Distributing test cases more evenly in adaptive random testing

Adaptive random testing (ART) has recently been proposed to enhance the failure-detection capability of random testing. In ART, test cases are not only randomly generated, but also evenly spread over the input domain. Various ART algorithms have been developed to evenly spread test cases in different ways. Previous studies have shown that some ART algorithms prefer to select test cases from the edge part of the input domain rather than from the centre part, that is, inputs do not have equal chance to be selected as test cases. Since we do not know where the failure-causing inputs are prior to testing, it is not desirable for inputs to have different chances of being selected as test cases. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate how to enhance some ART algorithms by offsetting the edge preference, and propose a new family of ART algorithms. A series of simulations have been conducted and it is shown that these new algorithms not only select test cases more evenly, but also have better failure detection capabilities.     

A manufacturing XML schema definition and its application to a data management system on the shop floor

Digitization for sharing knowledge on the shop floor in the machinery industry has been given much attention recently. To help engineers use digitization practically and efficiently, this paper proposes a method based on manufacturing case data that has a direct relation to manufacturing operations. The data are represented in XML schema, as it can be easily applied to Web-based systems on the shop floor. The definitions were made for eight manufacturing methods including machining and welding. The derived definitions consist of four divisions of metadata, work-piece, process and evaluation. Three divisions except for the “process” division are common to the manufacturing methods. The average number of elements for a manufacturing method is about 200. The represented schema is also used to convey knowledge such as operation standards and manufacturing troubleshooting on the shop floor. Using the definitions, a data management system is developed. It is a Web-based Q&A system, in which the engineers specify the manufacturing case data mainly by selecting from the candidates. Then, the system fills in the blank portions and/or shows messages to help complete the case data. The proposed method is evaluated through practical scenarios of arc welding and machining.     

基于切片技术获取系统测试用例的方法

针对如何获取局部和全部的系统测试用例,确保其正确性和完备性以及与需求的一致性问题,提出利用先进的建模技术,建立可模拟验证的过程模型,并应用切片技术获取测试用例,并利用基于过程模型结构分析的归纳法证明了该法的正确性,根据过程模型切片准则获取系统测试用例的算法,介绍了实现工具的构成和应用实例。     

基于可复用功能组件的测试用例生成方法

针对交互式软件的频繁交互、状态复杂等特点,基于功能测试和层次型结构,从需求规范中提取基于操作流程的功能组件,通过映射、重组测试脚本,导入测试数据,并自动生成测试用例。功能组件的构建具有层次型结构的特点,即一个功能组件可以包含一个或多个功能组件,更大程度地共享了测试脚本。     

基于偏好信息的案例检索算法

案例推理方法建立在“相似问题具有相似解”的基础上,能否从案例库中检索出与新问题“最相似”的案例是案例推理方法成功的关键因素之一。该文提出一种改进的检索方法,在原始最近相邻算法基础上,用专家对新问题案例与历史案例属性差异的效用评价替代原始的属性差异值来衡量专家对属性差异的敏感程度。引入变异系数来标度新问题案例与历史案例的属性差异的分布情况,从而保证检索出的最相似案例具有较高的属性差异的均衡性。通过具体案例检索实例分析,验证了该方法的有效性。     

Web应用程序建模和测试用例生成方法

根据基于组件的Web应用程序的特点,提出逻辑组件的概念。按功能将待测系统划分成逻辑组件,并在功能上将其对应到实际组件。利用有向图表示逻辑组件结构关系,自动机表示逻辑组件的行为关系,自动机的复合表示逻辑组件间的交互操作。根据复合的自动机,利用建立的操作映射表生成测试用例。分析了一个测试准则,并提出逻辑组件测试序列的覆盖度概念。     

嵌入式计算机的BIT设计与实现

依据嵌入式计算机组成特点,在可测试性设计中采用层次式测试硬件结构,通过分布式测试控制管理,实现从器件级、模块级到子系统级、系统级的逐级测试.在BIT测试中,以CPU测试为例解析了测试用例数据、用例过程、执行控制和判决的组织与实现. .     

基于UML可适应的教学考评系统分析与设计

该文给出了UML的概念与要点,应用UML对教学考评系统进行了建模。给出了系统的用例模型、整体结构模型、静态模型、动态模型,并分析了模型对教学考评变化的可适应性。     

城市轨道交通电力监控系统测试的研究及应用

针对电力监控系统具有实时性、可靠性、硬件依赖等特点,为了保证电力监控系统的可靠、安全和稳定性。提出了适用于该系统的测试方法。根据系统的特点制定了相应的测试策略,并进行了测试的总体设计和测试用例的设计。最后通过对测试环境的分析,开发了相应的模拟器。通过模拟器和测试用例实现了测试的自动化。根据测试的过程和结果表明,采用正确的测试设计方法能够有效的发现系统中存在的问题,保证系统的质量。     

面向对象建模技术的研究与应用

面向对象建模技术有利于从全局的角度对系统加以设计。该文在明确面向对象建模技术重要性的基础上,分析了面向对象建模的技术基础,并以社会保险管理系统为案例,探讨了面向对象建模技术的应用,涉及到对象及候选类的确定、用例图及类图的设计等。该文对相关系统的面向对象建模应用提供了一定的借鉴作用。