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991.
《Polymer》2002,43(16):4341-4348
Thermo- and pH-responsive stimuli hydrogels based on N-isopropylacrylamide (N-iPAAm) and methacrylic acid (MAA) have been synthesized and their swelling behaviour studied as a function of composition, pH and temperature. Copolymers varying in composition have been obtained by copolymerizing these two monomers and interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of P(MAA) and P(N-iPAAm) by the sequential method. Temperature and pH have been changed in the ranges from 25 to 40 °C and from 2 to 9, respectively. The swelling behaviour of the hydrogels depends on the nature of the polymer and the environmental conditions, namely pH and temperature. Copolymer gels under basic conditions exhibit higher degree of swelling than the homopolymer ones. The disruption of the complexes dominates the kinetic swelling of MAA enriched gels under basic conditions. The hydrogen bond formation between carboxyl and amide groups has been made clear through the dynamic swelling behaviour of copolymers under acidic conditions. IPNs reduce their ability to swell in water with increasing P(N-iPAAm) content because of the formation of hydrophobic interpolymer complexes through hydrogen bonding. Lower critical solution temperature occurs only in the enriched N-iPAAm copolymers under acidic conditions when the MAA carboxyl groups are unionized. 相似文献
992.
Tsunehiro Aki Kazutaka Hachida Megumi Yoshinaga Yuko Katai Takashi Yamasaki Seiji Kawamoto Toshihide Kakizono Takashi Maoka Seiko Shigeta Osamu Suzuki Kazuhisa Ono 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2003,80(8):789-794
Thraustochytrids, marine protists whose dominant genera are Thraustochytrium and Schizochytrium, belong to the kingdom Chromista and are known as an industrial source of DHA. We describe here that thraustochytrid strain
KH105, isolated as a DHA producer, also accumulates significant levels of β-carotene and xanthophylls including canthaxanthin
and astaxanthin. A4-d cultivation using a medium composed of 10% glucose and less than 0.3% of nitrogen sources in a half-concentration
of seawater gave an astaxanthin production up to 6.1 mg/L, and canthaxanthin content reached more than 10 mg/L under conditions
where a higher concentration of nitrogen sources (6%) was employed. It might be advantageous in mass production systems for
these carotenoids to be extracted readily by simply suspending the cells with organic solvents such as acetone and chloroform.
Analyses on the morphological and life history features of the KH105 strain revealed that it belongs to the genus Schizochytrium. This particular species of thraustochytrids is thus considered to be a promising source of xanthophylls as well as DHA for
use in the food industry. 相似文献
993.
994.
通过采用钛酸四异丙酯(TPT)为催化剂,偏苯三酸酐和2-乙基己醇为原料催化合成增塑剂偏苯三酸三异辛酯(TOTM)的基础上。通过正交试验研究了生成产物中和水洗的最佳条件。 相似文献
995.
Phenomena called surface explosions have been reported for decomposition reactions on single crystals, and have been identified by the use of desorption methods. In particular, in TPD, they are manifested by extremely narrow peaks (as little as 3 K in width) and a desorption rate which increases with time in isothermal experiments. In this paper we report such observations for acetate species on Rh single crystals, but extend this to show for the first time that such effects are not restricted to single crystal/UHV experiments, but can also be found on a Rh/Al2O3 catalyst under ambient pressure conditions. These reactions can be classified as second order autocatalytic surface processes, where free surface Rh sites are an essential component of the reaction. It is shown that coadsorbed adatoms are also essential for such explosions to be seen and their role is proposed to be that of a template layer acting to order the acetate in self-poisoning configurations. 相似文献
996.
M. -K. Chang E. J. Conkerton D. C. Chapital P. J. Wan O. P. Vadhwa J. M. Spiers 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(2):263-265
Chinese melon (Momordica charantia L.), also known as bitter gourd, is a tropical crop, grown throughout Asian countries for use as food and medicinals. In
1993, four cultivars of Chinese melon were grown in Mississippi and the seeds were collected. Oil contents of the seeds ranged
from 41 to 45% and the oils contained 63–68% eleostearic acid and 22–27% stearic acid. Industrially important tung oil, a
“fast-drying oil” used in paints and varnishes, contains 90% eleostearic and 2–3% stearic acid. The ratio of stearic to eleostearic
in Chinese melon seed oil is ten times greater than that in tung oil. The higher ratio should reduce the rate of drying and
crosslinking and could be advantageous in the paint industry. The defatted meals contained 52–61% protein and would be a good
source of methionine. 相似文献
997.
Hydrogen-bonded complexes of poly(acrylic acid) and poly(ethyl oxazoline) (PEOx) were prepared by photopolymerization of acrylic acid in which PEOx was dissolved. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the complexes are not only higher than those of the blends but also higher than the Tg value of either component polymer. The complexes dissolve in strong proton-accepting solvents like dimethyl formamide or dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), are swollen to various degrees in water and methanol, but are resistant to swelling by dioxane. When the density of hydrogen bond donor groups in the chain is reduced by 50% with the use of a copolymer of acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate, intermolecular association still takes place, although the affinity of complexation is reduced to some extent. When interpenetrating networks (semi-IPNs) are prepared by this method, about half of the PEOx can be extracted by DMSO after 4 days. The incomplete removal is probably a result of topographical constraints against diffusion. 相似文献
998.
某厂采用一套设备稀释98%的浓硝酸,配制65%、40%和25%等浓度的稀硝酸,硝酸配稀时产生的尾气对环境造成污染,且危害工人健康。本系统采用带夹套的配酸贮槽来减少NOx的生成,同时用尿素溶液作还原剂吸收NOx;采用引射式吸收器作为吸收设备,使NOx反应生成的CO2和N2可直接排放,处理后的NOx含量在(100~300)×10-6之间,符合大气污染物综合排放标准(GB16297-1996)的要求,企业也实现了清洁生产。 相似文献
999.
Effect of Water on the Partial Oxidation of Propane to Acrylic and Acetic Acids on Mo-V-Sb-Nb Mixed Oxides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
It is shown that the major effect of water in the oxidation of propane to acrylic and acetic acids on Mo1V0.3Sb0.25Nb0.08O
n
catalysts is to stabilise the active sites and increase the rates of formation of both acids. The usual effect of favoring desorption of the products is considered to be secondary. 相似文献
1000.
The removal of sulphur and ash from coal treated with aqueous hydrogen peroxide/sulphuric acid solutions has been studied at ambient temperature, under a variety of experimental conditions. Almost complete elimination of the sulphate and the pyritic sulphur was observed in most cases, as well as substantial reduction in the ash content. The other components of the organic coal matrix were not affected to a significant extent, indicating high selectivity of the system towards sulphur oxidation. An optimal H2SO4 concentration was established, above which the acid was found to have an adverse effect on the oxidation of pyrite by hydrogen peroxide. 相似文献