管式聚合反应器温度分布的动态建模与广义PI控制

针对阳离子聚合反应器的温度分布建模与控制问题,提出了一种基于B样条神经网络的广义PI控制方法.首先采用B样条复合网络建立分布函数的动态和静态模型,并基于该模型,将分布函数的跟踪问题等效为动态权值向量的时间域跟踪问题.最后给出一种新型的广义PI控制方法,实现对给定温度分布的跟踪控制.同时,为了更好地抑制未知干扰、参数摄动以及模型不匹配等问题,模型权值状态、模型输出与实测温度分布所对应的权值误差都被引入到反馈控制回路,因此能够大大增强系统的鲁棒性与抗干扰能力.仿真结果表明该方法的可行性.     

Biodegradable blend films based on two polysaccharide derivatives and their use as ibuprofen‐releasing matrices

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FTIR, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and viscosity methods were used to examine the miscibility, interaction, and degradability of cationic guar gum (GG) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) in their blend films. The experiment results prove that there exist electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding between GG and NaCMC. Blend films degrade quicker than pure GG or NaCMC film. Furthermore, the degradation rate of blend films is related to the interactions between GG and NaCMC. Based on the research of blend films as the drug carriers for Ibuprofen, it is found that the blend composition, initial drug concentration, and pH value affect the drug release and the GG/NaCMC blend films have good sustained release performance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3553–3559, 2007     

微波条件下合成小麦阳离子淀粉

采用微波加热、半干法合成小麦阳离子淀粉,讨论了各因素对小麦阳离子淀粉合成的影响,并通过响应面实验拟合取代度与各影响因素之间的模型函数.结果表明:阳离子淀粉合成最佳条件是氢氧化钠4.2 g,醚化剂10 mL,淀粉乳浓度45%,加热时间9 min.     

四氟硼酸二芳基碘鎓盐的合成及其表征

本文合成了四氟硼酸二芳基碘鎓盐阳离子紫外光引发剂，并且从红外、核磁、紫外光谱以及熔点测定进行了表征。结果表明，该合成方法的产率达58%，接近国外文献报道产率。     

正负离子表面活性剂混合系统双水相的萃取作用

通过偏光实验及一定浓度双水相吸光度的测定 ,研究了 SDS/ CTAB/ H2 O/ Na Br混合系统双水相对罗丹明 B和亚甲基蓝的萃取作用。结果表明 :被萃取物的电性对分配系数有重要影响 ,阴离子双水相易萃取带正电的物质 ,阳离子双水相易萃取带负电的物质     

3,9-二羟甲基-3′,9′-二苯基-1,5,7,11-四氧杂螺环[5,5]十一烷的合成及聚合反应

利用苯乙醛与甲醛之间的坎尼扎罗反应合成２－苯基－２－羟甲基丙二醇，进而合成新的螺环化合物：３，９－二羟甲基－３′，９′－二苯基－１，５，７，１１－四氧杂螺环［５，５］十一烷．通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和元素分析证实了它的组成和结构．在三氟化硼单乙胺络合物的作用下，该化合物能够进行双开环聚合反应．用膨胀计法跟踪测试了在聚合反应过程中它的体积膨胀率约为３．８％，并对聚合反应机理作了初步探讨．     

Synthesis and properties of bromide‐ functionalized poly(isobutylene‐co‐p‐ methylstyrene) random copolymer

Poly(isobutylene‐co‐p‐methylstyrene) (IB/p‐MS) random copolymer is a new generation of polyisobutylene‐based elastomers. The cationic copolymerization of IB with p‐MS was thoroughly examined by using 2‐chloro‐2,4,4‐trimethylpentane/ethylaluminiumsesquichloride/electron donor as initiating system. IB/p‐MS random copolymers with high molecular weight were obtained at elevated temperature through the addition of ethyl acetate; the reaction proceeded in a mildly exothermic manner. Although the reactivity ratios of comonomer pairs differ by close to an order of magnitude, p‐MS was uniformly distributed in the chains. IB/p‐MS random copolymer can be brominated by adding molecular bromine into the copolymer solution, thereby yielding a completely saturated polymer backbone with a chemically reactive site. The types and selection of appropriate vulcanization systems for bromide‐functionalized IB/p‐MS random copolymers are also discussed. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry     

Design Principles for Cationic,Astrocyte-Targeted Probes

The brain's astrocytes play key roles in normal and pathological brain processes. Targeting small molecules to astrocytes in the presence of the many other cell types in the brain will provide useful tools for their visualization and manipulation. Herein, we explore the functional consequences of synthetic modifications to a recently described astrocyte marker composed of a bright rhodamine-based fluorophore and an astrocyte-targeting moiety. We altered the nature of the targeting moiety to probe the dependence of astrocyte targeting on hydrophobicity, charge, and pK_a when exposed to astrocytes and neurons isolated from the mouse cortex. We found that an overall molecular charge of +2 and a targeting moiety with a heterocyclic aromatic amine are important requirements for specific and robust astrocyte labeling. These results provide a basis for engineering astrocyte-targeted molecular tools with unique properties, including metabolite sensing or optogenetic control.     

疏水缔合型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成及絮凝性能

以甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯(TFEMA)为疏水单体、丙烯酰胺(AM)为主单体、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为阳离子单体,以过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠为复合引发剂,采用自由基胶束聚合法合成了共聚物P(AM-DMC-TFEMA)。分别考察了反应温度、引发剂用量、单体总质量分数及反应时间对P(AM-DMC-TFEMA)的产率及阳离子度的影响。确定较佳工艺条件为:反应温度65℃,引发剂用量占单体总质量的2%,单体总质量分数26%,反应时间3 h。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)和环境扫描电镜(ESEM)对其结构进行了表征。同时考察了P(AM-DMCTFEMA)对硅藻土悬浮液的絮凝效果,结果表明,其对硅藻土具有良好的絮凝效果,絮凝时间仅为20 s,合成的共聚物上清液透过率为97.31%。     

Partially crystalline epoxy networks with superior mechanical and adhesion properties

The mechanical and adhesion behavior of cationically polymerized, partially crystalline epoxy networks is presented. For this, a reactive and a nonreactive poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) were used as the crystalline component for the formation of copolymers and polymer alloys, respectively. The trade-off between toughness on the one hand and glass transition temperature and mechanical strength on the other can be reduced by the presence of nanostructures in combination with small crystalline domains (相似文献