Synthesis and properties of an alkoxysilane dye containing three electronic donor groups for nonlinear optical applications

In order to obtain an efficient hybrid inorganic–organic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, an azo-dye containing three electronic donor groups 2,5-dimethyl-4-(4′-nitrophenylazo)phenol (DMNPAP) was synthesized and reacted with 3-isocyanatopropyl triethoxysilane (ICTES) to give an alkoxysilane dye (ICTES–DMNPAP). Molecular structural characterizations for DMNPAP and ICTES–DMNPAP were investigated by elemental analysis, ¹H NMR, FTIR, UV–visible spectra and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The alkoxysilane dye could be hydrolyzed and polymerized in the presence of water, and then transparent hybrid films could be fabricated by spin coating on the indium–tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrates. Compared with the dye 4-nitro-4′-hydroxy-azobenzene (NHA) containing only one hydroxyl as donor group, DMNPAP exhibited larger β_CTμ_g value measured by solvatochromic method, and second harmonic generation (SHG) measurement of the hybrid films was in agreement with the result.     

纳米载体铜基催化剂对低碳醇合成的影响

本文用沉积-沉淀法制备了新型纳米载体低碳醇合成催化剂，并与共沉淀法所制备的催化剂进行了对比，结果表明，纳米载体催化剂活性高、耐热性能好、醇收率高纳米载体对纳米载体催化剂活性大小的影响顺序为：纳米Al2O3＞纳米ZnO-ZnAl2O4＞纳米MgAl2O4＞纳米MgO.工艺参数对反应性能的影响结果表明，反应温度低，甲醇选择性高；但温度太高（＞320℃）CO2。选择性升高，且整个反应为动力学控制；压力升高可提高活性和C1-C2OH选择性，但C4OH选择性下降；结合空速对产物分布的影响，反应可能按Smith和Anderson的缩聚机理进行．     

4-溴-1-溴甲基-2-对氯苯基-5-三氟甲基吡咯-3-腈的合成

以2 对氯苯基1 甲基5 三氟甲基2 吡咯啉3 腈为原料,经三步反应合成了4 溴1溴甲基2 对氯苯基5 三氟甲基吡咯3 腈,合成总收率为29.8%。     

SOME ASPECTS OF THEORETICAL COMPARISON OF FISCHER-TROPSCH REACTORS

The reactor systems used for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, fixed bed, fluidized bed and slurry bed, are compared on the basis of space time yield (STY) and level of conversion obtainable under the same set of feed and operating conditions. The slurry bed and fluidized bed reactor were compared on the basis of a first order reaction model. The performance of these two reactors was found to be comparable at low values of WHSV, but at higher values of WHSV, the fluidized bed reactor gave higher conversions and STY. A power law kinetic expression was used to compare the performance of the slurry bed and fixed bed reactors. Higher conversions and STY were obtained from the fixed bed with varying WHSV. This may be due to the omission of the intra and inter phase mass transfer resistances in the modelling of the fixed bed reactor.     

MIL-53的合成和表征及储氢性能研究

采用水热合成法将对苯二甲酸（H2BDC）、水分别与Cr（NO3）3.9H2O、Al（NO3）3.9H2O混合后加热至220℃晶化3d,合成了具有三维立体网状骨架结构的有机金属骨架MIL-53（Cr）as与MIL-53（Al）as,将其分别在300、330℃下煅烧3d得到有机金属骨架MIL-53（Cr）ht与MIL-53（Al）ht。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、智能重量分析仪（IGA）、扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱仪（IR）和热重分析仪（TG）等表征手段系统地对它们的结构、组成以及储氢性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,有机金属骨架MIL-53系列独特的骨架呼吸特性使其具有良好的储氢性能,且具有较高比表面积、孔容及孔径的MIL-53（Al）在储氢性能方面具有更好的表现。     

