欠平衡钻井技术的优势和挑战

文章综述了国内外欠平衡钻井技术的应用现状,分析了国内外对欠平衡钻井技术的需求;结合目前国内的应用情况,重点介绍了欠平衡钻井的技术优势,即欠平衡钻井技术能够减少油气层伤害、评价油气藏、提高机械钻速、同时还具有有效控制漏失、减少压差卡钻等优点。讨论了欠平衡钻井技术在钻井成本、储层损害、钻井液选择、完井和测井以及存在不安全的隐患等方面所面临的技术挑战,指出欠平衡钻井比常规钻井具有更显著的技术优势,在国外已经发展很成熟;但在国内对欠平衡钻井的认识还不足,发展应用受到制约;建议应建立欠平衡钻井作业标准和管理规章制度,加强欠平衡钻井的相关基础理论和技术研究。这对国内进一步开展欠平衡钻井技术工作的研究有很好的参考作用。     

搬运机器人在钻杆生产线物料输送系统中的应用

针对钻杆生产线中物料输送的特点和难点,设计了基于搬运机器人的智能输送系统,介绍了系统的组成、工作流程、以及Profibus总线配置。调试表明,该系统能够满足搬运物料的设计目的,对提高生产效率具有较高的应用价值。     

自升式钻井平台DCS集成配置的研究

自升式钻井平台DCS（集散系统）是平台自动化控制的核心,该系统可以实现对整个平台及其重要设备的状态监测、控制、报警、记录等功能。本文对现有部分自升式钻井平台的DCS配置情况进行分析,致力于形成一种功能相对完善,配置相对合理的集成配套形式,可为自升式钻井平台项目DCS的搭建提供一个有益参考。     

Response surface methodology study on electrochemical adsorption regeneration of water-based drilling fluid waste

ABSTRACT

This study explores an electrochemical adsorption method on the regeneration of aqueous drilling fluid waste. Response surface analysis was applied to investigating the electrochemical factors on the adsorption performance. The response surface polynomial model optimized the preferred electrochemical adsorption conditions with adsorption time of 20 min, spacing electrodes of 5 cm, adsorption concentration of 5% and NaCl concentration of 2 g/L. The model calculated electrochemical adsorption amount of drilling fluid showed only 1.3% deviation from the experimental results. Thus, the model could provide effective support for the device design and application of drilling fluid electrochemical adsorption process.     

制造泡沫玻璃的方法与模具

将泡沫玻璃配合料制备成块状物,将配合料块按规定间隙在模具中平铺码放并烧成,使配合料块熔为一体,形成较小变形的平板状泡沫玻璃.其制造模具是由底板、上盖及L型围板构成的箱型结构,模具各部位通过V字沟相互联结,保证各部位能自由地附着和脱离.模具多层码放烧制,模具间必须设置间隙.在模具上设置通孔可以有效地抑制膨胀过量问题.     

德国用环戊烷代替氟里昂（CFC）作为硬质PU泡沫发泡剂的新技术

本文介绍了环戊烷的运输，多元醇／环戊烷混合装置及混合料储存的技术并详细叙述使用环戊烷作为发泡剂的安全方法。     

测井资料在井壁稳定性研究中的应用

井壁稳定性问题是石油钻井工业面临的一个重大课题。利用测井资料研究井壁稳定性是一种有效的方法。文章利用声波、密度测井资料计算了岩石力学参数、岩石强度参数，在此基础上进行了地应力计算、进而确定了地层破裂压力和坍塌压力，预测了安全钻井液密度范围，为钻井设计提供参考，并可指导安全钻井。通过新疆X 201井安全钻井液密度窗口的测井预测值与实钻钻井液密度对比分析，证明利用测井资料评价井壁稳定性的可行性和准确性，具有工程应用价值。     

自升式海洋钻井平台锁紧装置液压系统

针对自升式海洋钻井平台锁紧装置,讨论其构成,对作为驱动装置的液压系统进行设计并作出原理图,运用solidworks和3D Studio Max软件对锁紧装置进行建模仿真.锁紧装置液压系统的设计主要采用比例阀控制的同步回路和用顺序阀的顺序动作回路来分别实现液压缸的同步运动以及顺序动作.     

Similarity identification method on formational interfaces and application in general granite

An instrumented drilling system can be applied for the acquisition of drilling process parameters.The system can provide continuous and huge data for geotechnical engineering.However, due to the complexity of ground strata, the variation in the drilling parameters with stratigraphical characteristics is great and the correlation between likely comparable parameters is not high, which limits the use of conventional correlation approaches in this field.How to use the data for engineering and how to get a reasonable interpretation for the relationships among the drilling parameters, as well as between a drilling parameter and formational character-istics, become a technical choke point for the development and application of the instrumented drilling system.Based on similarity criteria, the extraction of sample data and characteristics, the pretreatment of data and feature matching algorithms have been ana-lyzed and an approach of slope coefficient searching identification has been established.A case study was carried out for the similar-ity between the rotational speed of the drill bit, flushing pressure, and effective thrust force graphics in general weathered granite.The result shows that the similarity coefficients between the rotational speed of the drill bit, flushing pressure, and effective thrust force are 0.72 and 0.83, respectively.Although there are differences between the distances of the graphics, the curves of both rota- tional speed and flushing pressure agree with the effective thrust curve in shape, which provides a possible method for the identifica- tion of various formations by use of the similarity between feature drilling parameters.     

高含硫油气田钻井作业HSE管理体系

健康、安全与环境管理体系（简称HSE管理体系）是国际石油勘探开发行业健康管理、安全管理、环境管理的一种系统方法,通过实施评价和风险管理,达到保障员工健康,保证安全生产,保护环境的目的。对于含硫气田钻井作业,任何可能发生的危险、危害都可能导致发生事故。在立足于事实和实践的基础上,完成了高含硫气田钻井作业HSE管理体系的步骤,通过体系的实施,能更加明确责任,提高HSE整体管理的水平和效率的可行性和重要性。