Surface characterization of 6H-SiC (0001) substrates in indentation and abrasive machining

Surface characterization of 6H-SiC (0001) substrates in indentation and abrasive machining was carried out to investigate microfracture, residual damage, and surface roughness associated with material removal and surface generation. Brittle versus plastic deformation was studied using Vickers indention and nano-indentation. To characterize the abrasive machining response, the 6H-SiC (0001) substrates were ground using diamond wheels with grit sizes of 25, 15 and 7 μm, and then polished with diamond suspensions of 3 and 0.05 μm. It is found that in indentation, there was a scale effect for brittle versus plastic deformation in 6H-SiC substrates. Also, in grinding, the scales of fracture and surface roughness of the substrates decreased with a decrease in diamond grit size. However, in polishing, a reduction in grit size of diamond suspensions gave no significant improvement in surface roughness. Furthermore, the results showed that fracture-free 6H-SiC (0001) surfaces were generated in polishing with the existence of the residual crystal defects, which were associated with the origin of defects in single crystal growth.     

辐照损伤对锆合金电化学性能的影响

综述了堆内辐照对锆合金电化学性能影响的概况，浅析了堆内辐照损伤的机理，并重点探讨了主要的堆内辐照源——中子辐照对锆合金微观结构与氧化性能的影响。进一步阐述了堆外离子轰击模拟堆内中子辐照研究方法的进展概况，并就离子轰击实验参量的选择进行了较为深入的分析。     

Measurement of Adhesive Bond Properties Including Damage by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis of a Beam Specimen

A method to obtain mechanical properties using a bonded (double) cantilever beam (or three point bend) specimen loaded in a manner to produce pure shear in the adhesive layer is reviewed. A revised mathematical solution which allows for easier interpretation of optimum beam dimensions to the one originally developed by Moussiaux, Cardon and Brinson for the static case is presented. An extension of this solution for a fixed/fixed viscoelastic beam under steady state oscillations developed by Li, Dickie and Morman is also discussed. Previous results using a vibrating beam to determine the complex viscoelastic properties of a bonded beam are reviewed. These results demonstrate conclusively that dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) measurements discriminate differences in surface treatments and various environmental conditions. New measurements are presented that indicate the DMTA procedure can be used to quantify damage simulated by imbedded flaws in beams. The procedure is also shown to assess the effects of both humidity and corrosive environments on lap specimens. It is suggested that this technique may ultimately provide a method to quantify the amount of hidden damage in an adhesive joint subjected to fatigue, moisture or corrosive environments.     

药物抗氧化作用对DNA发光动力学行为的影响

本文应用ＣｕＳＯ４－Ｐｈｅｎ－Ｖｃ－Ｈ２Ｏ２－ＤＮＡ化学发光体系观察药物对发光动力学行为的影响，研究了九种药物对ＤＮＡ损伤的保护作用，并对其药物结构对抗氧化能力的影响进行了分析。发现药物在该系统中的抗氧化作用有三种类型，提示它们可能在体内不同的反应过程中起不同的作用。在该系统中具有抑制ＤＮＡ损伤发光能力的药物，按其作用强弱依次为阿魏酸、丹参素、芦丁，茶多酚、ＳＯＤ、、丹参酮Ⅱ－Ａ，丹皮酚，五味子乙     

等效剪切刚度的框架结构损伤识别方法

为研究有别于现有侧重于研究结构具体构件(梁、柱及支撑等)的建筑结构损伤识别方法,提出应直接从整体开展框架结构损伤识别方法.将框架结构转换成"等效剪切型"结构,数值分析表明,结构具体构件出现损伤(即刚度发生退化)时,会引起受影响层的等效剪切刚度发生变化,因此,可以采用层等效剪切刚度变化率与层抗侧刚度作为指标来进行结构损伤定位与损伤程度评定.通过大量的框架结构数值模拟计算,归纳出了一套能将损伤定位到结构层及从整体来评定结构损伤程度的方法.     

