供电企业信息作业风险评估研究

在深入研究事故致因理论、事故风险管理和供电企业生产作业风险管理的基础上,提出了供电企业信息作业风险评估的模型和方法。有助于供电企业建立一套基于风险管理的信息作业指导书,为信息运维人员提供安全作业操作规范,减少安全事故的发生。     

A small samples training framework for deep Learning-based automatic information extraction: Case study of construction accident news reports analysis

Knowledge management is crucial for construction safety management. Widely collected and well-organized safety-related documents are recognized to be significant in raising the workers' security awareness and then to prevent hazards and accidents. To improve document processing efficiency, automatic information extraction plays an important role. However, currently, automatic information extraction modeling requires large scale training datasets. It is a big challenge for the engineering industry, especially for the fields which heavily rely on the experts’ knowledge. Limited data sources, and high time and labor costs make it not practical to establish a large-scale dataset. This work proposed a natural language data augmentation-based small samples training framework for automatic information extraction modeling. With the designed cross combination-based text data augmentation algorithm, the deep neural network can be employed to build up automatic information extraction models without large-scale raw data and manual annotations. Characters semantic coding is employed to avoid word segmentation and make sure that the framework can be utilized in different writing language systems. The BiLSTM-CRF model is adopted as the detection core to conduct character classification. Through a case study of two independent accident news report datasets analysis, the proposed framework has been validated. A reliable and robust automatic information extraction model can be established, even though with small samples training.     

The impact of CCT on driving safety in the normal and accident situation: A VR-based experimental study

Correlated color temperature (CCT) of the light source inside the road tunnel plays a crucial role in ensuring driving safety, which is demonstrated by previous studies that CCT influences not only visual effects but also non-visual effects. Although conventional laboratory experiments could simulate the CCT environment inside the tunnel to some extent, they fail to restore driving experience, let alone simulate driving behavior in the accident situation. It has largely remained unclear whether and how CCT would influence visual/non-visual performance of the subjects who are performing driving tasks, especially in the accident situation. Motivated by this gap, a virtual-reality-based framework for assessing the influence of CCT on the visual and non/visual performance in normal driving situation and in accident situation was proposed. In this study, tunnel models under seven different CCTs were created and a rear-end accident was designed in the tunnel. By integrating analog driving equipment, all participants were required to perform virtual driving tasks both in the normal situation and in the accident situation. The non-visual performance (driving fatigue) and the visual performance (reaction time) of the participants were collected and analyzed. Results show that the CCT of light source inside the tunnel was significant on the driving fatigue of the driver who was performing driving task, and it also had a significant impact on the visual performance when the driver was faced with a rear-end accident. Detailed experimental methodology, behavioral explanations underlying these findings, validity of results and practical implications are also discussed in the paper.     

防误操作新型电力短路接地线的研制

挂接地线误操作导致的恶性误操作事故时有发生.提出了一种全新的智能化电力短路接地线,该接地线具备完善的报警功能,能有效避免带电误挂接地线或漏拆接地线合闸送电的误操作事故.     

裸置海底自沉降热油管道泄漏扩散的数值研究

根据计算流体力学建立海底海泥区域与海水区域的流固耦合传热多相流模型,海泥区域视为饱和含水多孔介质。运用软件模拟了裸置在海底的热油管道在输送过程中泄漏后原油在海泥和海水中的分布情况和温度场的变化情况,并对不同的泄漏点进行了分析。模拟时考虑了裸置海底管道的自沉降和海水中压强的影响。模拟结果表明,泄漏点对泄漏原油的扩散分布有很大影响;当泄漏点在土壤区域开始泄漏时,原油在土壤中呈弧形分布,过一段时间后沿土壤与管道外保温层流入海水中,顶端呈现喷射形,两侧呈螺旋状,并逐渐向海面流动;当泄漏点在海水区域时,泄漏的原油呈现喷射形,在浮力的作用下逐渐向海面流动;泄漏位置不同,海水和海泥温度场的分布有很大差异。海水区域和海泥区域的交界面对原油分布和温度场分布有很大影响。     

基于NN的无信号混合交通交叉口自行车冲突避让行为建模仿真

在我国城市无信号交叉口,自行车与混合交通流的其他车辆(如机动车、自行车、行人)的冲突避让行为,难以通过传统数学方法建立准确的仿真模型.本文在以往交叉口自行车微观模型基础上,采用冲突车辆与自行车的相对位置矢量、相对速度矢量以及期望速度与实际速度相对矢量作为输入,自行车二维空间加速度矢量作为双输出的神经网络建立数学模型.利用实地采集自行车-机动车冲突、自行车-自行车冲突和自行车-行人冲突样本数据,进行神经网络训练和仿真验证,并对骑车者性别、冲突车辆类型和冲突速度进行了模型灵敏度分析.结果表明,模型能较好地反映无信号交叉口自行车与其他车辆及障碍物的冲突避让行为.     

省煤器联箱接管座与管排焊接接头泄漏原因分析

通过宏观分析、化学组成分析、金相分析、扫描电镜分析等方法,对省煤器联箱接管座与管排焊接接头泄漏原因进行了分析。结果表明,焊接管化学成分、换算强度均符合GB5310—2008标准要求。熔合区、过热区晶粒组织粗大,甚至形成魏氏组织,使这一区域性能弱化。省煤器联箱接管座与管排焊接接头穿孔是因应力作用下在熔合区、过热区薄弱处首先产生微裂纹,启裂后虽未形成贯穿裂纹,但微裂纹导致缝隙腐蚀,缝隙腐蚀加速裂纹由内向外深化和扩展直至穿孔,产生泄漏。     

声发射技术在阀门检漏中的应用

提出采用声发射技术检测阀门的泄漏，介绍了声发射检测原理、声发射传感器的制作方式以及信号处理方式。试验和实际检测证明，采用声发射技术检测阀门的泄漏是可行的，检测简便、快捷、准确，扩大了声发射技术的应用范围，有效地监控了阀门的泄漏状况。     

探究用电检查管理中营配信息集成的重要作用

随着我国经济和科学技术的不断发展,用电检查也应从传统的实地管理模式转为自动化、信息化的管理模式。详细阐述、分析了营配信息集成在用电检查工作中的作用。     

CNG加气站爆炸燃烧的交通疏散仿真分析

随着石油资源的日益短缺和国家能源战略的调整,环保要求和汽车技术的不断提高,燃气车辆不断增多,与之相对应的车用加气站的数量也越来越多。但是接连发生的加气站燃气泄漏与火灾事故使得加气站的使用安全问题成为日益关注的问题。当加气站出现燃气泄漏与火灾事故时,天然气未立即着火可形成爆炸气体云团,遇火就会发生爆炸,在危险距离以内,人会受到爆炸冲击波的伤害。重点将对CNG加气站爆炸事故后的交通疏散条件制定分级标准,结合实例采用计算机软件仿真疏散分析,对以后进行新建加气站的安全评估分析工作开展提供定量依据。