GSM短消息在粮仓监控系统中的应用

本文介绍了GSM短消息在粮仓监控制系统中的应用,详细阐述了基于GSM短消息的无线监控通信终端的设计原理和实现方案。     

07Cr12NiMoVNb耐热钢疲劳性能研究

对07Cr12NiMoVNb钢进行了常温和550℃旋转弯曲疲劳试验,结果表明,此钢不同晶粒度时疲劳断裂行为相近,室温疲劳强度与静强度关系符合奥金格经验公式,高温疲劳强度与静强度有关,但直线关系的系数不同于常温的,需重新总结。晶粒度大小影响疲劳强度,但室温表现的不明显,550℃表现为细晶钢疲劳强度高,这正好与蠕变行为相反,粗晶钢表现出较高的蠕变强度。     

Influence of Silicon Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Piston Alloys

In this paper, the influence of silicon particle morphology on mechanical properties of two piston alloys has been reported. Alloys having nominal composition Al-12%Si-1%Ni-0.8%Cu-0.6%Mg (LM13) and Al-17%Si-1%Ni-0.8%Cu-0.6%Mg (LM28) were prepared by melting and casting. The morphology of silicon crystals was changed using additives during the melt treatment and subsequently by heat treatment. Mechanical properties such as hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of experimental alloys were tested. Test results showed that the melt treatment and heat treatment of both the alloys increased the tensile strength, hardness, and ductility. However, the influence of melt treatment on mechanical properties was not as significant as that of heat treatment. Tensile strength and ductility of LM13 was found to be higher than the LM28 alloy under similar conditions. Hardness of LM28 was higher than the LM13 alloy. Optical and SEM studies showed a change in eutectic silicon morphology on melt treatment of LM13. However, change in morphology of primary silicon particles was not significant as for LM28. Heat treatment of both alloys caused spheroidization and better distribution of eutectic silicon crystals. Sharp-edged primary silicon particles were rounded off after the heat treatment of LM28. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of tensile fractured surfaces was carried out to study the influence of microstructure on fracture mode. Heat treatment of both alloys promotes dimple fracture. However, as-cast and melt-treated alloys show predominantly cleavage fracture.     

A study of the influence of grain boundaries on short crack growth during varying load using a dislocation technique

The propagation of short cracks in the neighbourhood of grain boundaries have been investigated using a technique were the crack is modelled by distributed dislocation dipoles and the plastic deformation is represented by discrete dislocations. Discrete dislocations are emitted from the crack tip as the crack grows. Dislocations can also nucleate at the grain boundaries. The influence on crack growth characteristics of the distance between the initial crack tip and the grain boundary has been studied. It was found that crack growth rate is strongly correlated to the dislocation pile-ups at the grain boundaries.     

微合金钢中板热轧时晶粒尺寸的模拟计算

通过Φ180mm× 2 0 0mm二辊实验轧机对成分 (% )为 0 0 5 3C 1 5 6Mn 0 0 4 6Nb 0 2 5Mo 0 0 14Ti 0 0 0 12B微合金化钢的轧制实验 ,验证了新建立的热轧板带晶粒尺寸的仿真模拟系统 ,得出晶粒尺寸的仿真计算值与实测值的相对误差≤ 8 3% ,并对该微合金钢 9道次 2 2 0 0mm× 14mm中板轧制时各道次钢板晶粒尺寸进行了计算。结果表明 ,精轧各道次均没有发生动态再结晶 ,在板厚 5 1 6mm轧至 2 2 0mm的 1～ 5道次 ,晶粒尺寸显著减小 ,由 4 5 μm降至 10 μm ,在板厚 2 2 0mm轧至 14 0mm的 6～ 9道次 ,晶粒尺寸减小不显著 ,由10 μm降至 7 5 μm     

