功率超声对Pb-Sn合金凝固行为的影响

研究了功率超声对铅锡合金凝固过程的影响,分析了其影响机制.结果表明,在功率超声作用下,声空化效应和声流效应使含铅5%的铅锡合金的凝固组织明显细化,并且经过功率600W的超声处理后,先析出相的析出温度升高3℃,凝固温度升高了5℃.随着超声功率的增加,合金组织的细化程度提高,但功率提高到一定程度时,细化作用减弱.     

高线粗中轧机"浮动"检测结构设计及故障排除

为克服轧制中因机架锁紧功能降低而产生的机架沿轨座轴向移动的"浮动"现象,对其产生原因进行了分析,并通过改进锁紧装置结构及相关部件,使"浮动"故障得到预防和有效控制并及时排除。     

Synthesis and luminescent properties of Eu~(3+)-doped Na_(24)As_2W_(22)O_(83)

The Eu3+-doped Na24As2W22O83 phosphor has been prepared by solid state reaction from Na3AsO412H2O, Na2WO4 2H2O and WO3, and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffractometry. According to the measurements with X-ray diffraction, this material belongs to orthorhombic system with its lattice constants: a = 1.4750 nm, b = 1.1944 nm, c = 1.1062 nm, it is consistent with space group D24-P212121 (No.19). The emission and excitation spectra were measured. The luminescent properties of Eu3+-doped Na24As2W22O83 and mechanism of energy transfer were discussed.     

Microstructures and properties of welded joint of TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel

The fracture characteristics of the joint were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope(SEM).Microstructures of the joint were examined by means of optical microscope, SEM and an image analyzer. The results show that the tensile strength of the inhomogeneous joint of TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel is lower than that of the homogeneous joint and a plastic field appears in the heat affected zone on the side of TiNi shape memory alloy. Because TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel melted, a brittle as-cast structure was formed in the weld. The tensile strength and the shape memory effect of the inhomogeneous joint are strongly influenced by the changes of composition and structure of the joint. Measures should be taken to reduce the base metal melting and prevent the weld metal from the invasion by O for improving the properties of the TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel inhomogeneous joint.     

提高钢结构梁柱焊接节点抗震性能的探讨

提高梁柱焊接节点的抗震性能是钢结构抗震设计的重要内容之一。美国北岭和日本阪神震灾教训表明，为防止梁柱焊接节点在地震中出现源于焊缝的脆性破坏，设计上应注意降低节点焊缝处的应力集中，改善焊缝的受力状态，设法利用钢材的塑性储备来吸收地震能量，并根据抗震设防要求和地震载荷特点选用韧性达标的焊接材料。制造和安装时还应注意消除节点焊缝处的各种应力集中，包括妥善处置引孤板和垫板。     

调速阀的新结构

本文简要介绍了一种调速阀的新结构及其应用。     

掺杂Ti对Fe－N薄膜结构与磁性的影响

用对向靶溅射仪制备出含多量Ｆｅ（１６）Ｎ２相的（Ｆｅ，Ｔｉ）－Ｎ薄膜，研究了掺杂Ｔｉ对Ｆｅ－Ｎ薄膜结构与磁性的影响，在溅射Ｆｅ－Ｎ薄膜时加入适量的Ｔｉ可提高Ｆｅ－Ｎ薄膜中Ｆｅ（１６）Ｎ２相的含量．Ｔｉ含量（原子分数）在０—２５％时薄膜饱和磁化强度均高于纯Ｆｅ的值；Ｔｉ浓度为１０％时，薄膜磁化强度高达２．６８Ｔ，比纯Ｆｅ的饱和磁化强度值高２０％．     

热轧带钢粗轧机后防撞引板的设计

为解决热轧带钢生产中粗轧出口轧件因扣头而撞坏机后辊道和导板问题，在轧机和机后第1个辊道之间增设了防撞引板，介绍了该引板的结构、动作原理和使用效果。     

Hydrothermal formation of dispersive Mg（OH）2 particles in NaOH solution

The hydrothermal modification of Mg(OH)2 crystals in NaOH solution was investigated. The aggregated Mg(OH)2 particles with irregular shape are converted to regular Mg(OH)2 hexagonal plates after hydrothermal treatment. The prolongation of reaction time from 1-4 h or the increase of temperature from 140℃ to 200℃ can promote the formation of Mg(OH)2 plates with big particle size but small cluster size. The dispersion characteristics of the hydrothermal products are improved owing to the improvement of Mg(OH)2 crystalline degree and the in-crease of I（001)/I（101） ratio. The proper hydrothermal modification condition is as follows: solid content 0. 075 g/mL,NaOH concentration 5.0 mol/L, temperature 200℃ and time 4 h. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the increase of MgOH^ concentration at elevated temperature or the increase of OH^- concentration in concentrated NaOH solution is favorable for the hydrothermal formation of Mg(OH)2 particles.     

基于质心偏移的移动机器人轨迹跟踪控制

针对非完整约束下质心偏移的移动机器人,提出了一种改进滑模变结构的轨迹跟踪控制方法,并通过此方法得到一种具有全局渐近稳定性的跟踪控制器。以三轮移动机器人的运动模型为基础,该跟踪控制器的设计分为两部分:第一部分是采用X方向和前向角方向同时具有虚拟反馈变量,通过Lyapunov方法对控制系统进行稳定性分析,设计出切换函数;第二部分是滑模控制器设计,采用指数趋近律,使用S型指数函数代替符号函数,减少了滑模变结构控制的抖动,由此设计出了线速度和角速度的控制律,用来渐近整定移动机器人跟踪误差,实现了对参考轨迹的全局渐近跟踪。实验结果表明:该控制律能够在极短时间内趋于稳定,其跟踪平面坐标误差和前向角误差也能在极短时间内收敛于0,并且移动机器人也能够有效地跟踪期望轨迹,其控制效果具有明显的改善,且具有很好的抗干扰性能。