XRF在外壳镀层厚度测试中的正确应用

介绍了在外壳检验中,应用X射线荧光光谱法(XRF),对外壳的镀涂层厚度进行测试;探讨了金属外壳镀镍涂层厚度的测试方法;论述了应用X射线荧光光谱法正确测量外壳镀层的方法。     

High-efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells with a novel In(OH)3:Zn buffer layer

We propose the inclusion of a novel In(OH)₃:Zn²⁺ buffer layer for fabricating high-efficiency CIGS solar cells. This buffer layer was deposited using a solution consisting of ZnCl₂, InCl₃·4H₂O, and thiourea. The In(OH)₃:Zn²⁺ films showed high resistivities of 2.1×10⁸ Ω cm and transmittance of above 95% in the visible range. We expected two effects due to this new buffer layer: first is the formation of a passivation layer on the CIGS surface and the second is Zn-doping into CIGS layer, resulting in the formation of a buried junction. A cell efficiency of 14.0% (V_oc: 0.575 V, J_sc: 32.1 mA/cm², FF: 0.758) was achieved by using an In(OH)₃:Zn²⁺ buffer layer, without the light soaking effect.     

High-temperature Raman study in CVD diamond

Measurements of the Raman spectra in chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond films at temperatures up to 1200 K are presented. Specifically, the evolution of Raman line position, line width, and intensity were monitored as a function of heating time. The red shifting and the line width broadening of CVD diamond's Raman line with temperature are very similar to that of natural diamond's. However, the detailed temperature dependence of Raman line width depends on the orientation of the CVD diamond crystal and the ambient gas used during thermal treatment. Since the CVD diamond usually exhibited a broader Raman spectra than natural diamond, the evolution of the line width upon heating is thus expected to depend on the origins and the annealing effects of the residual stress. For (111) CVD diamond subjected to annealing in air at 973 K, the line width decreased by more than one wavenumber while the line intensity increased by more than an order of magnitude before it decreased subsequently. In contrast, there is hardly any observable changes of the line width for (100) CVD diamond heated in air at 1173 K. Measurements conducted in He versus in air suggested that the reduction of the non-diamond carbon phase (therefore, the reduction of stress) is likely due to oxidation, which occurs more readily in (111) than in (100).     

低温等离子体化学法制备纳米级TiO2超细粉末

采用改进的低温等离子体化学法,用无水TiCl_4在氧气氛中,制备了小于10nm非晶TiO_2超细粉末,通过XRD、TEM、TG-DTA和XPS等手段分析了反应条件对产物形态、粒径大小和组成的影响,研究了热处理条件与TiO_2晶化、晶型转变之间的关系,高于200℃时非晶TiO_2转化成具有锐钛矿结构的晶态。此外,还初步讨论了TiO_2超细粉末形成过程的动力学和电子辐照效应。     

用于酸化的酸／油微乳液的实验室研究

用阴-非离子表面活性剂制备了酸/油型微乳液,初步优选了配方。在常压下对比了盐酸、Hoefner 的酸/油微乳液、Phillips 的稠化酸及作者所配制的酸/油微乳液与大理石之间的反应速率。结果表明,本文所提出的微乳液体系的酸化速率最小。考察了钙离子对反应速率的影响。用支撑液膜研究了氢离子在微乳液中的传递机理。所配制的微乳液体系可用于砂岩油层的基质酸化或压裂酸化。     

基于Intranet的火电厂水汽化学过程监控系统

介绍了一种基于Intranet技术的火电厂水汽化学过程监控系统的组成原理、功能特点和控制策略，系统成本低、维护方便、操作简单、适应性强、可靠性高，具有很好的通用性，对于火电厂水汽化学过程的监控有较高的推广价值。     

化学反应产物振动态分布的计算程序

使用半经典微扰和无限级突然近似方法计算产物振动态分布的程序，程序用ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ语言编写，只要输入一个化学反应产物的振动态量子数，就可得到产物中此态的分配比例。     

Physical and tribological properties of diamond films grown in argoncarbon plasmas

Nanocrystalline diamond films have been deposited using a microwave plasma consisting of argon, 2–10% hydrogen and a carbon precursor such as C₆₀ or CH₄. It was found that it is possible to grow the diamond phase with both carbon precursors, although the hydrogen concentration in the plasma was 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than normally required in the absence of the argon. Auger electron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction measurements and transmission electron microscopy indicate the films are predominantly composed of diamond. Surface roughness, as determined by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy indicate the nanocrystalline films grown in low hydrogen content plasmas are exceptionally smooth (30–50 nm rms) to thicknesses of 10 m. The smooth nanocrystalline films result in low friction coefficients (μ = 0.04–0.06) and low average wear rates as determined by ball-on-disk measurements.