泌阳凹陷深凹区核三上段页岩层脆性矿物预测及分布

利用多测井参数回归法和多矿物模型法,结合实测矿物含量数据,对泌阳凹陷深凹区核三上段页岩层矿物进行预测与分析。结果表明,该页岩层矿物含量变化较大,主要以石英和黏土矿物为主(其平均含量分别为24.2%和23.4%);斜长石、方解石、白云石、钾长石、黄铁矿含量依次降低,黄铁矿平均含量仅为3.1%;沸石、石膏等其他矿物只在少数样品中可见。通过实测数据校验,预测结果相关性好,其中多矿物模型预测精度更高,其相关性最高可达0.8。泌页HF1井矿物剖面分布以及核三上段页岩层脆性矿物平面分布显示,多矿物模型预测的结果能够较好地反映该区矿物分布规律及其变化趋势,其结果对页岩油甜点预测、储层矿物评价和页岩油开发都具有重要参考价值。     

手持式X荧光光谱仪在济阳坳陷古近系陆相页岩岩心分析中的应用

中国陆相湖盆沉积相变快,表现出很强的岩石组构和化学组成非均质性。为高效刻画这种非均质性,需要获得高密度地质样品的元素地球化学特征等基础信息。利用X荧光光谱(XRF)分析技术,以济阳坳陷沙三、沙四层段泥页岩系统岩心为主要研究对象,优化手持式X荧光光谱仪岩心测试的实验条件,并选取泥页岩和砂岩典型样品进行方法测试,明确了不同岩性的XRF响应特征。通过对系统岩心高密度XRF测试,实现了高效获取岩心元素组成和岩石学特征的目的。初步应用结果表明,该方法可以有效运用于岩性和岩相划分、岩石矿物组成分布特征分析、泥页岩非均质性表征等方面,并为页岩油赋存机理研究重点样品优选奠定基础。     

济阳坳陷古近系泥页岩岩石学特征对可压性的影响

济阳坳陷古近系泥页岩蕴含着丰富的油气资源,但针对性的压裂未取得预期效果。立足于岩石学特征,从脆性矿物类型、含量、产状及成因、黏土矿物组成、有机质含量、成岩作用强度、天然裂缝发育程度等方面对泥页岩可压性的影响进行了剖析,并与美国相关盆地的页岩有关参数进行了对比。研究认为：济阳坳陷古近系沙三下亚段—沙四上亚段泥页岩脆性矿物以硬度较低的方解石为主,总体抗嵌入能力较差;陆源的石英碎屑颗粒弥散状分布,影响压裂应力集中造缝,但含量仍与岩石脆性正相关;结晶形成的碳酸盐纹层导致岩石纵、横向非均质性增强,不利于压裂形成复杂网状裂缝;有机质含量与岩石脆性负相关,与源岩质量正相关,有利可压层段的选择需辩证综合分析;地层年代新、成岩时间短使岩石相对呈塑性,岩石脆性破裂难度增加。泥页岩可压性的影响因素非常复杂,既取决于岩石学特征又受围压条件及地应力差异等地质条件影响;压裂效果还受压裂液体系及施工参数的选择等方面的影响。     

济阳坳陷页岩油勘探实践与前景展望

济阳坳陷页岩油是在新生代陆相断陷咸化湖盆沉积的半深湖—深湖相富有机质、富碳酸盐页岩中富集的中—低、中—高演化程度的页岩油,丰度高、资源潜力大,与北美海相盆地和国内其他陆相盆地页岩油有所不同。回顾济阳坳陷页岩油50年的勘探历程,可分为勘探偶遇、主动探索、创新突破3个阶段,目前已在东营凹陷沙河街组沙四上亚段、沾化凹陷沙三下亚段取得了中等热演化程度富碳酸盐纹层基质型、高热演化程度富碳酸盐纹层状—层状基质型等多层系、多类型页岩油勘探的战略性突破,同时低热演化程度富碳酸盐纹层基质型页岩油也取得重要进展。通过近10年的科研攻关与勘探实践,提出济阳坳陷页岩岩相划分方案,取得富有机质页岩储集性、含油性、可动性、可压裂性创新性认识,建立济阳坳陷页岩油“四性”为核心的20项参数地质评价体系,配套地质、工程甜点地球物理预测与钻井工程、压裂工艺技术,形成了适合济阳坳陷地质特点的页岩油“一体化”运行管理模式,有效指导了济阳坳陷页岩油勘探实践。     

涠西南凹陷(西部)古近系层序地层及沉积特征研究

在不同勘探阶段,运用层序地层学理论进行层序地层的沉积特征研究是当前石油行业各生产单位常用的工作方法。在勘探初期钻井稀少的情况下,充分利用钻井和地震资料,采用井—震结合进行三级层序沉积特征研究的思路和方法,探讨了涠西南凹陷(西部)古近系层序地层。通过钻井资料分析,进行单井及多井层序地层及沉积旋回解释。井震结合,进行地震剖面的地震地层学解释,建立层序地层格架并进行地震相及沉积相分析。结合构造背景和古地貌研究,在层序地层格架内进行研究区沉积相及沉积体系平面特征及沉积演化过程的分析和预测。     

