单填料函滑动管板式换热器密封结构的设计

自行设计了一台单填料函滑动管板式换热器代替进口设备，运转良好。本文着重介绍该设备密封结构的设计。     

管壳式换热器管束振动分析及防振措施

针对管壳式换热器常见的振动破坏形式 ,全面分析了管束振动的机理 ,并提出了相应的抗振措施     

Enhanced surface morphologies of screen-printed carbon nanotube films by heat treatment and their field-emission properties

A heating process for obtaining free-standing carbon nanotube emitters is presented with the aim of improving field-emission properties from the screen-printed multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) films. Using an atmosphere with an optimum combination of nitrogen and air for heat treatment of CNT films, the CNT emitters can be made to protrude from the surface. This allows for a high emission current and the formation of very uniform emission sites without special surface treatment. The morphological change of the CNT film by this technique has eliminated additional processing steps, such as surface treatment which may result in secondary contamination and damage to the film. Despite its simplicity the process provides a high reproducibility in emission current density which makes the films suitable for practical applications.     

蒸发段长度与充液量对高温钠热管启动过程的影响

通过对 7根结构参数不同、充液量不同的高温钠热管进行实验研究 ,给出各种情况下高温钠热管启动过程中温度随时间变化曲线 ,分析了蒸发段长度的变化及充液量的变化对高温钠热管启动过程的影响。实验结果表明直径为 2mm ,长 1 0 0 0mm的钠热管 ,蒸发段长度为 5 80mm且充有 78～ 90 g左右的充液量 ,其启动运行工作为最佳     

脱乙烷系统参数优化

吉化300kt/a乙烯装置脱乙烷系统采用德国Linde公司双塔双压前脱乙烷技术，自1996年开始以来，运行良好，通过工程技术人员近两年的探索实践，对其工艺参数做了较大的优化调整，取得了较好的经济效益。     

Evaporative Heat Transfer of Annular Two-phase Flow of Air-water in a Small Vertical Tube

The evaporative heat transfer of the non-boiling annular two-phase flow of air-water in a small vertical tube with uniform wall heat flux was studied both theoretically and experimentally. A simplified two-phase flow boundary layer model was used to calculate the thickness of the water film attached to the wall, and from the liquid film thickness the evaporative heat transfer coefficients of the annular two-phase flow were obtained. Theoretical equations and semi-theoretical equations were proposed for predicting the evaporative heat transfer of the annular two-phase flow of air-water in a small vertical tube. The semi-theoretical prediction agrees well with the experimental data. The mechanism of the heat transfer enhancement is the evaporation of the thin liquid film attached on the wall.     

Frictional wear in high temperature thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers: correlation with glass transitions

Wholly aromatic thermotropic main chain liquid crystalline copolymers (LCPs) with varying glass transitions (T_g) were tested for wear resistance, particularly under high friction conditions, where surface temperatures can rise. Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy and DSC were used to characterize molecular relaxations. Three copolyester LCPs which all contain a substantial fraction of main chain 1,4-phenyl groups were chosen for this study. These included semi-crystalline Vectra^® A900, a semi-crystalline LCP containing phenyl hydroquinone (phHQ-LCP), and a low crystallinity LCP containing t-butyl substituted hydroquinone (t-butylLCP). These have glass transitions of 100, 160 and 175 °C, respectively, and heat deflection temperatures (HDTs) of 170, 260 and 174 °C, respectively. HDT is dependent in part on crystallinity. The wear performance was found to depend mainly on T_g and not HDT, suggesting a microscopic failure mechanism related to the amorphous phase. This is supported by the relatively poor elevated temperature wear performance of Vectra^® compared to the higher T_g LCPs. Shear strength measurements on the neat LCP resins did not correlate with wear properties of the blends, most likely because the measurements were made at room temperature and not elevated temperatures.     

HEAT TRANSFER IN A THIN LIQUID FILM IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ELECTRIC FIELD

Heat transfer enhancement in an evaporating thin liquid film utilizing a electric field under isothermal interfacial condition is presented. A new mathematical model subjected to van der Waals attractive forces, capillary pressure, and an electric field is developed to describe the heat transfer enhancement in the evaporating thin liquid film. The effect of the electrostatic field on the curvature of the thin film, evaporative flux, pressure gradient distribution, heat flux, and heat transfer coefficient in the thin film is presented. The results show that applying an electric field can enhance heat transfer in a thin liquid film significantly. In addition, utilizing electric fields on the evaporating film will be a way to expand the extended meniscus region to attain high heat transfer coefficients and high rates of heat flux.     

横掠椭圆钉头管换热及流阻特性的实验研究

利用热质比拟原理及萘升华技术 ,对空气横掠椭圆钉头管时的对流换热及流阻特性进行了研究。对管面上及椭圆钉头上的对流换热系数分别进行了测量 ,通过计算得到总体换热系数及流动阻力的实验关联式。实验结果表明 ,椭圆钉头管的对流换热系数高于光管 ,在实验规定的雷诺数范围内 ,椭圆钉头管的流阻小于圆形钉头管 ,有时也低于光管     

Inverse solution for a biochemical heat source in a porous medium in the presence of natural convection

The inverse problem approach by conjugate gradient with adjoint equations is adapted to the context of a non-isothermal bioprocess, controlled by internal heat generation from microbial oxidation, as could be found in a composting reactor for instance, to determine the heat source from internal temperature measurements. The volumetric heat source is assumed proportional to the rate of consumption of a substrate by a biomass, as described by a Monod model. Computations are performed for Rayleigh numbers equal to 0.25 and 25, for a representative biochemical reaction under typical boundary conditions, for constant and temperature-dependent model parameters. The influence of noisy input data is also considered. It is found that good solutions can be obtained when heat release and diffusion occur over very different time scales. The variation of the model parameters with temperature must be taken into account, but single sensor solutions are possible at relatively small Rayleigh numbers when convection is present.