映出作为自由主义者的胡适并不反对学生对政治问题发生兴趣,而是反对学生无畏的牺牲和政治活动的性质,他更希望通过教育改革途径达到中国的文艺复兴。     

Advanced methods in computer-based movement analysis in education and clinical practice

The purpose of this article is to describe the rationale, development and implementation of two initiatives in which advanced methods in computer-based movement analysis have been the focus of clinical and educational activities. The advanced clinical movement analysis techniques were developed to support the broad demands of the rehabilitation medicine community as identified by an extensive gait analysis in rehabilitation medicine workshop report. These demands include flexible three-dimensional and six degree-of-freedom motion capture and biomechanical modeling capabilities, generalized data analysis techniques, a universal data file format that supports electronic data sharing, and a visualization and report environment storage scheme that facilitates the electronic retrieval and electronic sharing of extensive reports and model visualizations. Finally, this article illustrates how these advanced techniques were effectively merged with extensive theoretical concepts and practical examples to form a unique and highly effective educational offering on advanced methods in clinical movement analysis.     

炮孔中炮泥运动规律及合理炮泥长度研究

分析了炮孔装药爆破时炮泥的受力情况，建立了爆生气体压力作用下炮泥在炮孔中的运动方程，并根据炮泥压缩过程中的动量守恒和运动过程中的能量守恒原理，求算出炮泥运动的初始速度和最终脱离孔口时的飞出速度。文章还就合理炮泥长度的确定提出了意见。     

联合收割机清粮筛的运动仿真与优化

清粮筛筛面的运动状态是影响清粮性能的关键因素.为了优化清粮筛机构的工作参数(结构参数和运动参数),提高清粮性能,运用CAD/CAE运动学仿真软件对清粮筛进行了3D建模和运动仿真分析,考察了筛面加速度的变化规律.仿真结果表明:在相同的变动比例下,筛面的加速度对连杆长度的变化最为敏感;曲柄的转速对筛面的加速度也有重要的影响.因此选择连杆长度和曲柄转速作为关键参数,以振动最小和筛面加速度最大为优化的目标.经优化:该机构在谷物清选时, 清粮筛的其他结构参数不变,连杆LAB =0.46 m、曲柄转速n= 330 r/min为最佳.     

基于动力学模型的飞行员舒适操作域研究

依据中国成年男性的人体测量数据和拉格朗日方程建立飞行员上肢操作的动力学模型。利用NASA最大关节力矩计算公式和飞机座舱操纵杆的实际安装尺寸，对驾驶员的操作活动进行模拟仿真。针对具体的操作过程，通过计算上肢各关节的实际受力情况，确定上肢的三维舒适操作域，并与正向运动学结合经验关节舒适活动范围计算的方法进行了比较，结果说明该方法是可行的。该方法可以用于座舱操纵装置布局的工效分析，为飞行员驾驶工效的评估提供了一种新的思路和方法，对座舱布局优化设计有一定的参考价值。     

建筑爆破倒塌过程的摄影测量分析(Ⅰ)——运动过程分析

以某一爆破拆除工程为例,通过近景摄影测量系统(包括近景摄影和图像处理),对建筑爆破拆除倒塌过程进行了定量分析,获得建筑倒塌运动过程中位移、转角、平动速度、转动角速度等参数。摄影测量数据与建筑倒塌过程的各受力状态进行了对比分析,提出将建筑物的倒塌过程分为爆破切口形成阶段、自由落体阶段、冲击撞地阶段和转动坍落阶段。     

不同界面约束对爆炸作用下液体抛撒影响分析

采用高速摄影仪拍摄了不同界面约束条件液体抛撒的高速撮影图片,通过对这些图片的分析,得出了不同界面约束条件液体抛撒的最大速度、作用时间、半径、速度衰减系数以及液体抛撒的不对称性。依据不可压缩柱面流体界面运动、变化规律,在分析了爆炸作用下液体抛撒初期界面初始扰动运动、变化的基础上,探讨了不同界面约束对扰动放大因子及界面稳定的影响。根据液体二次破碎理论,分析了不同界面约束条件对液体二次破碎的影响;结合实验结果讨论了不同界面约束对液体抛撒的作用时间、半径以及速度衰减系数的影响。     

Affective, anxiety and behavioral effects of an aversive stimulation during a simulated navigation task within a virtual environment: A pilot study

This study investigated the impact of an aversive environmental stimulation on self-reported affective and anxiety states and movement behaviors during a simulated navigation task in a virtual environment (VE). In the experimental task, participants were asked to virtually navigate (within two consecutive sessions), from a starting point to a destination location, across a spatial configuration consisting in three successive corridors (A-C). In the first session, all corridors were non-aversive. In the second session, the corridor B contained an aversive stimulation (i.e., fire, smokescreen, and warning alarm). Fourteen participants were involved in the experiment. Self-reported anxiety and affective states were measured at the end of each session. However, movement indicators (i.e., execution, time, average speed, speed and trajectory variability) were recorded on-line during the experiment. Results showed a significant increased (i) level of self-reported negative affects and state-anxiety between the two sessions, and (ii) speed and trajectory variability between the two sessions, while the participants were in corridor B. In conclusion, these results support the experimental validity of virtual reality for the induction of negative affects and state-anxiety. The relationships between reported negative affects and state-anxiety and behavior are discussed.