428XL仪器在微地震采集中的应用

随着地球物理探勘技术的发展,地震勘探仪器应用范围也越来越广泛。在射孔和压裂过程中,应用428XL仪器微地震采集的方法能够降低故障发生率,采集完整的地震资料。值得注意的是如果主机仪器用的是428XL,但地面设备部分或全部使用的是408UL站体,测线数据率必须设置为8Mbit/sec。在施工时,要时刻监视野外排列的情况。当野外排列出现故障时,要记录出现故障的时间以及排列恢复的时间,以便在后期处理时使用。     

滤波装置中晶闸管移相触发电路的设计

针对滤波补偿装置中要求电容器投切速度快,无冲击电流、电压的问题,设计了一种基于晶闸管移相触发的电路。该电路实现了快速无冲击投切,设计简单,能很好地解决过零触发电路经常遇到的过零检测混乱而导致的误触发,以及触发需等待电容器放电,有一定延迟的问题。通过现场实验测试分析说明,此移相触发电路的良好实用性。     

Influence of overall structural response on perforation of concrete targets

The influence of the overall structural response on the perforation of a concrete target is studied in this paper. The local perforation of the concrete target is idealized as a combined penetration and cone-plugging model. The overall structural response is simplified as an elastic, perfectly-plastic single degree of freedom (SDoF) model. A dimensional analysis is conducted to identify influential non-dimensional numbers in this problem to obtain non-dimensional governing equations. It is shown by parametric analyses that the overall stiffness and the overall strength of the concrete structure may influence the local perforation of the concrete target, which may help plan further experiments and numerical studies. The parameters introduced in the SDoF model can be obtained from actual concrete structures by using definitions of equivalent parameters, which has been generally accepted in dynamic structural analysis.     

Perforation equations for conical and ogival nose rigid projectiles into aluminum target plates

We developed closed-form perforation equations for rigid, conical and ogival nose projectiles that perforate aluminum target plates at normal impact. An existing cylindrical, cavity-expansion model that was experimentally verified with perforation data into 5083-H131 aluminum armor plates was used as the starting point for the development of the perforation equations. We identified a small parameter in those perforation equations, performed power-series expansions, and obtained closed-form, accurate perforation equations for the ballistic-limit and residual velocities. The closed-form, perforation equations are shown to be very accurate when compared with existing data for 6061-T651 and 5083-H131 aluminum target plates. Our perforation equations display clearly the dominant problem parameters.     

MDEA法催化干气脱硫精制系统运行情况

通过对抚顺石化公司石油二厂1.5Mt·a-1重油催化装置催化干气精制系统一年来生产情况的分析,确定了影响该系统达标运行的主要因素,讨论了生产过程中出现的问题并提出了调节、整改措施.     

RTTS封隔器在射孔完井联作工艺中的应用

常规射孔完井存在较大井控风险,而RTTS封隔器射孔联作完井工艺,既保证了射孔的顺利进行,又成功地降低了井控风险。文章从井况、工具选型、风险预防及控制、施工过程分析了该完井工艺的特点及优势,为塔河油田老井改层开采完井技术提供了新的选择。     

Energy absorption during projectile perforation of lightweight sandwich panels with metallic fibre cores

This paper concerns energy absorption during projectile penetration of thin, lightweight sandwich panels with metallic fibre cores. The panels were made entirely of austenitic stainless steel (grade 304). The faceplates were 0.4 mm thick and the core (∼1–2 mm thick) was a random assembly of metallic fibres, consolidated by solid state sintering. The impact tests were simulated using ABAQUS. Faceplate behaviour was modelled using the Johnson and Cook plasticity relation and a strain rate-dependent, critical plastic strain failure criterion. The core was modelled as an anisotropic, compressible continuum, with failure based on a quadratic, shear stress-based criterion. The experimental data show that, with increasing impact velocity, the absorbed energy decreased from the ballistic limit, reached a minimum value, and then underwent a monotonic increase. The FEM modelling demonstrates that this increase arises from the kinetic energy of ejected fragments, while the energy absorbed by plastic deformation and fracture tends to a plateau. Normalised absorbed energies have been compared to values for single faceplates. The sandwich panels are marginally superior to single plates on an areal density basis.     

射孔油井产率比计算模型

本模型综合考试了各种射孔因素、地质因素和工程因素。首次提出了极限产率比的概念，作为衡量产率比范围的简单有效工具。以极限产率比为基础，构造不考虑污染、不考虑压实条件的产率比计算模型，然后由此出发，构造未射开污染区及射开污染区的模型。考虑到压实的影响，在模型中引入了压实修正系数；并利用有限元射孔模型确定有关系数。通过以上方法得到７种射孔格式的２１个公式，可以解决各种射孔条件及常用７种射孔格式的产率比计     

Normal perforation of reinforced concrete target by rigid projectile

An analytical model on the normal perforation of reinforced concrete slabs is constructed in the present paper. The effect of reinforcing bars is further hybridized in a general three-stage model consisting of initial crater, tunnelling and shear plugging. Besides three dimensionless numbers, i.e., the impact function I, the geometry function of projectile N and the dimensionless thickness of concrete target χ, which are employed to predict the ballistic performance of perforation of concrete slabs, the reinforcement ratio ρ_s of concrete (or area density) and the tensile strength f_s of reinforcing bars are considered as the other main factors influencing the perforation process. Simpler solutions of ballistic performances of normal perforation of reinforced concrete slabs are formulated in the present paper. Theoretical predictions agree well with individual published experimental data and have a higher degree of accuracy than the model suggested by Dancygier [Effect of reinforcement ratio on the resistance of reinforced concrete to hard projectile impact. Nucl Eng Des 1997;172:233–45].     

射孔完井工况下固井水泥环破坏研究进展

射孔完井作为国内外应用最为广泛的完井方式,对油气井增产有着非常重要的意义。随着射孔完井的不断推广,射孔后水泥环层间封隔完整性越来越受到重视,尤其是薄差油气层,而现有研究主要集中于射孔后套管损害及强度影响,对射孔完井工况下水泥环破坏涉及较少。为了更好地促进射孔后水泥环完整性的研究与发展,结合油气井射孔威力大、时间短、温度高、破坏性强等特点,分析指出了射孔完井工况下固井水泥环破坏研究难点主要集中于室内射孔模拟实验难、射孔后水泥环完整性破坏程度难确定、实际工况下水泥环抗冲击破坏能力难确定以及射孔参数影响不清楚等方面,综述了国内外射孔模拟实验、射孔水泥环完整性、水泥环抗冲击韧性、射孔作业参数影响的研究现状,探讨了目前研究存在的不足。提出了以自修复水泥、水泥浆及水泥石性能设计、优化射孔参数、井下水泥环动态破坏预测技术为核心的技术对策与趋势。