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中国长庆油田陕北高压气井在试采过程中，均不同程度地存在油管出现水合物堵塞现象，严重影响了气井的正常生产。水合物形成的初始位置对于防冻剂的注入位置、数量及方式都是极其重要的。运用流体力学、传热学等有关理论，同时结合van der Waals-Platteeuw理想固体溶液假设，提出了一个数学模型对水合物在井筒中的堵塞初始位置进行了预测。通过现场检验,该数学模型具有较高的精度，并且计算方法简单，使用方便，能够满足工程要求。     

浅谈输气管道试压问题(续完)

对输气管道试压介质及试验压力值进行了论述，阐述了水压试压与输气管道安全、可靠的关系。对ASMEB31．8“输气和配气管道系统试压”进行了解读。提出了输气管道水压试验程序。     

浅谈宝应LNG供气站的建设

LNG无色、无味、无毒且无腐蚀性 ,其体积约为同量气态天然气体积的 1/ 6 0 0 ,是一种有效的天然气供应形式。介绍了宝应LNG供气站使用的设备及工艺流程 ,工程建设期间遵循的标准及应注意的问题和解决办法     

综合地球物理勘探在输气管道勘查中的应用

本文介绍了浅层地震反射和高频大地电磁测深在输气管道中的实际应用，阐明了两种地球物理勘探方法的工作原理、数据处理方法，最后介绍了在该工区用两种方法综合解释所取得的主要成果。     

铝合金芯铝绞线在750kV输电线路中的节能分析

为了降低输电线路电能损耗,提高电能利用效率,新疆二通道750kV输电线路采用了一种新型节能导线JL/LHA1—220／230型铝合金芯铝绞线。把这种铝合金芯铝绞线的节能效果与常规导线进行对比分析,结果表明铝合金芯铝绞线在全寿命周期内年费用低,具有显著的经济效益。     

基于环境外部成本的长期资源规划模型及应用

针对传统的化石燃料发电带来的负面环境影响已成为电力体制改革的争论焦点,提出了考虑环境外部成本和断电成本的电力市场长期资源规划模型,以社会总成本最小化建模,并运用折现率体现成本的动态变化,形成一整套以发电为约束的长期资源规划综合模型。以云南省未来发电资源规划的实例验证了该模型的科学性和可行性。     

某天然气发动机的文丘里管混合器结构参数设计

本文分别建立了天然气发动机所需燃气、空气流量的数学模型,以及文丘里管混合器结构参数的数学模型.在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台上进行了建模和仿真,获得了设计工况下文丘里管混合器的结构参数,并在发动机运行范围内满足过量空气系数稳定在1.7左右的设计要求.     

Physical aging,high temperature and water vapor permeation studies of UV-rearranged PIM-1 membranes for advanced hydrogen purification and production

Ultraviolet (UV)-rearranged PIM-1 membranes have been shown to exhibit superior gas separation performance for H₂/CO₂ separation. The long-term aging studies of up to 100 days were investigated and revealed that the UV-rearranged PIM-1 membranes are much more stable than the original PIM-1 membrane. By positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) analyses, a constant decrease of o-Ps lifetime during physical aging of all membranes was observed, while o-Ps intensity changed sparingly. Compared to pure gas tests, the UV-irradiated PIM-1 membrane shows considerably enhanced separation performance in mixed gas tests with and without CO under high temperatures. Although the UV-rearranged PIM-1 membranes reveal deteriorating gas separation performance under humid feed conditions due to the effect of water vapor induced plasticization, the overall gas separation performance still outperforms most literature data. The successful validation of the separation performance for the UV-rearranged PIM-1 membranes under similar industrial testing conditions may possibly suggest the great potential of this type of membrane for the purification and production of industrial hydrogen.     

Coupled mechanical stress and multi-dimensional CFD analysis for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs)

We use a combined finite element method (FEM)/computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology to numerically investigate the effects of gas diffusion layer (GDL) compression/intrusion on the performance of a phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane-based high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC). Three-dimensional (3-D) FEM simulations are conducted under various displacement clamping conditions to analyze cell deformation characteristics. Then, a multi-dimensional HT-PEMFC CFD model is applied to the deformed cell geometries to study transport and electrochemical processes during HT-PEMFC operations. Our numerical simulation results reveal that the maximum stresses in the deformed GDLs always occur near the edge of the ribs. The combined effects of GDL compression/intrusion considerably increase spatial non-uniformity in the species and current density distributions, and reduce cell performance.     

Optimization of the electrode-supported tubular solid oxide cells for application on fuel cell and steam electrolysis

Hydrogen electrode-supported tubular solid oxide cells (SOCs) were fabricated by dip-coating and co-sintering method. The electrochemical properties of tubular SOCs were investigated both in fuel cell and electrolysis modes. Ni-YSZ was employed as hydrogen electrode support. The pore ratio of Ni-YSZ support strongly affected the performance of tubular SOCs, especially in steam electrolysis mode. The pore ratio was adjusted by the content of pore-former in support slurry. The results showed that 3 wt.% pore former content is the proper value to produce high performance both in fuel cell and electrolysis modes. In fuel cell mode, the maximum power density reached 743.1 mW cm⁻² with H₂ (105 sccm) and O₂ (70 sccm) as working gases at 850 °C. In electrolysis mode, as the electrolysis voltage was 1.3 V, the electrolysis current density reached 425 mA cm⁻² with H₂ (35 sccm) and N₂ (70 sccm) adsorbed 47% steam as working gases in hydrogen electrode at 850 °C. The stability of tubular SOCs was related to the ratio of NiO/YSZ in the support. The sample with NiO/YSZ = 60/40 shows a better performance than the sample with NiO/YSZ = 50/50.