Application of hindered piperidine amine and/or tertiary amine in the modification of polyamide 6

PA 6 resin was produced in a hydrolytic‐polymeric process in which ε‐caprolactam was polymerized in the presence of water as initiator, isophthalic acid and benzoic acid as chain regulators, by polymerizing caprolactam in the presence of 7.5% by weight of water, 0.2% by weight of isophthalic acid, 0.1% by weight of benzoic acid, each percentage being based on caprolactam. By adding hindered piperidine amine and/or tertiary amine to the polymeric system, the effects of additives on the polymer were studied. The results showed that: the addition of 0.1 ～ 0.2% additives can improve the melt stability of polyamide 6; the addition of 0.2% additives can protect mechanical properties of polyamide 6 fibers after exposure to high temperature; and the addition of 0.05 ～ 0.25% additives can increase the amino end group content of polyamide 6 and thereby increase the dyeability of polyamide fibers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2489–2493, 2004     

氧化胺型清洁压裂液的制备及室内评价

以油酸酰胺丙基二甲基叔胺、过氧化氢为原料制备出油酸酰胺丙基二甲基氧化叔胺(OADO)稠化剂.研究了冰乙酸、氯化铵添加量对OADO稠化性能的影响,检测了压裂液的耐温性、耐剪切性、悬砂性、耐酸碱性和破胶性.结果表明,m(氯化铵)∶m(冰乙酸)∶m(OADO)∶m(水)为0.5∶1∶1.5∶100时,压裂液pH值为6.0,粘度可达到82mPa·s,70℃时可有效悬砂,剪切60min后粘度仍大于25mPa·s,当压裂液中煤油含量大于0.8%时,120min内可完全破胶.     

铝胺双重封堵钻井液在成3井二开长裸眼井段的应用

成3井是为探索侏罗系油藏而在准噶尔盆地中央坳陷部署的一口预探井,完钻井深4 821 m。二开裸眼段长3 200 m,井壁稳定难度大;西山窑组至八道湾组煤层发育,井壁失稳严重。通过使用铝胺抑制防塌钻井液,施工中采用合理密度支撑–多元协同抑制–双重封堵防塌措施,辅助相应的维护处理工艺,解决了长裸眼段和煤层段的井壁失稳难题,而且机械钻速得到显著提高。全井机械钻速7.68 m/h,创造该区块钻速新纪录。     

黑茶乙醇提取物以及其抗氧化性的研究

目的：研究黑茶的抗氧化性作用.方法：采用溶液超声波提取法提取出黑茶的乙醇提取物,再用分光光度法测定不同浓度的黑茶乙醇提取物对羟基自由基、DPPH自由基的抑制率以及还原能力.结果：在一定范围内,随着黑茶提取物的含量增加其对自由基的抑制作用以及还原能力都逐渐增强.当提取液体积为0.20 mL时,提取液对羟基自由基的抑制达到最大为51.70％.在黑茶提取液体积达到0.16 mL时,其对DPPH自由基的抑制达到最高为87.44％.黑茶提取物的还原能力,在一定浓度范围内呈现正相关性A=0.040 3＋2.007 4V,相关系数为0.999 6.结论：黑茶乙醇提取物具有较好的抗氧化性.     

牛蒡多糖的分离纯化及其抗氧化活性研究

采用离子交换树脂对牛蒡多糖提取液进行脱色和脱蛋白处理,后经超滤进一步分离纯化提高产品的纯度.通过单因素和正交试验优化确定了树脂脱色的工艺参数：阴离子交换树脂D301-F为脱色树脂,用量30g,料液pH值4.5,吸附流速0.5mL/min,脱色率达92.68%,多糖保留率85.53%,蛋白质去除率90.27%.通过考察超滤膜分子质量大小、压力、温度和时间等因素对超滤的影响,优化确定了适宜的操作条件：膜截留分子质量1万,超滤温度25℃,压力0.10MPa,超滤时间10min,此时多糖截留率94.05%,膜通量2.59mL·cm^-2·min^-1,多糖纯度达到85.82%.抗氧化活性实验表明：纯化牛蒡多糖具有较强的清除DPPH自由基和羟基自由基的能力,超滤能够有效避免成分损失,保持多糖的活性,具有一定的工业应用前景。     

