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11.
二芳基碘鎓盐型阳离子光引发剂的
合成和光引发性能测试 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过两步反应合成了6种二芳基碘鎓盐, 研究了4,4′-二乙酰胺基苯基碘六氟磷酸盐的合成,确定了最佳工艺条件:乙酰苯胺与碘酸钾的摩尔比为2.2∶1.0,15 ml乙酸在25 ℃反应24 h,产率为47.6%。通过应用实验,测试了6种产物的光引发剂性能,对碘鎓盐光引发剂的构效关系进行了探讨。实验证明4种负离子为PF-6和BF-4的产物具有较好光引发性和抗氧阻能力。引入共轭基团的二芳基碘鎓盐其最大吸收波长明显增大,光引发性增强。 相似文献
12.
Alexander Zimmermann Qais Z. Jaber Dr. Johannes Koch Steffen Riebe Dr. Cecilia Vallet Dr. Kateryna Loza Matthias Hayduk Dr. Kfir B. Steinbuch Prof. Shirley K. Knauer Prof. Micha Fridman Jun.-Prof. Jens Voskuhl 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(9):1563-1567
We report the characterization of amphiphilic aminoglycoside conjugates containing luminophores with aggregation-induced emission properties as transfection reagents. These inherently luminescent transfection vectors are capable of binding plasmid DNA through electrostatic interactions; this binding results in an emission “on” signal due to restriction of intramolecular motion of the luminophore core. The luminescent cationic amphiphiles effectively transferred plasmid DNA into mammalian cells (HeLa, HEK 293T), as proven by expression of a red fluorescent protein marker. The morphologies of the aggregates were investigated by microscopy as well as ζ-potential and dynamic light-scattering measurements. The transfection efficiencies using luminescent cationic amphiphiles were similar to that of the gold-standard transfection reagent Lipofectamine® 2000. 相似文献
13.
14.
对阳离子型偶联表面活性剂膨化处理的改性硝酸铵进行了电镜扫描、孔径与孔容分布、粒径分布、比表面积、抗吸湿结块性及爆炸性能的实验研究,结果表明:同普通硝酸铵相比,阳离子型偶联改性硝酸铵的晶形不规则,富含气孔;比表面积大,可达3869.56cm^2/g;95%有效孔径处于介孔范围,有较小的粒径范围,主要分布在10~1000μm范围内;并且有良好的抗吸湿结块性,改性硝酸铵的吸湿率比普通硝酸铵的吸湿率降低约60%,抗压破坏力仅为普通硝酸铵的1/6,用其制得的粉状工业炸药具有更好的物理性能和爆炸性能。 相似文献
15.
羧甲基纤维素阳离子化衍生物的研究现状 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
羧甲基纤维素阳离子化改性是制备性能优良的天然两性高分子的重要方法之一。文章综述了迄今为止羧甲基纤维素阳离子化改性所用的阳离子单体的主要类型及其接枝的若干主要途径,其中包括自由基型接枝共聚、高分子侧基反应、聚合后功能化等三大类。 相似文献
16.
N,N,N-三甲基-2,3-二(硬脂酰氧基)丙基氯化铵(CDESA)的生物降解性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用活性环氧中间体失水甘油基三甲基氯化铵合成了一种阳离子双酯表面活性剂——N,N,N-三甲基-2,3-二(硬脂酰氧基)丙基氯化铵(CDESA),来代替传统的难降解的表面活性剂型柔软剂,如目前国内仍在大量使用的双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵(D1821)。对CDESA的好氧降解性能进行了研究:以天然环境中的生活沉降污泥作为微生物源,用河水稀释,经培养、驯化后用于测试降解时间和半衰期,并与D1821的好氧降解性能作了对比。结果表明,CDESA的半衰期为3 d,容易降解,而D1821半衰期为7 d,较难降解,CDESA生物降解性能优于D1821。 相似文献
17.
扩链剂对阳离子聚氨酯乳液性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文讨论了用三乙醇胺制备阳离子聚氨酯乳液,三乙醇胺用量,扩链剂,如乙二醇、丁二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇对乳液性能的影响。还讨论了扩链剂对其粘结强度的影响。 相似文献
18.