Damage and deterioration mechanism and curing technique of concrete structure in main coal cleaning plants

Concrete structures in main coal cleaning plants have been rebuilt and reinforced in the coal mines of the Shanghai Da-tun Energy Sources Co. Ltd., the first colliery of the Pingdingshan Coal Co. Ltd. and the Sanhejian mine of the Xuzhou Mining Group Co. Ltd. In these projects, the operating environment and reliability of concrete structures in the main plants of the three companies were investigated and the safety of the structures inspected. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were made on the spe-cial natural, technological and mechanical environments around the structures. On the basis of these analyses, we discuss the long-term, combined actions of the harsh natural (corrosive gases, liquids and solids) and mechanical environments on concrete structures and further investigated the damage and deteriorating mechanisms and curing techniques of concrete structures in the main coal cleaning plants. Our study can provide a theoretical basis for ensuring the reliability of concrete structures in main coal cleaning plants.     

简支梁多位置损伤识别研究

曲率模态是结构损伤识别的敏感标示量,采用数值仿真方法,把曲率模态用于桥梁损伤识别.利用简支梁损伤前后一阶曲率变化率作为识别参数,便可明显确定其多处损伤位置.对相关样本参数进行归一化处理并引入噪声干扰,利用BP人工神经网络进行数值仿真计算,也能对其损伤程度进行有效模拟,验证了BP神经网络也有很强的泛化能力及容错能力.     

基于核磁共振成像的混凝土冻融损伤特征

为研究多次冻融循环过程中材料内部孔隙分布的变化特点,采用低强度磁场核磁共振成像扫描仪对经过0,50,100和200次冻融循环的混凝土试件进行扫描,获得了弛豫时间T₂分布谱和扫描图像。研究结果表明:随着冻融循环次数的增加,表征材料孔隙率大小的T₂谱面积呈现初期增速较快,后期增速减小的规律;小孔隙含量随循环次数增加而减小,大孔隙含量随循环次数增加而上升;不同损伤程度的混凝土试件的核磁共振(NMR)扫描图像与T₂分布谱的变化特点具有较好的同步性,体现了扫描结果的准确性。研究成果有助于加深对混凝土在冻融循环过程中结构损伤演化规律的认识。     

正弦波下砂岩ms级损伤预测模型

为获得毫秒(ms)级正弦波损伤变量预测模型,对岩样在不破坏情况下进行了不同波形不同频率的轴向力加卸载试验。提出了不同步时间段的定义,进而获得不同峰值荷载下不考虑不同步时间条件下的动态泊松比分别与即时荷载、即时横向长度、即时轴向高度之间的线性关系,从而得到线性关系中系数与峰值荷载间的拟合公式,即可联立不同已知条件,通过少量几个加载力峰值下的试验数据,对任意峰值荷载下动态泊松比与相关参数间的线性关系进行预测。以此为基础研究得到,在误差允许的范围内,采用动态泊松比与即时横向长度的线性关系,推导出体积应变、损伤变量的计算公式和方法,可以很好地对加卸载过程中岩样的体积应变、损伤的变化做出ms级的精确预测,也为在已知少量循环试验下获得岩石动态参数,即可对ms级的损伤进行精确预测的模型提供了方法。     

考虑接触行为的U型渠道冻胀数值模拟

U型衬砌渠道具有良好的整体性和冻胀适应性,但在冬季仍极易因土体冻胀而导致破坏。考虑渠基冻土与衬砌接触面冻结的非线性特性和冻土、混凝土材料的塑性特征,建立能分析渠道基土与衬砌间挤压、脱开及滑移等接触力学行为的渠道冻胀破坏热力耦合数值模型。以宝鸡峡灌区塬下北干渠为原型渠道,按照模型是否考虑接触分别进行冻胀数值模拟,并对模拟结果进行对比分析。结果表明:考虑接触的模型模拟结果与原型实测值更相符,更能合理地解释U型渠道冻胀在渠底与阴坡衔接处冻胀量最小;考虑接触的混凝土塑性应变最大值是不考虑接触时的3.76倍;考虑接触的法向冻胀力和切向冻结力更均匀,最大值均减少1.5~3.0倍,应力集中现象减弱,更能反映混凝土衬砌板与渠基土之间的滑移变形与破坏准则的相互作用。研究结果为U型衬砌渠道冻胀破坏规律提供了分析方法。