荆江—洞庭湖水沙数学模型研究

在对复杂的荆江—洞庭湖水系进行概化的基础上，根据其中各节点和湖泊的实际情况，建立了对整个荆江—洞庭湖水系进行模拟计算的复杂河网水沙数学模型。采用1996年的相关资料进行了验证，结果表明，模型计算值与实测值吻合较好，说明本文对荆江—洞庭湖复杂边界条件的概化，特别是对湖泊调蓄作用的处理是比较符合实际情况的，模型可以模拟边界条件复杂的河网。运用该模型，可以计算出整个荆江—洞庭湖区域的洪水演进、泥沙淤积和河床变形情况，可供防洪调度以及江湖治理部门参考。     

Strategic Resource Development Options in England and Wales

This paper describes the options which had to be considered for new water resources in the development of the † National Rivers Authority's water resource strategy for England and Wales. The options included interregional transfers, strategic reservoirs, and a range of unconventional schemes including aquifer recharge, effluent re-use, groundwater abstraction where levels are rising, desalination, and transfer by sea. The main options are described and comparative costs are presented.     

从可持续发展观点谈淮河整治

从可持续发展的观点论述淮河中游干流的治理．认为搞好防洪体系建设是流域经济可持续发展的前提，要从全局、全过程来谋求治淮的整体效果．治淮战略要研究关系重大的、全局的、长远的方案和措施．还针对淮河干流防洪存在的问题，提出了近期蓄泄工程安排、行蓄洪区整治、城镇防洪及河道岸线利用等方面的建议和设想．最后建议抓紧制定长期性的战略规划，明确整治方向     

抛石护岸防冲的几个问题

根据河湾迎流顶冲位置和河床冲深，确定护岸范围和优选护岸护底方案。对于抛石护岸所应用的土工织物滤层的规格和国外典型实例作了介绍，并分析试验资料，给出了抛石大小和抛石落距的计算公式。     

Fish response to modified flow regimes in regulated rivers: research methods,effects and opportunities

Globally, rivers are increasingly being subjected to various levels of physical alteration and river regulation to provide humans with services such as hydropower, freshwater, flood control, irrigation and recreation. Although river regulation plays an important role in modern society, there are potential consequences which may negatively affect fish and fish habitat. While much effort has been expended examining the response of fish to fluctuating flow regimes in different systems, there has been little in the way of a comprehensive synthesis. In an effort to better understand the effects of river regulation on fish and fish habitat, we conducted a systematic review of available literature with three goals: (1) summarize the various research methodologies used by regulated river researchers, (2) summarize the effects found on fish and fish habitat and (3) identify opportunities for future research. The results of the synthesis indicate that a wide variety of methodologies are being employed to study regulated river science, yet there is a gap in incorporating methodologies that examine effects on fish at a cellular level or those techniques that are interdisciplinary (e.g. behaviour and physiology). There is a clear consensus that modified flow regimes in regulated rivers are affecting fish and fish habitat, but the severity and direction of the response varies widely. Future study designs should include methods that target all biological levels of fish response, and in which detailed statistical analyses can be performed. There is also a need for more rigorous study designs including the use of appropriate controls and replicates. Data on physical variables that co‐vary with flow should be collected and examined to add explanatory power to the results. Increased multi‐stakeholder collaborations provide the greatest promise of balancing ecological concerns with economic needs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

辽河流域健康评价指标体系初探

辽河流域生态脆弱,河流污染严重.本文基于辽河现状,从辽河流域、河流廊道、栖息地3个尺度,确定评价指标体系,采用熵权法和集对分析不确定性理论,对辽河流域健康指标进行评价分析确定,为辽河水生态保护和修复提供决策依据.     

人工阶梯 深潭改善下切河流水生栖息地及生态的作用

本文通过野外试验研究了人工阶梯深潭对下切河流水生栖息地及生态的作用，试验河段位于西南山区的吊嘎河上150m侵蚀下切严重的河段，布置15级人工阶梯，对水流 (水深、流速、水面宽、流量)、河床底质、河床微地貌和水生底栖动物物种及数量变化进行了5个月监测。试     

第二松花江干流四水转化模型研究及应用

文中叙述了四水转化模型的结构及制作,并详细介绍了模型中各项水文要素及计算方法。     

长江中下游河道整治与管理的新经验

改革开放以来,长江中下游河道整治事业有了很大的发展:重点河段得到不同程度的治理,防洪能力得到增强,航道有所改善。在河道整治和管理方面取得的主要经验有:整治必须以河势控制规划为指导,以河道观测分析和科学试验研究为基础;领导重视,各部门共同努力,抓好河道管理的各个环节;扩大投资渠道,加速长江河道整治步伐。做好今后河道整治与管理工作的意见:编制长江中下游干流河道治理规划,编制长江中下游河势控制应急工程报告,抓紧重点河段的整治,开展长江河口段综合治理工作;大力贯彻《水法》和《河道管理条例》;搞好护岸工程建设;加强河道观测分析研究工作。     

中国工业发展对水资源的需求

以统计数据为依据，对我国工业发展及其用水变化过程进行了分析，并在国内外工业用水分析比较的基础上，对我国未来工业需水增长态势进行了趋势展望，同时分流域预测了我国工业经济的未来发展格局及其需水量，提出了保障我国工业经济持续发展的水资源利用对策与措施。笔者认为，在加强节水、科学用水的前提下，我国水资源利用完全可以保障我国工业化的发展。