A framework for critical security factors that influence the decision of cloud adoption by Saudi government agencies

Cloud computing technologies can play an essential role in public organisations and companies while it reduces the cost of using information technology services. It allows users to access the service anytime and anywhere, with paying for what they use. In developing countries, such as Saudi Arabia, the cloud computing is still not extensively adopted, compared to countries in the west. In order to encourage the adoption of cloud services, it is considerable to understand an important and particular complications regarding to cloud computing is the potential and perceived security risks and benefits posed by implementing such technology.This paper investigates the critical security factors that influence the decision to adopt cloud computing by Saudi government agencies. A framework was proposed for three categories, Social Factors category, Cloud Security Risks Category and Perceived Cloud Security Benefits that includes well-known cloud security features. The framework factors were identified by critically reviewing studies found in the literature together with factors from the industrial standards within the context of Saudi Arabia. An experiment study was conducted in five government agencies in Saudi Arabia by interview and questionnaire with experts in order to improve and confirm the framework. All the factors in the proposed framework were found to be statistically significant. An additional factor identified was Failure of client side encryption. Moreover, they suggested including this factor as a potential risk under Security Risk Factors Category. The initial framework was updated based on the expert reviews and questionnaires. The results were analysed via one-sample t-test with the data integrity analysed via Cronbach’s alpha. The outcome indicated the majority of cloud security adoption framework categories were statistically significant. Potential future study directions and contributions are discussed.     

Measurements of thermal properties of insulation materials by using transient plane source technique

The paper reports on the measuring technique and values of the measured thermal properties of some commonly used insulation materials produced by local manufacturers in Saudi Arabia. Among the thermal properties of insulation materials, the thermal conductivity (k) is regarded to be the most important since it affects directly the resistance to transmission of heat (R-value) that the insulation material must offer. Other thermal properties, like the specific heat capacity (c) and density (ρ), are also important only under transient conditions. A well-suited and accurate method for measuring the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of materials is the transient plane source (TPS) technique, which is also called the hot disk (HD). This new technique is used in the present study to measure the thermal conductivity of some insulation materials at room temperature as well as at different elevated temperature levels expected to be reached in practice when these insulations are used in air-conditioned buildings in hot climates. Besides, thermal conductivity values of the same type of insulation material are measured for samples with different densities; generally, higher density insulations are used in building roofs than in walls. The results show that the thermal conductivity increases with increasing temperature and decreases with increasing density over the temperature and density ranges considered in the present investigation.     

炼制沙轻—胜利原油常减压塔顶冷换设备的腐蚀

上海石化股份有限公司 2号常减压蒸馏装置 ,自 2 0 0 0年加工沙轻 -胜利高硫混合原油后 ,减顶预冷器EC - 10 4和常顶油气换热器E - 5 0 0 2均因腐蚀而发生泄漏。当加工上述混合原油时 ,其脱后原油盐含量大于 5mg/L ,三顶冷凝水中S2 -含量很高 ,因此减、常顶系统的腐蚀为H2 Cl-H2 S -H2 O型腐蚀。进行破乳剂优化筛选 ,原油合理调配以及选用了 3RE60或 2 2 0 5双相不锈钢管束后 ,腐蚀得到控制     

自建沙特阿美营地在重油项目中的应用

在沙特阿美项目的实际执行过程中,大部分外国承包商都是以EPC总承包的形式分包给当地有经验的承包商,不但合同价格高、工期不可控,而且最后许多营地不能通过阿美的联合检查验收。因此,为了避免这些不利因素,沙特重油项目首次尝试采用"设计分包、自行采购、自行施工"的新模式,最终通过阿美诸多部门的联合检查验收,实现了公司在沙特项目营地建设模式的重大突破,也为后续沙特阿美项目营地建设提供借鉴和参考。     

短半径水平井侧钻技术在沙特HRDH-128井的应用

沙特Ghawar油田已经开发了几十年,随着油田的持续开发和老油区的频繁作业,部分油井产能下降。为提高产能,该油田大修井作业多采用短半径和多底井水平井钻井技术对老井进行侧钻。文中主要介绍了套管开窗侧钻短半径水平井钻井技术的应用原理和主要的施工技术．并通过在HRDH-128井的应用实例．阐述了短半径水平井钻井开窗工具及侧钻方式的选择,下部钻具和动力钻具的配套、测量方式及测量工艺、井眼净化等工艺技术。实例应用结果表明．侧钻短半径水平井技术不仅是一种投资少、见效快、经济效益显著的油田开发技术,而且是老油田稳产增产和提高最终采收率的一种有效途径。     

吸引与赋能消费者：沙特阿拉伯在食品创新、新兴技术及信息误导时代如何实现有效沟通（中英文）

本文梳理了沙特食品管理机构面临的挑战,探讨了有效沟通策略在食品安全管理机构中的重要作用,尤其是聚焦于沙特阿拉伯食品和药物管理局（SFDA）。采用创新策略,包括人工智能驱动的情感分析、聊天机器人和人工智能应用、处理错误信息的策略等,成为应对监测公众感知、解答咨询和科学不确定性、以及吸引关注等挑战的关键组成部分。在当前快速发展的数字化环境、新兴技术的涌现,以及虚假信息广泛传播的背景下,本文着眼于阐明风险沟通对于建立和维护消费者信任的重要性。风险沟通的动态格局要求机构不断调整策略并采取主动措施,以赋予消费者权利并确保食品安全。SFDA的多维策略方法成为适应数字时代不断演变需求有效风险沟通的典范。     

基于最小偏移距分选的地震数据采集质量监控新方法——以沙特Berri工区三维项目为例

在海陆过渡带三维勘探项目的野外施工过程中,通常采用常规的线性动校正或直接核对炮点的方法来检查单炮是否发生偏移,但是,这种监控手段工作效率低下且监控质量得不到保证。介绍了一种基于最小偏移距分选的地震数据采集质量监控方法,基本原理是:将初至拉平,观察是否存在初至起跳异常,从而确定是否存在炮点偏移。在沙特Berri工区三维地震数据采集过程中,首先在放炮时采用GPS导航系统,在导航系统监控软件界面上监测炮点偏移情况,初步控制炮点误差;然后利用基于最小偏移距分选方法对地震数据采集质量进行监控,并对炮点和检波点偏移误差进行分析和检查。应用结果表明该方法能精确地检查炮点和检波点偏移情况,有效地提高了地震资料采集质量。     

Factors affecting the relationship between contractors and their sub-contractors in Saudi Arabia

Delay in contract progress payment, lack of construction quality, errors and delay in shop drawings and/or approval of sample materials were ranked highest as interface problems, whilst legal disputes, scheduling conflicts amongst sub-contractors, geological problems and weather conditions were ranked lowest.