罕见硒矿中国蕴藏

全球罕见的独立硒矿,于本世纪在玻利维亚的帕卡哈卡问世,当时它是全世界独一无二的硒矿床。由于人类对自然界认识的深化,现在硒被广泛地应用于工业、医药、食品、电器、复印等方面。可是,因为硒原料来源稀少,现时严重短缺,形成物以稀为贵的局面,其价格不断上涨,所以激发了各个国家的矿业界找矿热情。我国近几年来,在长江中下游地区、鄂西南、陕南及甘南有所突破,现已探明白家嘴子及城门山特大型硒矿床,德兴、大宝山及拉尔玛大型硒矿床,金堆城及大石沟中型硒矿床,渔塘坝和双河小型硒矿床,不但使我国对硒的需求得以缓解,而且使中国跃居世界首位,成为“硒矿王国”。     

地方病高发区成井用胶质水泥浆的试验研究

通过地方病高发区成井用胶质水泥浆的试验研究，以普通水泥和膨润土为基本材料，同时添加改善材料性能的外加剂，研制了一种用于高砷、高氟、高矿化度地区水井成井的止水材料，具有流动性好、抗渗性高、不收缩、完全无毒、价格低廉等特点，特别是其高抗渗性和不收缩性非常适合地方病区成井时隔离劣质含水层，保证优质含水层与劣质含水层互不串通、不渗漏、不污染。     

焊接热输入对近焊缝区组织性能的影响

采用焊接热模拟技术模拟不同焊接热输入条件下,峰值温度为1 350℃时对应近焊缝区的组织和性能,并对母材进行宏观力学特性测试;对比分析不同焊接热输入条件下所得近焊缝区的组织和性能。结果表明:经过3种不同焊接热输入所得近焊缝区的组织均由板条状贝氏体和少量碳化物组成;随着焊接热输入的增加,近焊缝区组织晶粒变大,贝氏体板条束变粗变厚,析出的碳化物数量增多,并且强度降低、韧性增强,但总体上跟母材的性能基本一致;当焊接线能量为12 kJ/cm时近焊缝区达到最佳的强韧性匹配。     

火区综合治理技术研究与应用

改扩建矿井在建设期间,经常要用到矿井部分老巷道,这些老巷道顶帮普遍存在高冒区和破碎煤体松动裂隙区,容易引发火灾。针对这一问题,通过对金地煤业13号煤层火区治理的实践,获得了高冒区和破碎煤体松动裂隙区煤体的氧化、自燃及发生和发展规律,积累了大量火区治理技术和火区管理方面的经验,对其他矿区的火灾治理具有重要的借鉴意义。     

宁东地区延安组泥页岩油气资源勘探潜力评价

宁东地区延安组沉积有泥页岩岩层,该套泥页岩至今仍是页岩油气资源勘探的盲区。本文通过对宁东地区的泥页岩野外露头和岩芯样品进行泥页岩基本性质的测定,发现研究区延安组泥页岩粘土矿物含量较高,有机碳含量高,干酪根类型以Ⅱ2型为主。但是,此套泥页岩的有机质成熟度较低,未达到烃源岩生烃门限,因此不具备页岩气的勘探潜力。同时,通过对泥页岩进行含油率的测定和岩石热解分析,发现其含油率及生油潜量达不到油页岩的标准,因此研究区延安组也不具备油页岩的勘探潜力。     

Role of activated carbon on micropollutans degradation by ionizing radiation

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the presence of activated carbon on the degradation of the triiodinated contrast medium diatrizoate (DTZ) by the simultaneous use of gamma radiation and activated carbon. Four commercial activated carbons (Ceca, Witco, Sorbo, and Merck) with different textural and chemical characteristics were used for this purpose. The percentage DTZ removal obtained was considerably higher with the gamma radiation/activated carbon (GM/AC) system than with radiolysis in the absence of activated carbon, and it depended on the specific activated carbon employed. First, we optimized the amount of activated carbon required to maximize the amount of DTZ removed by the GM/AC system (0.06 g). The degradation constants were higher with the GM/AC system than with radiolysis alone, evidencing a synergic effect that favors pollutant removal. This synergic effect is independent of the textural but not the chemical characteristics of the activated carbon, observing a higher synergic activity for carbons with a higher surface content of oxygen, specifically quinone groups. We also highlight that the synergic effect of the activated carbon requires adsorbent–adsorbate electrostatic interaction and is absent when this interaction is hindered.     

Effect of Constant‐Rate Reduction on the Performance of a Ternary Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalyst in Methanol Synthesis

A multi‐functional flow set‐up was developed for the rate‐ and temperature‐controlled reduction of copper catalysts, their application in high‐pressure methanol synthesis and the determination of the copper surface area by N₂O frontal chromatography. The influence of constant‐rate reduction on the catalytic properties of a ternary Cu/ZnO/Al₂O₃ catalyst was investigated. The temperature during the constant‐rate reduction was found to decrease, indicating autocatalytic kinetics, but no significant catalytic effect of the milder reduction conditions was observed compared with a slow linear heating ramp.     

吴起地区吴410井区长6储层特征研究

通过储层砂体岩芯观察、铸体薄片鉴定、粘土矿物X衍射分析、扫描电镜,压汞测定等方法,得出吴起地区吴410井区长6储层岩石学特征,物性特征以及储集特征,分别为长6储属于低孔低渗储层;储层岩性以长石砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩为主,胶结物主要为绿泥石,伊利石,铁方解石等;孔隙空间主要有粒间孔,长石溶孔和微孔隙三大类。通过对储层特征研究,可为下一步勘探开发提供地址依据。     

志丹地区长6河道体系分析及油藏富集规律

志丹地区是陕北斜坡带主要的油气富集地区之一。通过对长6油层组的研究发现河道砂体沉积是影响储层的主要因素。因此本文针对长6河道体系的分析以及油藏富集规律的研究,对河道砂体的展布、油藏的富集有了一定的认识,有利于指导下一步井位部署和有利目标优选工作。