A new method of preparation of living cationic polymer of isobutyl vinyl ether via photoinduced polymerization in the presence of diphenyliodonium iodide (DPII, initiator) and zinc iodide in a mixed solvent of toluene/diethyl ether, which was irradiated at ?78°C for short period, was completed within 15 min. The reaction was allowed for further reaction in the dark until monomer was fully consumed. It was found that increase in the conversion of monomer to polymer during the irradiation is very limited. Confirmation of the linear dependence of number‐average molar mass of resulting polymer on % conversion together with the fact that polymerization proceeds until monomer consumption, and controllability of number‐average molar mass of resulting polymer, depending on the molar ratio of monomer and initiator, strongly suggests the living nature of this polymerization, unless reaction temperature becomes higher than 0°C, i.e., the absence of chain breaking process. The narrow molar mass distribution, whose polydispersity index values are less than 1.2, reveals that the rate of initiation where irradiation is usually completed within 15 min is much faster than that of propagation in cationic nature in this system. Effect of some major factors, such as solvent polarity and temperature, on the living nature of the polymerization was also investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3581–3586, 2006 相似文献
19.
This article describes cationic ring‐opening copolymerization of a bicyclic orthoester having hydroxy group (BOE‐OH) and glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE), and the volume shrinkage behavior during the copolymerization. THF soluble polyethers [poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE)] were obtained by the copolymerizations at 80–180°C, while crosslinked poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE) was obtained by the copolymerizations at 220–250°C. This crosslinking reaction may originate from the dehydration of methylol groups in the side chain of poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE). The volume shrinkage during the cationic copolymerization reduced as the increase of the BOE‐OH feed ratio. By contrast, the volume shrinkage on the crosslinking polymerization was almost independent on the BOE‐OH feed ratio. Poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE)s with higher BOE‐OH composition showed lower thermal weight loss temperature owing to the release of H2O by dehydration of methylol groups. The BOE‐OH component in the THF soluble poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE)s lowered the glass transition temperature (Tg), while that in the crosslinked poly(BOE‐OH‐co‐GPE) increased the Tg probably because of the higher crosslinking density. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1356–1361, 2006 相似文献
20.
Formulating middle-phase microemulsions using mixed anionic and cationic surfactant systems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T.?Doan E.?Acosta J.?F.?Scamehorn D.?A.?SabatiniEmail author 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2003,6(3):215-224
Although mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants can show great synergism, their potential to precipitate and form liquid
crystals has limited their use. Previous studies have shown that alcohol addition can prevent liquid crystal formation, thereby
allowing formation of middle-phase microemulsions with mixed anionic-cationic systems. This research investigates the role
of surfactant selection in designing alcohol-free anionic-cationic microemulsions. Microemulsion phase behavior was studied
for three anionic-cationic surfactant systems and three oils of widely varying hydrophobicity [trichloroethylene (TCE), hexane,
and n-hexadecane]. Consistent with our hypothesis, using a branched surfactant and surfactants with varying tail length allowed
us to form alcohol-free middle-phase microemulsion using mixed anionic-cationic systems (i.e., liquid crystals did not form).
The anionic to cationic molar ratio required to form middle-phase microemulsions approached 1∶1 for univalent surfactants
as oil hydrophobicity increased (i.e., TCE to hexane to n-hexadecane); even for these equimolar systems, liquid crystal formation was avoided. To test the use of these anionic-cationic
surfactant mixtures in surfactant-enhanced subsurface remediation, we performed soil column studies: Greater than 95% of the
oil was extracted in 2.5 pore volumes using an anionic-rich surfactant system. By contrast, cationic-rich systems performed
very poorly (<1% oil removal), reflecting significant losses of the cationic-rich surfactant system in the porous media. The
results thus suggest that, when properly designed, anionic-rich mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants can be efficient
for environmental remediation. By corollary, other industrial applications and consumer products should also find these mixtures
advantageous. 相似文献