The effect of anisotropic reflectance on imaging spectroscopy of snow properties

How does snow's anisotropic directional reflectance affect the mapping of snow properties from imaging spectrometer data? This sensitivity study applies two spectroscopy models to synthetic images of the spectral hemispherical-directional reflectance factor (HDRF) with prescribed snow-covered area and snow grain size. The MEMSCAG model determines both sub-pixel snow-covered area and the grain size of the fractional snow cover. The Nolin/Dozier model analyzes the ice absorption feature that spans wavelength λ≅1.03 μm to estimate snow grain radius when the pixel is fully snow-covered. Retrievals of subpixel snow-covered area with MEMSCAG are progressively more sensitive to the HDRF as grain size decreases, solar zenith angle increases, and fractional snow cover increases. The model overestimates snow cover in the forward reflectance angles by up to +20% and underestimates it in the backward reflectance angles by as much as −15%. Grain size retrievals from both MEMSCAG and Nolin/Dozier are more sensitive to anisotropy as grain size and solar zenith angle increase. MEMSCAG retrievals of grain size are insensitive to snow-covered area. The largest inferred grain sizes occur around a peak in the backward reflectance angles and the smallest generally occur at the largest view angles in the forward direction. Retrievals of albedo from MEMSCAG and Nolin/Dozier are similarly sensitive to anisotropy, with albedo errors up to 5% for a 30° solar zenith angle and up to 10% at 60°. The albedo differences between the two models are less than 0.015 for all grain sizes and solar zenith angles.     

粮食水分在线检测控制系统

介绍了一种用于颗粒状粮食水分在线检测控制系统。该系统将圆柱型结构的粮食水分检测传感器置于干燥设备的出口、入口处，粮食水分变化导致传感器电容量变化，经过精密的信号采集、转换与处理，完成粮食水分的在线实时检测。该传感器还借助微处理器对测量信号的非线性与温度漂移进行了数字化的修正和补偿。反馈信号输出控制变频器，从而实现控制排粮机构运行转速。根据需要，该系统可以增加打印干燥机的多个工作参量，实现对料位及热风温度的控制等辅助功能以及自动报警功能。     

The role of grain boundary energy in grain boundary complexion transitions

Recent findings about the role of the grain boundary energy in complexion transitions are reviewed. Grain boundary energy distributions are most commonly evaluated using measurements of grain boundary thermal grooves. The measurements demonstrate that when a stable high temperature complexion co-exists with a metastable low temperature complexion, the stable complexion has a lower energy. It has also been found that the changes in the grain boundary energy lead to changes in the grain boundary character distribution. Finally, recent experimental observations are consistent with the theoretical prediction that higher energy grain boundaries transform at lower temperatures than relatively lower energy grain boundaries. To better control microstructures developed through grain growth, it is necessary to learn more about the mechanism and kinetics of complexion transitions.     

Coarsening of boron carbide grains during the infiltration of porous boron carbide preforms by molten silicon

This work investigates the coarsening of boron carbide grains during the infiltration of porous boron carbide preforms by molten silicon with respect to fabrication of reaction-bonded boron carbide ceramics. Experimental results reveal that the shape of boron carbide grains evolve from the irregular shape to faceted shape due to dissolution-precipitation during infiltration. For infiltration temperatures below 1750 °C, the boron carbide grains are irregular and exhibit an unimodal size distribution, which can be ascribed to the normal grain growth. The growth of the irregular grains follow a cubic law of diffusion control. In contrast, for infiltration temperatures above 1750 °C, the boron carbide grains become faceted and exhibit a bimodal size distribution, indicative of the typical abnormal grain growth. The abnormal growth of faceted grains is proposed to be controlled by coalescence-enhanced two-dimensional nucleation.     

Grain boundary complexions and pseudopartial wetting

The important class of grain boundary (GB) complexions includes the few nanometer thick layers having composition which strongly differs from that of the abutting grains. Such GB complexions are frequently called intergranular films (IGFs) and can be observed close to the lines of wetting, prewetting and premelting complexion transitions in the bulk phase diagrams. In the majority of systems, the direct transition between complete and partial GB wetting takes place (by changing temperature, pressure, etc.). However, in certain conditions the so-called pseudopartial (or pseudoincomplete, or frustrated complete) GB wetting appears in a phase diagram between complete and partial wetting. In case of pseudopartial GB wetting, the thin GB layer of a complexion (IGF or 2-D interfacial phase) can coexist with large droplets (or particles) of the wetting phase with a non-zero dihedral (contact) angle. Thus, such IGFs can be observed in the two-phase (or multiphase) fields of bulk phase diagrams, in the broad intervals of concentrations, temperature and/or pressure. The IGFs driven by the pseudopartial GB wetting can drastically modify the properties of polycrystals. In this review, we discuss this phenomenon for the technologically important Fe–Nd–B-based hard magnetic alloys, WC–Co cemented carbides and Al-based light alloys.