氯气余热利用

通过技术改造,利用电解工序氯气所带的热能与精盐水换热,从而达到节能减排目的,年节约蒸汽约1.5万t。     

Fe3+掺杂TiO2薄膜材料的制备与光催化性能研究

以载玻片为基材,通过溶胶-凝胶技术制备Fe3+离子掺杂的TiO2薄膜。采用甲基橙作为目标降解物,研究Fe3+掺杂薄膜的光催化活性,采用X-射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外-可见光吸收谱等技术对薄膜相关特征进行了表征。研究表明,当Fe/Ti物质量比为0.25%时,光催化活性最高。经500℃焙烧2h制备TiO2薄膜具有锐钛矿结构,TiO2粒子大小均匀,有孔隙结构。掺杂Fe3+使薄膜TiO2粒子减小,孔隙率增加,而粒子粒径分布不均匀增加,且吸收强度增加吸收边有一定的红移。     

Electrochemical immunoassay for human chorionic gonadotrophin based on Pt hollow nanospheres and silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposite matrix

BACKGROUND: A new electrochemical immunosensor for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) assay was developed based on Pt hollow nanospheres and silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposites. Silver nanoparticles were initially doped into TiO₂ and chitosan (Cs) colloids to form silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposites (Ag? TiO₂? Cs), which had good redox electrochemical activity and excellent film‐forming ability. Then, the free amino groups of chitosan were used to attach Pt hollow nanospheres for immobilization of human chorionic gonadotropin antibody (anti‐HCG) to construct an immunosensor. RESULTS: Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed consecutive growth of the multilayer films, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to describe the microstructure of nanoparticles. Optimal response of the immunosensor was obtained at pH 6.5 and 25 °C with an incubation time of 40 min. The immunosensor exhibited a linear range from 0.5 to 250 mIU mL^?1 HCG with a detection limit of 0.26 mIU mL^?1 at three times background noise. The selectivity, stability and repeatability of the immunosensor were satisfactory. CONCLUSION: The strategy showed low‐cost, high sensitivity, broad linear range and fast analytical time. It is expected that the immobilized technique and the detection methodology could be further developed for other proteins. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Photocatalytic hydrogenation of acetophenone derivatives and diaryl ketones on polycrystalline titanium dioxide

In the absence of molecular oxygen, various aromatic ketones such as acetophenone derivatives and diaryl ketones were photocatalytically hydrogenated on polycrystalline titanium dioxide (Degussa P25) under UV light irradiation (> 340 nm). The desired secondary alcohols were obtained with excellent chemical efficiency (almost 100% yields for 10 examples) by choosing ethanol as a sacrificial hole scavenger, which was oxidized into acetaldehyde.     

Integrated synthesis and extraction of short‐chain fatty acid esters by supercritical carbon dioxide

We developed an efficient, integrated reaction‐extraction process for the production of short‐chain fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) from milk fat, using carbon dioxide as the only processing solvent. FAEE were synthesized using a short‐chain fatty acid selective lipase. The expansion of the liquid mixture of reactants by dense carbon dioxide enhanced the apparent lipase selectivity. In situ extraction of FAEE by a continuous flow of supercritical carbon dioxide proved to increase the lipase production rate. When the integrated process was operated with alternated periods of synthesis and product removal, the overall selectivity for short‐chain FAEE increased as well, as a result of the combination of the selectivities of lipase and extraction solvent. A two‐fold increase of the lipase productivity was achieved at these conditions, compared to a single batch reaction. The developed process enables the synthesis and isolation of high‐value fatty acid derivatives from a natural source such as milk fat. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009     

Effect of Mo on corrosion behavior of Ni20Cr–xMo alloys in air with NaCl–KCl–CaCl2 vapor at 570°C

The effect of Mo on the corrosion behavior of Ni20Cr–xMo alloys in an oxidizing chlorine-containing atmosphere using air mixed with the salt-vapor mixture of NaCl–KCl–CaCl₂ at 570°C was investigated. The results revealed that the corrosion performance of the Ni20Cr alloys in the oxidizing chlorine atmosphere was improved by Mo addition of up to 3 wt%. The Mo-free alloy formed a potassium chromate during corrosion as a result of the reaction between the Cr₂O₃ scale and KCl vapor. The chromate formation increased the chlorine potential at the scale surface and induced the breakdown of the protective Cr₂O₃ scale, resulting in internal chromium chloride precipitates and a Cr-depleted zone. In contrast, the presence of Mo resulted in the formation of a NiO scale, which did not react with the salt vapors and, therefore, prevented the formation of chromates. The beneficial effect of Mo on the high-temperature chlorination of Ni–Cr alloys in salt-vapor-containing atmospheres was ascribed to the suppression of chlorine generation due to NiO scale formation.     

掺Fe3+纳米二氧化钛对活性艳红X-3B的光降解性能的研究

采用溶胶——凝胶法制备不同掺铁量及不同pH值下的一系列纳米TiO2光催化剂,对模拟活性艳红X-3B染料废水进行降解,对其光催化活性进行研究。实验表明:Fe3+-TiO2比纯纳米TiO2具有更好的催化活性,且Fe3+最佳掺杂量为0.05%,最佳制备pH值为4,最佳用量为1.2g/L。     

载铁(Fe~(2+))螯合树脂去除饮用水中余氯的性能研究

用D401氨基羧酸螯合树脂吸附Fe2+,获得了具有还原性能的载铁改性树脂,利用水中余氯与Fe2+的氧化还原作用,实现了对水中微量余氯的去除。实验结果表明,余氯去除的最佳条件为:载铁量为39.648 mg/g的改性树脂平衡振荡3 h,pH控制在5~8,此时除氯率为98.56%。水中常见共存离子不影响氯的去除效果。用0.5%的VC溶液可将树脂还原再生,再生后的树脂可循环使用且除氯效果稳定,全过程无其他离子引入水中。获得了一种新的从饮用水中去除有害余氯方法。     

纳米TiO_2的制备及光催化性能的研究

以TiCl4为钛源,用正交实验设计方法,探究了水解法制备TiO2最佳反应条件,即烧结温度为600℃,盐酸用量为1.7 mL,pH值为8。同时研究了催化剂用量和时间对TiO2光催化降解甲基橙的降解率的影响,实验结果表明,当催化剂用量为4 g/L,光催化时间为60 min时,降解率可达到90%以上。     

环氧稀释剂(1,2,8,9-双环氧-4-乙烯基环己烯)合成方法研究进展

本文介绍了用有机过氧酸、次卤酸及其衍生物和过硫酸盐三种氧化剂合成4-乙烯基环己烯双环氧化合物的方法,并对几种方法进行了机理分析和比较,结果表明:采用过硫酸盐氧化法得到的收率最高(78%),而且方法简便,成本低廉。