爪形大分子CBC—NO的合成、表征及降滤性能研究

以1,3-丁二醇、柠檬酸为原料、甲苯为溶剂,在120℃油浴中反应,合成了柠檬酸-1,3-丁二醇-柠檬酸（CBC）爪状物小分子;然后,以甲基苯磺酸为催化剂,使CBC依次与环烷酸、十八醇分别在140℃和180℃油浴下接枝,合成了新型的爪形大分子柠檬酸-1,3-丁二醇-柠檬酸-环烷酸-十八醇（CBC—NO）。采用^1H—NMR及IR对合成的两种化合物进行了结构表征。结果表明,合成的CBC和CBC—NO与所设计的分子结构相吻合。用元素分析确定了CBC的化学组成为C16H22O14。合成的CBC—NO溶于有机溶剂,不溶于水。将CBC—NO按600μg／g的加剂量添加到不同的轻柴油中,柴油的冷滤点最大可降低8℃。     

HYDRODYNAMIC STUDIES IN FISCHER-TROPSCH DERIVED WAXES IN A BUBBLE COLUMN

Gas hold-up and Sauter mean bubble diameter measurements were made in a 0.051 m diameter by 3 m long glass bubble column in the system, nitrogen-molten wax, with three different waxes (paraffin wax FT-300, Sasol's Arge wax and Mobil's reactor wax). Paraffin wax has a tendency to foam and gas hold-up is a strong function of gas distributor type, temperature and start-up procedure, whereas the reactor waxes do not foam and are much less affected by these variables, In experiments at 265°C with a 1.85 mm single hole orifice plate distributor the gas hold-ups were nearly the same for all three waxes. However, significant differences in Sauter mean bubble diameters were obtained in experiments with different waxes; FT-300 wax produced the smallest Sauter mean bubble diameters whereas Mobil's reactor wax produced the largest bubbles. Addition of 1-octadecanol and octadecanoic acid (up to 10wt%) to the FT-300 paraffin wax caused an increase in gas hold-up and a delay in the foam break-up in runs at 265°C with the 1.85 mm orifice plate distributor.     

情感语音合成综述

情感语音合成作为一个新兴的语音合成方向,糅合生理学、心理学、语言学和信息科学等各学科知识,可以应用于文本阅读、信息查询发布和计算机辅助教学等领域,能够很好地将语音的口语分析、情感分析与计算机技术有机融合,为实现以人为本,具有个性化特征的语音合成系统奠定基础。目前的情感语音合成工作可分为基于规则合成和基于波形拼接合成两类。情感语音合成研究分为情感分析和语音合成两个部分。其中．情感分析的主要工作是收集不同情感的语音数据、提取声学特征,分析声学特征与情感联系;语音合成的主要工作是建立情感转换模型,利用情感转换模型实现合成。     

2,2,3,3—四溴—1,4—丁二醇的合成研究

研究了２，２，３，３－四溴－１，４－丁二醇的合成方法，讨论了温度、溶剂、催化剂、反应时间、原料配比等因素对产品收率的影响，并提出了反应母液循环利用的有关问题。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of LA-MN-Hexaaluminates for the catalytic combustion of methane

Hydrothermal synthesis by using urea hydrolysis at 1.0-3.0 MPa and 120-130 ‡C was employed to prepare Mn-substituted hexaaluminate catalysts for methane combustion. The results from DTA-MS demonstrated that CO_3- and Off anions co-exist in the hydrothermal reaction. XRD reveals that the components of carbonates and hydroxides in the hydrothermal reaction are more favorable than those in the (NH₄)₂CO₃ co-precipitation for the formation of the Mn-substituted hexaaluminate phase. After calcination at 1,200 ‡C for 2 h, LaMnAl₁₁O₁₉ is the major phase of the catalyst prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis method while LaAlO₃ is the major one of the catalysts prepared by NH₄OH and (NH₄)₂CO₃ co-precipitation. The catalyst prepared by hydrothermal synthesis has higher activity than that prepared by NH₄OH and (NH₄)₂CO₃ co-precipitation. The major reason is that more Mn²⁺ ions have incorporated into the hexaaluminate lattice. The effect of drying methods on the formation of hexaaluminate phase was also discussed.