Fluorine containing self‐crosslinking acrylic latexes with reduced flammability and their application as polymer binders for heterogeneous cation‐exchange membranes

In this study, self‐crosslinking core–shell latexes comprising copolymerized perfluorethyl groups and a novel flame retardant based on phosphazene derivative were prepared by the semi‐continuous non‐seeded emulsion polymerization of 2,2,2‐trifluorethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, and hexaallylamino‐cyclo‐triphosphazene as main monomers. For interfacial crosslinking, diacetone acrylamide was copolymerized into the shell layer of latex particles to provide sites for subsequent reaction with adipic acid dihydrazide. The heterogeneous cation‐exchange membranes were obtained by dispersing commercial strong acid cation‐exchange resin powder in the latex binder and casting the mixture followed by keto‐hydrazide crosslinking reaction. It was found that the increased concentration of fluorine atoms and phosphazene units in the macromolecular structure of interfacially crosslinked emulsion polymers resulted in a significant enhancement of their flame resistance and shape stability in aqueous environment. Moreover, the easily prepared heterogeneous cation‐exchange membranes based on latexes with higher amounts of fluorine and phosphazene units were shown to exhibit satisfactory physicochemical and electrochemical properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45467.     

Mesoporous water adsorbent material from poly high internal phase emulsion for agriculture application

Mesoporous water adsorbent materials were prepared by high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) technique: a technique which used aqueous phase (water phase) as a temporary template (in the form of droplets) and oil phase (polymer phase) as a continuous structure. This research describes the preparation of porous poly[S/ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate (EGDMA)]HIPE from styrene crosslinked with EGDMA. Effects of chemical composition on the pores of the mesoporous adsorbents were investigated. The EGDMA concentration was varied between 0 and 40% of oil phase by total volume to give polyHIPE with various amounts of hydroxyl groups. Effects of oil: aqueous phase ratio on mesoporous adsorbent polyHIPEs resulted in interconnected pores in their morphology. The EGDMA concentration also affected the obtained polyHIPE morphology. The water adsorption of poly(S/EGDMA)HIPE gave high water adsorption, up to 350% of dry weight. The obtained polyHIPE with large average pore size were also found to give high water adsorption capacity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45509.     

不同相对分子质量聚丁二酸丁二酯的合成及表征

以丁二酸、1,4–丁二醇为原料,采用溶液–熔融法合成了不同相对分子质量的聚丁二酸丁二酯(PBS),并研究了4种不同催化剂合成PBS反应的催化性能。采用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H–NMR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重(TG)分析和力学拉伸仪对产物的结构、热稳定性、相对分子质量、力学性能等进行表征。结果表明,不同催化剂催化合成的PBS相对分子质量大小顺序为:对甲苯磺酸钛酸异丙酯氯化亚锡醋酸锌无催化剂。相对数均分子质量最大值为5.57×10~4,最小值为2.54×10~4。所有合成的PBS的热分解温度均大于250℃,都具有较好的热稳定性。其中以钛酸异丙酯和氯化亚锡为催化剂时,得到的PBS具有良好的力学性能。综上结果,钛酸异丙酯为催化剂时合成的PBS最优,相对分子质量为5.50×10~4,拉伸强度为34.5 MPa,断裂伸长率高达201%。     

Novel conductive magnetic nanocomposite based on poly (indole-co-thiophene) as a hemoglobin diagnostic biosensor: Synthesis,characterization and physical properties

The novel conductive nanocomposite has been successfully prepared by emulsion polymerization. First, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized via coprecipitation reaction. Then, poly (indole-co-thiophene)@Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was prepared via emulsion copolymerization of indole and thiophene monomers using sodium dodecyl sulfate as an emulsifier and ammonium persulfate as an oxidant in the presence of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Characterization of the synthesized copolymer, Poly (In-co-T), and its magnetic nanocomposite were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetric, UV-vis spectrophotometer, and vibrating sample magnetometer. Also, the electrical conductivity of copolymer and nanocomposite were determined by four-probe instrument. Results showed a synergic effect in thermal stability by good interaction between polymer chain and magnetic nanoparticles. The conductivity of the nanocomposite was higher than bare copolymer, and increase of nanoparticles content caused an increment in the conductivity of the nanocomposites. The applicable properties of proposed conductive nanocomposite as a base at electrochemical biosensing have been investigated.     

