Water modification of PEG-derived VPO for the partial oxidation of propane

In this study, the PEG-derived VPO precursors were subject to water refluxing (90 °C, 8 h) and in situ activation in a steam-containing environment. For comparison, the VPO precursors without water refluxing were also activated in a similar manner. The IR measurement indicated that the majority of PEG in the precursor has been removed during water refluxing, and the VPO is essentially unenwrapped by PEG. The consequence is an increase of particle size and crystallinity of VPO as well as decreases in surface acidity and site density. The activation of catalysts in a stream-containing environment has an influence on the content of V⁵⁺ species and on the reduction behavior of the VPO catalysts. The VPO catalyst activated with 20% water vapor (by volume) in the feed shows the highest crystallinity. Compared with the non-PEG-derived VPO precursor, the PEG-derived one undergoes structure changes of higher severity during the water/steam treatments. The VPO catalyst generated from the PEG-derived precursor with water refluxing and activated with steam (20%) exhibited a propane conversion of 25% and a (AA + HAc) selectivity of 70%. The superior catalyst behavior can be interpreted in terms of the higher crystallinity of the (VO)₂P₂O₇ phase, the lower content of V⁵⁺ species, and the milder surface acidity as caused by the water/steam treatments.     

非增粘型钻井液降滤失剂AM／MA／AMPS共聚物

本文报道的研究结果表明，分子量相对较低的AM／MA／AMPS共聚物可用作钻井液的降滤失剂而不显著增加钻井液的粘度。在本工作中通过考察单体比例、引发剂用量、反应温度等的影响，得出了合成共聚物降滤失剂的最佳配方和条件，考察了所得共聚物在淡水、饱和盐水、钙污染基浆中的降滤失性能及抗温抗污染能力。     

Effect of Rare Earth Additives on the Catalytic Property ofVanadium－Phosphorus Catalyst

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富马酸二甲酯的合成及应用

本文叙述了富马酸二甲酯的性质、合成方法和用途     

烟草中抑芽丹残留量的测定

采用ISO 4876-1980规定的方法测定了239个国产烟叶、49个进口烟叶和12个进口卷烟样品中的抑芽丹残留量。结果表明:国产烟叶抑芽丹的检出率为6.69%,最高54.00mg/kg,最低1.50mg/kg,平均6.82mg/kg;进口卷烟检出率为58.33%,最高42.75mg/kg,最低7.75mg/kg,平均17.57mg/kg;进口烟叶检出率为30.61%,最高14.00mg/kg,最低1.50mg/kg,平均5.63mg/kg。     

Catalytic oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride enhanced yields in the presence of CO2 in the reactor feed

The addition of CO₂ to the reaction mixture for the oxidation of butane over a VPO catalyst gives rise to significantly improved yields of maleic anhydride.     

马来酸酐法分析汽油中共轭二烯烃可靠性探讨

研究了测定含烯汽油中共轭二烯烃含量的马来酸酐法（ＵＯＰ—３２６法）的准确性问题．ＵＯＰ—３２６法基于马来酸酐与共轭二烯烃的双烯合成反应机理，由于汽油中含有各种不同取代基和立体构象的共轭二烯烃，取代基团越大反应越困难．以所带取代基团最小（－ＣＨ３）和碳数最少的共轭二烯──２－甲基─１，３─丁二烯（以下称异二烯）为例．考察了在不同条件下的转化率，用毛细管气相色谱法测定异戊二烯含量，结果表明，在最佳反应条件及有催化剂存在下，转化率最高为７６．３％．因此，ＵＯＰ—３２６法不能准确测定汽油中共轭二烯烃含量．     

C_5和C_9石油树脂改性制备吸音矿棉板防水剂的研究

研究了改性制备C5、C9混合石油树脂乳液的方法,主要讨论了C5、C9混合的最佳质量配比,改性剂马来酸酐及分散剂马来松香的用量,改性时间和碱液用量对乳液性能的影响。实验结果表明,最佳制备工艺条件为:C5石油树脂与C9石油树脂混合质量比为1∶3;改性时间为3h;改性温度为200℃;马来酸酐质量分数为1.5%;马来松香质量分数为9%;碱液为NaOH溶液,质量分数为2%。混合石油树脂乳液与石蜡乳液混合质量比为1∶2,制备出了吸音矿棉板防水剂。     

溶聚丁苯橡胶接枝MAH的性能研究

溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)由于其优良的耐磨、耐低温等性能,主要用于轮胎的胎面、胎体和胎侧等部位,但由于SSBR是一种非极性橡胶,使得它与白炭黑等极性填料的结合力较弱。为了提高SSBR与白炭黑的相容性,以马来酸酐(MAH)为极性单体对SSBR进行接枝改性。研究了接枝聚合物(SSBR-g-MAH)与白炭黑共混后的胶料的各项性能,探讨了接枝率对胶料性能的影响。结果表明,溶聚丁苯橡胶接枝了MAH后,接触角降低,门尼黏度增大,硫化时间延长,胶料的综合力学性能有不同程度的提高。动态力学(DTMA)测试表明,接枝MAH后实现了胶料抗湿滑性能的提高和滚动阻力的降低,为轮胎胎面胶提供了理想的材料。     

精馏分水—锅法合成富马酸二甲酯

以顺酐为原料,磷钨酸为酯化催化剂,一种含溴的氧化剂为异构化催化剂,通过精馏分水,一锅法合成富马酸二甲酯。考察了酯化时间、酯化催化剂用量、酐醇摩尔比、异构化催化剂用量、异构化温度、异构化时间等因素对反应产率的影响,并得到了最佳工艺条件,即顺n(酐)∶n(甲醇)=1∶8,磷钨酸的用量为顺酐用量的6％,酯化回流4h,蒸出过量甲醇,然后加入顺酐用量1.6％的异构化催化剂,在95～105℃温度下反应30min,产率超过77%。精馏分水法较好地解决了甲酯化反应去水的问题;所采用的酯化催化剂和异构化催化剂对设备腐蚀较小,产品后处理简单,无三废。并且探讨了异构化机理。