有岩爆倾向的深井巷道岩层支护控制技术

根据冬瓜山铜矿原岩应力测量、岩石物理力学试验、岩体结构调查、数值模拟计算以及工程实际,冬瓜山铜矿深部属高应力(38 MPa)区,存在岩爆倾向性.为此,针对不同的采准巷道提出了支护方法与设计,比如对充填回风道采用"喷-锚-网"支护,对底部结构采用光面爆破和"喷-锚-网 锚索"支护,对出矿口眉线采用超前锚杆预支护等,均取得了较为理想的效果.     

金川岩石力学研究方法的探讨

本文分析了金川矿存在的主要岩石力学问题及前人研究成果，引进大变形及损伤理论，提出了一套适合金川岩石力学研究的方法，可望取得成功。     

龙凤山气田火山岩地层个性化PDC钻头设计与应用

长岭断陷龙凤山气田主力储层主要分布在火山岩发育的营城组和火石岭组。储层岩石石英含量高、研磨性强,导致机械钻速低、单只钻头进尺短,大幅增加了起下钻换钻头等非生产时间,严重制约钻井提速。本文通过开展岩石力学实验研究,利用测井资料建立并修正岩石力学剖面,开展了异型PDC齿研发和钻头切削结构设计优化,研发出一种适合该区块火山岩地层的6刀翼异形齿PDC钻头,现场应用3井次,较其他普通PDC钻头平均进尺提高42.2%,平均机械钻速提高36%,提速降本效果显著。     

Methodology for the estimation of expansive cement borehole pressure

This work is part of a multi-phase project which aims to develop a sound methodology for rock fragmentation in underground mines using expansive cement. More specifically, it is the first phase of the project which focuses on laboratory tests to investigate the mechanical performance of expansive cement, also known as soundless chemical demolition agents(SCDA). This paper reports the results of laboratory tests conducted on instrumented thick-walled cylinders filled with expansive cement. Expans...     

基于角点分段算法的岩石裂隙宽度测量及分析

利用数字图像方法测量岩石节理裂隙宽度（开启度）,需要对岩石裂隙进行分段。由于节理裂隙的信息主要反映在其特征点（角点）中,故提出了一种角点分段算法。利用此算法对岩石裂隙分段,再利用改进的Ferret——最佳拟合长方形算法测量宽度,通过对所得结果进行分析可知,利用角点分段算法和最佳拟合长方形算法相结合测量岩石裂隙宽度,与其他测量方法相比不仅实现了计算机的自动测量,而且测量的精确度更高。     

Rock brittleness indices and their applications to different fields of rock engineering:A review

Brittleness is an important parameter controlling the mechanical behavior and failure characteristics of rocks under loading and unloading conditions,such as fracability,cutability,drillability and rockburst proneness.As such,it is of high practical value to correctly evaluate rock brittleness.However,the definition and measurement method of rock brittleness have been very diverse and not yet been standardized.In this paper,the definitions of rock brittleness are firstly reviewed,and several representative definitions of rock brittleness are identified and briefly discussed.The development and role of rock brittleness in different fields of rock engineering are also studied.Eighty brittleness indices publicly available in rock mechanics literature are compiled,and the measurement method,applicability and limitations of some indices are discussed.The results show that(1)the large number of brittleness indices and brittleness definitions is attributed to the different foci on the rock behavior when it breaks;(2)indices developed in one field usually are not directly applicable to other fields;and(3)the term“brittleness”is sometimes misused,and many empirically-obtained brittleness indices,which lack theoretical basis,fail to truly reflect rock brittleness.On the basis of this review,three measurement methods are identified,i.e.(1)elastic deformation before fracture,(2)shape of post-peak stressestrain curves,and(3)methods based on fracture mechanics theory,which have the potential to be further refined and unified to become the standard measurement methods of rock brittleness.It is highly beneficial for the rock mechanics community to develop a robust definition of rock brittleness.This study will undoubtedly provide a comprehensive timely reference for selecting an appropriate brittleness index for their applications,and will also pave the way for the development of a standard definition and measurement method of rock brittleness in the long term.     

攀枝花朱矿南帮边坡稳定性的运动学分析

露天矿山开采后,形成多台阶高陡岩质边坡,结构面揭露,大量发育的结构面对岩质边坡的稳定性起控制作用。通过立体投影与矢量代数理论建立的运动学分析方法,广泛应用于受结构面控制的岩质边坡稳定性研究。以攀枝花朱矿南帮边坡为例,应用DIPS软件,对该岩质边坡进行运动学分析,结果表明：南帮边坡在优势节理面切割下,易和坡面组合形成楔形体滑动;岩体下部若存在流层面,易于和贯通的节理面组合形成较大规模平面滑动。     

复杂岩基地质海上风电高桩承台基础关键技术研究及应用

本文针对福建海域复杂的地质特点,以岩基海床高桩承台基础为研究对象,对基础的承台选型、承台结构设计进行分析,结合基础的载荷计算、结构的内力建模、基础的实际监测数据,研究表明高桩中承台嵌岩基础满足设计规范要求。同时,以嵌岩基础施工为例,从桩基施工、承台施工2方面详细阐述了基础施工工艺,实践表明,采用打桩架固定式沉桩、整体式嵌岩平台、装配式预制钢套箱工艺可显著提高施工效率,满足工程建设要求。该高桩承台基础设计和施工方案可为东南沿海类似工程提供参考。     

基于岩石强度的长锚索支护锚固规律研究

开磷集团用沙坝矿采用房柱式上向水平分层充填法开采,岩体开挖后采用预应力锚索进行支护。通过长锚索力学模型计算知当岩体越松软,岩体的弹性模量越小,则锚杆所受的剪应力最大值就越小,剪应力分布范围就越大、越均匀;反之,岩体越坚硬,弹性模量越大,则最大剪应力值就大,剪应力的作用范围越小、越集中,为矿山后续预应力锚索的支护设计提供了理论依据。     

碳酸盐岩油藏三维地质建模新方法

沉积相约束下的储层建模方法比较普遍,本文提出了岩石类型控制下的建模方法。采用Winland R35方法划分油藏岩石类型,建立不同岩石类型下孔隙度和渗透率关系模型;获得各口井岩石类型后,通过序贯指示模拟预测井间岩石类型,继而建立三维岩石类型模型;最后基于地震波阻抗属性约束孔隙度,建立孔隙度模型,再利用不同岩石类型下已建立的孔隙度和渗透率关系确定渗透率,建立渗透率模型。