潜江凹陷潜江组页岩次生孔隙研究

潜江凹陷潜江组页岩储层以次生孔隙为主,总体属于中孔-低渗或低孔-低渗性储层;潜江凹陷潜江组页岩在成岩作用、生烃过程中发育形成了较为有利的裂缝、(裂缝)-溶蚀孔隙及次生晶间和粒间孔隙,构成潜江凹陷潜江组页岩储层的主要油气储集空间。     

A revised examination of the dual pathway model for bulimic symptoms: The importance of social comparisons made on Facebook and sociotropy

ObjectiveTo replicate the Dual Pathway Model (DPM) of bulimia nervosa (BN) symptoms prospectively, and to assess whether a revised version of the DPM that included the variables social comparisons made on Facebook and sociotropy influenced the DPM.MethodParticipants were 245 females who completed baseline measures (T1) that assessed the DPM, as well as the constructs social comparisons made on Facebook, and sociotropy, and a follow-up questionnaire, which assessed symptoms of depression, bulimia, and dietary restraint, one month later (T2).ResultsPath analysis revealed that the original and the revised DPMs had excellent fit once modifications to the respective models were made. In both DPMs, T1 pressures to be thin and T1 thin ideal internalization were related to T1 body dissatisfaction. T1 body dissatisfaction prospectively predicted T2 depressive symptoms and T2 bulimic symptoms, but not T2 dietary restraint. Furthermore, T2 dietary restraint, but not T2 depressive symptoms, predicted T2 BN symptoms. Results also showed that T2 dietary restraint was associated with T2 depressive symptoms. In the revised DPM, T1 social comparisons made on Facebook were associated with T1 body dissatisfaction, T1 pressures to be thin, and T2 bulimic symptoms. T1 sociotropy was related to T1 social comparisons on Facebook, T1 pressures to be thin, T1 body dissatisfaction, and T2 bulimic symptoms.ConclusionsFindings suggest the BN preventative efforts might benefit from addressing appropriate forms of social comparisons, especially those made on Facebook, and the personality trait sociotropy.     

Insights from an expressive writing intervention on Facebook to help alleviate depressive symptoms

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. Studies have shown that various online social network (OSN) activities can be used as a marker for people's moods as well as symptoms of subsyndromal depression, suggesting possibilities for online-based interventions. This study investigates one such potential by developing an expressive writing application within Facebook and by investigating how the designed intervention as well as various online social network activities contribute to improving one's emotional state. Experimental data show that negative emotional words and cognitive words in online expressive writing are the two most important factors in alleviating depressive symptoms. Furthermore, participants who have had previous experience expressing emotions in OSNs reported the greatest reduction in depressive symptoms. Our findings have implications that can assist in designing personalized online intervention platforms and for sophisticated writing therapy to maximize the effect of expressive writing.     

松辽盆地徐家围子断陷沙河子组储层特征及控制因素

徐家围子断陷沙河子组是松辽盆地北部近期天然气勘探的主要目标，这类致密砂砾岩气层的储层特征及控制因素研究是首要的。通过分析其白垩系早期拉张构造背景条件下形成的一套断陷沉积，纵向上可划分为4个三级层序，各层序在断陷湖盆陡坡带和缓坡带发育扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲沉积。研究表明其储层主要为砂砾岩和含砾粗砂岩等粗碎屑岩。沙河子组储层孔隙包括原生粒间孔和次生孔隙，孔隙度主要分布在2%~8%，渗透率多小于0.1×10^-3 μm²，为致密储层。沙河子组储层发育的控制因素包括埋深、沉积相带、岩石类型和次生成岩作用，埋藏浅的扇三角洲（辫状河三角洲）前缘、平原相砂砾岩储层物性好，含火山碎屑物质的砂岩、砂砾岩易于形成溶蚀孔隙，改善储集性能。徐家围子断陷沙河子组有利储层主要位于埋深小于4 000 m的安达东、西两侧的扇三角洲前缘、平原区和徐东、徐西的构造高部位扇体发育区，埋藏较浅的安达中部滨浅湖相和埋藏较深的徐东、徐西斜坡扇体发育区也是较有利的储层发育区。     

Internet use and depression among older adults

The findings regarding the impact of Internet use on well-being are mixed and studies are often criticized due to small samples and lack of consistency in measurement. Fewer studies have examined this issue among older adults. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Internet use and depression among retired Americans age 50 years or older. Using data from the Health and Retirement Survey, the study estimates the relationship between Internet use and depression through combined use of regression and propensity score methodologies. All empirical methods indicate a positive contribution of Internet use to mental well-being of retired older adults (?50 years), reducing depression categorization by approximately 20–28%.