硫脲纤维素分离富集火焰原子吸收法测定地质样品中痕量金

在王水介质中，使用硫脲纤维素吸附以除去金矿中其他离子的干扰，被吸附的金用硫脲溶液解脱并用原子吸收光谱测定。本法研究了分离和测定的条件，方法已成功地应用于地质样品中痕量金的测定。     

硫脲改性壳聚糖微球对Pt~(4+)和Pd~(2+)的吸附特性Ⅰ.吸附平衡和动力学

利用反相乳液法制备了壳聚糖微球,并经硫脲改性得到硫脲改性壳聚糖微球(TCS),将其用于吸附Pt4+和Pd2+,考察了TCS对Pt4+和Pd2+的吸附特性;利用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和N2吸附-脱附等方法对TCS进行了表征。表征结果显示,TCS的粒径为10～30μm、比表面积为95.6m2/g、平均孔径为12.6nm、孔体积为0.298cm3/g。实验结果表明,在pH=2时,TCS对Pt4+和Pd2+的吸附性能最佳;吸附动力学可用拟二级模型拟合,表明TCS对Pt4+和Pd2+的吸附以化学吸附反应为主;吸附等温线可用Langmuir模型拟合,Pt4+和Pd2+的饱和吸附容量分别为129.87,112.36mg/g。双组分吸附实验结果表明,TCS对Pt4+和Pd2+有良好的吸附选择性,可实现Pt4+(或Pd2+)与Cu2+,Pb2+,Cd2+,Zn2+,Ca2+的选择性分离。     

Current developments in chemistry,coordination, structure and biological aspects of 1-(acyl/aroyl)-3- (substituted)thioureas: advances Continue …

1-(acyl/aroyl)-3-(substituted)thioureas are exciting structures in the fields of organic synthesis, material sciences, and biomedical research. Of particular significance is the fact that acyl thiourea derivatives have been demonstrated to be highly exceptional ligands and their coordination compounds have extensively been investigated in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemical ingredients. Moreover, these structural motifs are enjoying the prestigious status as versatile synthons in heterocyclic syntheses. Therefore, the progress to introduce functionalization on the backbone of 1-(acyl/aroyl)-3-(substituted)thioureas is highly desirable. This account summarizes our efforts to capture recent documented achievements by various research groups.     

α–ω Alkenyl-bis-S-Guanidine Thiourea Dihydrobromide Affects HeLa Cell Growth Hampering Tubulin Polymerization

Cancer is going to be the first cause of mortality worldwide in the 21th century. It is considered a multifactorial disease that results from the combined influence of many genetic aberrations, leading to abnormal cell proliferation. As microtubules are strongly implicated in cellular growth, they represent an important target for cancer treatment. The well-known microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) including paclitaxel, colchicine and vinca alkaloids are commonly used in the treatment of various cancers. However, adverse effects and drug resistance are major limitations in their clinical use. To find new candidates able to induce microtubule alteration with reduced toxic effects or drug resistance, we studied a small new series of derivatives that present imidazolinic, guanidinic, thioureidic and hydrazinic groups ( 1 – 9 ). All the compounds were tested for their antitumor activity against a panel of six tumoral cell models. In particular, compound 8 (nonane-1,9-diyl-bis-S-amidinothiourea dihydrobromide) showed the lowest IC₅₀ value against HeLa cells, together with a low cytotoxicity for normal cells. This compound was able to induce the apoptotic mitochondrial pathway and inhibited tubulin polymerization with a similar efficacy to vinblastine and nocodazole. Taken together, these promising biological properties make compound 8 useful for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment.     

From agrowaste to graphene nanosheets: chemistry and synthesis

In recent years, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) are being produced using graphite powder as precursor material but the preparation of graphene derivatives from a non-graphitic material without an additional oxidizing agent has not been reported so far. In this work, an agrowaste namely sugarcane bagasse was subjected to pyrolysis at three different temperatures, bypassing the use of toxic chemicals and graphite as a precursor. The chemistry of the effect of temperature and time on the development of graphitic planes in a non-graphitic material was studied. The formation of nanosheets of GO suggested that aromatization and condensation of the glucose monomers might have taken place which led to the glycosidic bond formation, further converging into polyaromatic rings on pyrolysis. The GO was further reduced at 95?°C using thiourea which resulted in the formation of r-GO after 8?hrs.     

Anodic dissolution of gold in alkaline solutions containing thiourea, thiosulfate and sulfite ions

Gld dissolves electrochemically in alkaline solutions containing ligands to form complex ions with gold ion.Therefore,selective leaching of noble metals is expected without dissolution of base metals such as steels,aluminum alloys in scrap treatment.Gold electrodes were investigated using linear sweep voltammetry,EQCM method and potentiostatic eclectrolysis in alkaline solutions containing thiourea,Na2SO3 and Na2S2O3.The solution composition,electrode potential affect gold dissolution rate and current efficiency.The gold dissolved from anode electrode forms complex ions,suspension particles as compound precipitates and deposits on cathode electrode as a metal.Anodic efficiency for gold dissolution is between 10% and 22%.This is caused by the oxidation decomposition of sulfite ions and thiourea.The statbility of the alkaline solution containing these elements was also estimated by capillary electrophoresis technique.     

PCB铜基表面非钯活化化学镀镍的研究

印刷电路板(PCB)铜线路借助钯活化的化学镀镍法不但价格昂贵,而且容易造成溢镀,因此开发非钯活化的化学镀镍工艺具有重要意义。以硫脲为铜的强配位剂,通过降低铜电极的电极电位,开发出了先在铜表面置换预镀薄镍层、再自催化化学镀镍的新工艺。镀镍工艺流程为除油、除锈、微刻蚀、预镀镍、激活、化学镀镍。扫描电镜(SEM)观察显示得到的镍镀层平整、均匀、致密。EDS谱分析结果显示镀层主要由镍和磷组成,含量分别约为92%和6%,X射线荧光衍射仪(EDXRF)测得镀层厚度为5.95μm,镀层的沉积速率约为14.19μm/h。镀层与基体结合力良好,后续镀金层在镍镀层上附着力良好。     

不凝液体骨胶的研制

针对市售骨胶为固体干胶，使用时需溶化并需加热使其保持液态的情况，研制出一种不凝液体骨胶，即在胶液中加入防凝剂、防腐剂、防冻剂，使骨胶一直保持液态。通过大量实验，确定硫脲或硫氰酸钠作防凝剂、甲醇作防冻剂、苯甲酸钠作防腐剂。防凝剂用量为８～１４（每１００份胶液中加入的试剂份数），防腐剂用量为０．１～０．２。该骨胶使用方便，可以四季贮存。     

水相法合成邻氯苯基硫脲

以邻氯苯胺和硫氰酸铵为原料,在水溶液中合成邻氯苯基硫脲,探讨了原料配比、反应温度、反应时间对收率的影响。得到优惠工艺条件:邻氯苯胺与硫氰酸铵的配比1 1∶.05(mol/mol),邻氯苯胺与盐酸的配比为1∶1.1(mol/mol),反应温度80℃,反应时间16h。在此工艺条件下,制得产品的纯度为93.9%,收率为90.0%。     

某些助剂对明胶大分子复性影响的研究

人们对明胶的结构和性质的研究已经有很长的历史了。好的照相明胶,必须同时满足照相性能好和物理力学性能好这两个最基本的要求。为了提高明胶的感光性能,在惰胶取代了活性胶的今天,人们主要的注意力放在两个方面:一个是在惰化处理中尽量减少明胶中减感金属杂质的含量;另一方面,在惰胶中正确而合理地使用各种化学增感