煤沥青热聚合研究

以煤沥青为原料,采用直接热聚合工艺制备出优质中间相沥青。研究了热聚合温度及保温时间对中间相沥青族组成及光学组织结构等性能的影响,并对反应机理进行了深入研究,得到了制备中间相沥青的最佳工艺条件。研究表明,在一定条件下,通过热聚合,在低温、长时间或高温、短时间都能制备优质中间相沥青。在360℃、5 h条件下制备的中间相球晶较小,分布较分散;而在380℃、4 h条件下制备的球晶较大,分布较集中。制备的中间相可作为高级炭材料的优质前躯体,为制取高质量的新型炭材料提供了一条新的途径,对煤炭资源的综合利用具有十分重要的意义。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸树脂的合成工艺

采用乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和八甲基环四硅氧烷为改性剂与丙烯酸单体乳液聚合,制得聚合工艺稳定、耐水性能和耐擦洗性能优异的树脂,该树脂能室温交联固化,适用于高档外墙涂料和防水要求较高的地方。并讨论了有机硅单体类型、用量、反应温度和调节剂等因素与树脂性能的关系。     

Syntheses and Properties of Novel Copolymers of Polylactide and Aliphatic Polycarbonate Based on Ketal-Protected Dihydroxyacetone

The novel random copolymers of L-LA and 2, 2-ethylenedioxy-1, 3-propanediol carbonate (EOPDC) were synthesized in bulk using Sn(Oct)₂ as a catalyst. The poly(EOPDC -co- L-LA)s obtained were characterized by FT IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, GPC and DSC. The copolymers were obtained with yield of 87.9–95.6%. The number average molecular weight of the copolymer is 1.85–6.18 × 10⁴ with a polydispersity of 1.41–1.73. The properties of the copolymer including the enzymatic degradation by proteinase K and drug-controlled release property were also investigated. The results show that the degradation rate of the copolymers increases with increasing LA content in the copolymers.     

Dependence of Lanthanide-Ion Binding Performance on HDEHP Concentration in HDEHP Impregnation to Porous Sheet

An octadecylamino-group-introduced polymer chain grafted onto a porous sheet was impregnated with bis(2-ethylhexyl)hydrogen phosphate (HDEHP). A mixture of HDEHP and ethanol of various HDEHP concentrations was used for the impregnation. The porous sheet into which a C₁₈H₃₇NH group was introduced was immersed in HDEHP/ethanol solution before ethanol evaporation. The liquid permeability of a cartridge charged with the HDEHP-impregnated porous sheet in disk form prepared in 50 (v/v)% HDEHP/ethanol solution was 96% that of the starting-porous-disk-packed cartridge. The equilibrium binding capacity of the HDEHP-impregnated porous disk for yttrium ions was 0.32 mol per kg of the disk. In addition, the HDEHP-impregnated-porous-disc-packed cartridge was found to be applicable to the preconcentration of trace amounts of lanthanides in a multielement solution prior to their measurement by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.     

ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION OF LACTAMS IN MICRODISPERSION. I. KINETIC ASPECTS OF THE PROCESS OF CAPROLACTAM POLYMERIZATION

Kinetics of the anionic polymerization of caprolactam (CL) in microdispersion was investigated at temperatures between 90 and 130°C and at stirring rates between 500 and 2000 rpm, respectively. For the investigated range of temperature data analysis showed pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to the monomer concentration. The rate constants are strongly influenced by temperature, increasing with the increase in temperature. For the associated activation energy, a value of 22.51 kJ/mol was obtained. The reaction order is also influenced by the hydrodynamic regime. It seems that below a threshold value of Reynolds Number, the rate of the reaction is independent of the concentration of CL, following pseudo-zero-order kinetics, which is replaced by first-order kinetics above this threshold value of N _Re. However, in the second region of N _Re, the values of rate constant are almost independent of N _Re.     

Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Antibacterial Polycyclic Polymer

Polyaniline (PAn) and poly(alkyl substituted anilines) were synthesized in aqueous media by chemical polymerization of alkyl substituted aniline in presence of ammonium peroxydisulphate as an oxidant. The products were investigated in terms of morphology, chemical structure, and mechanism of polymerization with scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), respectively. Results indicated that physicochemical properties of poly(alkyl substituted anilines) depend on substituent groups bonded to N-position. In general, alkyl-substituted PAn have similar chemical and optical properties to parent PAn and it seems that the substituted PAn follow the same polymerization mechanism as reported for PAn. The prepared polymers were then tested for the antibacterial properties against Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (E. coli). The antibacterial properties were assessed by measuring the zones of inhibition. The antimicrobial results showed clearly that PAn and poly(alkyl substituted anilines) exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against the growth of E. coli microorganism.