Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Chinese Sturgeon Spawning Ground in Yangtze River

Since the construction of the Gezhouba Dam on the Yangtze River in 1981, it has been found that the Chinese Sturgeon, Acipensor sinensis, performs natural propagation annually in a narrow reach downstream close to the Gezhouba Dam site. This might allow one to better investigate the river hydrodynamic conditions of the Chinese Sturgeon spawning ground. In this article, spatial Kinetic Energy Gradient （KEG） and absolute value of vorticity were computed along the river sections from measured data. The relation between Spawn Density per Unit Area （SDUA） and vorticity strength and between SDUA and KEG were worked out. The Results showed that the vorticity and KEG were both effective parameters for describing the hydrodynamic characteristics of Chinese Sturgeon spawning ground. The Chinese Sturgeons prefer to spawn in the river sections where the value of vorticity strength is larger than 0.4 s^-1 and KEG is larger than 0.029 Jkg^-1m^-1.     

陶瓷耐磨短管在重油催化裂化再生器中的应用

中国石油大庆石化分公司炼油厂1000kt/a重油催化裂化装置再生器大孔分布板上的耐磨短管,由0Cr18Ni9套管内衬陶瓷耐磨短管复合而成。由于温度应力和带催化剂高速气流的冲刷,短管经常损坏。文章围绕大孔分布板在升-降温过程中的力学行为,分析了短管损坏的原因,并提出了改进措施。     

炼厂碳四精脱硫工业侧线试验研究

在广州石化分公司进行了催化C4精脱硫工业侧线试验,试验结果表明,在压力1.6MPa,温度为常温,液空速1.0h-1的条件下,该工艺能将催化C4中总硫含量从10mg/m3～80mg/m3脱除至1.0mg/m3以下,所使用的吸附剂可以再生,再生性能好,可用于催化C4中硫化物的精脱。     

焦化装置弹丸焦生成的原因及对策

通过生成弹丸焦的实例分析,确定弹丸焦的生成主要与原料中含有较多的沥青质有关.残炭值与沥青质含量之比<1.4为生成弹丸焦的判定条件.指出通过降低炉出口温度、提高操作压力、提高循环比等措施可以抑制掸丸焦的生成,但提高循环比要根据原料情况而定,不适用于含较多轻组分的原料.     

三分量数字检波器电磁干扰产生的机理研究

数字地震检波器由于采用MEMS为核心的数字传感器技术,一般认为,已不存在传统地震模拟检波器所固有的50 Hz干扰,但是,实际应用却得出了不同的结论,而是在高压输电线附近存在电磁干扰,并且在强电场区此现象较严重。文章从取得的地震资料着手,展开系统研究,从信号的角度,分析形成的原因,并结合数字检波器的核心技术,从硬件系统的构成成分进行原理分析,在此基础上,进行野外试验。结果表明：MEMS技术并不能彻底消除电磁干扰影响,在电磁场较强或有漏电现象条件下仍然会引入电磁干扰,只是其干扰能量比动圈式检波器减弱。该研究为目前正在兴起的高密度地震资料采集中数字检波器的正确应用提供了参考。     

天然气净化厂单元能耗评价指标探讨

国内外天然气净化厂的设计普遍采用知名公司的过程流程模拟软件,为了达到理想的设计和节能效果,需要设计人员长期经验的积累。因缺乏国内外同类设计单元能耗水平的详细数据,以及现有单元能耗指标设置不够直观,评价难以达到SY/T 0082.3-2006《石油天然气工程初步设计内容规范》第3部分的要求。通过对A、B、C三个天然气净化厂主要设计参数的综合分析,提出脱硫单元用脱除每千摩尔酸气耗能;脱水单元用脱除每千摩尔水耗能;硫磺回收单元用酸气中每千摩尔硫化氢发生的蒸汽量,作为天然气净化厂新的单元能耗评价指标。同时统一能量折算指标和能耗计量器具。     

改性高岭土在催化裂化催化剂中的应用研究

采用加入分散剂打浆方式对高岭土进行改性.考察了打浆过程的阶段性变化,以及分散剂对催化剂反应性能的影响.结果表明,在高岭土浆液中加入分散剂后,打浆为20 min时,粒度从6.2 μm降至1.4 μm,提高了打浆效率.通过引入含硅分散剂对高岭土改性,在细化高岭土浆液粒度的同时,可以增大高岭土的比表面积、孔体积,改善基质的分...     

强化设备管理 延长开工周期实现最佳经济效益

介绍了大庆石化分公司炼油厂催化重整装置强化设备管理、延长装置开工周期、降低各种内耗、实现最佳经济效益的做法。     

Etherification of FCC Light Gasoline over Mo-Modified β Zeolite Catalyst

Etherification activity of several molecular sieve catalysts for FCC light gasoline was studied in a fixed-bed reactor. H-Beta zeolite was found to be high active than that of others and close to cation exchanged resin catalyst. H-Beta zeolite also showed good activity and selectivity and could not be deactivated easily, and could be easily regenerated after deactivation. In order to further improve etherification activity, the surface acidity and pore structure of zeolite could be modified, by loading different metal oxides. The result showed that the highest conversion of tert-olefin was obtained over Mo/Hβ (1%). The influence of reaction temperature, methanol and tert-olefin molar ratio, reaction pressure, and LHSV on the conversion was investigated. At optimized reaction conditions, tert-olefin conversion of 57.42% had been reached with Mo/Hβ (1%).     

油浆过滤装置自动控制在DCS上的实现

介绍了中国石化股份公司九江分公司Ⅱ套催化油浆过滤试验装置的工艺原理和程序化控制原理，采用系统的CL／HPM编程方式实现该装置自动控制的方法。