Thermal antioxidative kinetics of sesamol in triacylglycerols and fatty acid methyl esters of sesame,olive, and canola oils

Oxidation kinetics of the triacylglycerols (TAGs) and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) of sesame, olive, and canola oils were studied in the presence of the different concentrations of sesamol (0.1%–0.16%) at 60, 80, and 100°C. Sesamol increased the temperature coefficient, T_C, and Q₁₀ number of the TAGs more significantly compared to the FAMEs. All the sesamol-added TAG and FAME systems, respectively, of the olive, canola, and sesame oils, respectively, exerted increased values of the Arrhenius (activation energy, E_a, and frequency factor, A) and Eyring (enthalpy, ΔH⁺⁺, and entropy, ΔS⁺⁺) equation parameters. Sesamol improved the Gibbs free energy (ΔG⁺⁺) of the activated complex formation in the canola, sesame, and olive systems, respectively, and the effect was greater in the FAMEs.     

粉煤灰制备吸附剂捕集CO2的研究

利用粉煤灰为原料,制备2大类可用于烟气中CO₂捕集的吸附剂。一类是沸石分子筛类吸附剂,利用水热合成法得到A型、X型等沸石分子筛吸附剂。一类是利用粉煤灰制备出适合的多孔载体,使用浸渍法得到固态胺类吸附剂。沸石分子筛对于CO₂主要是物理吸附,吸附容量169~223 mg/g,固态胺吸附剂是利用胺基与CO₂结合介于物理与化学吸附之间,吸附容量108~189 mg/g。实现将粉煤灰以废治废,即可以缓解粉煤灰对环境的影响,也能够实现碳减排,对社会和经济协调发展有利。     

流动条件下炔氧甲基季胺盐的缓蚀性能研究

利用交流阻抗(EIS)、线性极化、动电位极化和失重法，研究了炔氧甲基季胺盐对N80在常温CO2饱和的3％NaCl溶液中的电化学行为和缓蚀性能的影响．结果表明：空白溶液中N80的累计失重在4m／s以后急剧增大，即介质的临界流速为4～5m／s．动态下炔氧甲基季胺盐存在与静态下相同的浓度极值现象，流速低于5m／s时缓蚀剂的极值浓度与静态时相同，都为150mg／L，而流速高于5m／s后极值浓度有所增加．     

Synthesis of tertiary amines and their inhibitive performance on carbon steel corrosion

Some tertiary amines in the series of 1,3-di-amino-propan-2-ol, referred as 1,3-di-morpholin-4-yl-propan-2-ol (DMP) and 1,3-bis-diethylamino-propan-2-ol (DEAP), had been synthesized by alkylation reaction. These compounds were checked by MS, IR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The electrochemical performance of these products was investigated through potentiodynamic polarization measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) under thin electrolyte layer with thickness of 100 μm, and their inhibition efficiencies were measured using gravimetric method. These compounds, retarding the anodic dissolution of iron by the protective layer bonding on the metal surface, were anodic inhibitors under thin electrolyte layer. Polarization data indicated that the inhibitive performance of DMP for carbon steel was improved with the increasing of concentration, whereas DEAP showed a maximum inhibiting power at 2.5 × 10⁻² M. The values of the charge transfer resistance, obtained from impedance plots of carbon steel, showed that DEAP was a promising inhibitor. The gravimetric results showed that the inhibition efficiency of DEAP at 2.5 × 10⁻² M was 95%. The adsorption on the carbon steel surface followed Langmuir isotherm model. The Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the surface adsorbed film.     

“简便方法”生产合成聚合物胶粘剂

以自由基引发聚合反应制造聚合物(均聚,共聚,接枝共聚)时,常规方法(复杂方法)是,用较复杂的工艺与设备,除去反应体系中的氧,阻素剂,防老剂,才能进行正常聚合。本文叙述的“简便方法”,则在不除去氧、阻聚剂和防老剂的条件下,生产的聚合物性能等于或优于“复杂方法”的聚合物。本文论述了实施“简便方法”的根据和可能性,并用实例说明。