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31.
高层建筑损伤识别中的补偿算法 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6
本文在已有研究工作的基础上,提出了处理激励测量信息不完备情况下的补偿算法。此方法主要针对高层建筑动力检测中强迫激励的情况,是一种基于时域的识别方法,该方法实际上是利用客观工程实际中结构系统激励所具有的物理持征作为识别计算的辅助条件,来解决测量信息的不完备性问题。算例分析表明了该方法的可行性。 相似文献
33.
本文研究了加法复合布尔函数和乘法复合布尔函数,在平衡性、k次项系数、K次扩散准则(PC)、相关免疫 性(CI)、Walsh谱、代数次数、小项分布等方面得到了一批新结果。 相似文献
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The microstructure and thermal behavior of the Sn-Zn-Ag solder were investigated for 8.73–9% Zn and 0–3.0% Ag. The scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows the Ag-Zn compound when the solder contains 0.1% Ag. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis
results indicate that Ag5Zn8 and AgZn3 become prominent when the Ag content is 0.3% and above. Meanwhile, the Zn-rich phase is refined, and the Zn orientations
gradually diminish upon increase in Ag content. The morphology of the Ag-Zn compound varies from nodular to dendrite structure
when the Ag content increases. The growth of the Ag-Zn compounds is accompanied by the diminishing of the eutectic structure
of the Sn-9Zn solder. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigation reveals that the solidus temperature of these
solders exists at around 198°C. A single, sharp exothermic peak was found for the solders with Ag content less than 0.5%.
Liquidus temperatures were identified with the DSC analysis to vary from 206°C to 215°C when the Ag content ranges from 1.0%
to 3.0% 相似文献
37.
In general, this paper deals with general nonlinear oscillations of a nonconservative and single degree-of-freedom system with odd nonlinearity and, in particular, it presents accurate higher-order analytical approximate solutions to van der Pol damped nonlinear oscillators having odd nonlinearity and the Rayleigh equation. By combining the linearization of the governing equation with harmonic balancing and the method of averaging, we establish accurate analytical approximate solutions for the general weakly damped nonlinear systems. Unlike the classical harmonic balance method, simple linear algebraic equations instead of nonlinear algebraic equations are obtained upon linearization prior to harmonic balancing. The combination of these two methods results in very accurate transient response of the periodic solution. In addition and for the first time, this paper also presents a method for deducing fourth-, fifth- and higher-order linearized governing equations from the lower-order equations without the requirement of formulating the problem from the first principle. Three examples including the van der Pol damped nonlinear oscillator are presented to illustrate the excellent agreement with approximate solution using the exact frequency. 相似文献
38.
A new discretization method for aggregation equations is developed. It is compared to the fixed pivot technique proposed by Kumar and Ramkrishna (1996a. On the solution of population balance equations by discretization—I. A fixed pivot technique. Chemical Engineering Science 51, 1311-1332). The numerical results for aggregation problems by discretized population balances are consistently overpredicting and diverge before the gelling point in the case of a gelling kernel. The present work establishes a new technique which assigns the particles within the cells more precisely. This is achieved by taking first the average of the newborn particles within the cell and then assigning them to the neighboring nodes such that pre-chosen properties are exactly preserved. The new technique preserves all the advantages of the conventional discretized methods and provides a significant improvement in predicting the particle size distribution (PSD). In addition, it is found that the technique is a powerful tool for the computation of gelling problems. The effectiveness of the technique is illustrated by application to several aggregation problems for suitably selected aggregation kernels including physically relevant kernels. 相似文献
39.
Morphology of intermetallic compounds formed between lead-free Sn-Zn based solders and Cu substrates
The morphologies of intermetallic compounds formed between Sn-Zn based solders and Cu substrates were investigated in this
study. The investigated solders were Sn-9Zn, Sn-8.55Zn-0.45Al, and Sn-8.55Zn-0.45Al-0.5Ag. The experimental results indicated
that the Sn-9Zn solder formed Cu5Zn8 and CuZn5 compounds on the Cu substrate, while the Al-containing solders formed the Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7 compound. The addition of Ag to the Sn-8.55Zn-0.45Al solder resulted in the formation of the AgZn3 compound at the interface between the Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7 compound and the solder. Furthermore, it was found that the cooling rate of the specimen after soldering had an effect on
the quantity of AgZn3 compound formed at the interface. The AgZn3 compound formed with an air-cooling condition exhibited a rougher surface and larger size than with a water-quenched condition.
It was believed that the formation of the AgZn3 compound at the interface occurs through heterogenous nucleation during solidification. 相似文献
40.
Process optimisation and optimal control of batch and continuous drum granulation processes are studied in this paper. The main focus of the current research has been: (i) construction of optimisation and control relevant, population balance models through the incorporation of moisture content, drum rotation rate and bed depth into the coalescence kernels; (ii) investigation of optimal operational conditions using constrained optimisation techniques; (iii) development of optimal control algorithms based on discretized population balance equations; and (iv) comprehensive simulation studies on optimal control of both batch and continuous granulation processes. The objective of steady state optimisation is to minimise the recycle rate with minimum cost for continuous processes. It has been identified that the drum rotation-rate, bed depth (material charge), and moisture content of solids are practical decision (design) parameters for system optimisation. The objective for the optimal control of batch granulation processes is to maximize the mass of product-sized particles with minimum time and binder consumption. The objective for the optimal control of the continuous process is to drive the process from one steady state to another in a minimum time with minimum binder consumption, which is also known as the state-driving problem. It has been known for some time that the binder spray-rate is the most effective control (manipulative) variable. Although other possible manipulative variables, such as feed flow-rate and additional powder flow-rate have been investigated in the complete research project, only the single input problem with the binder spray rate as the manipulative variable is addressed in the paper to demonstrate the methodology. It can be shown from simulation results that the proposed models are suitable for control and optimisation studies, and the optimisation algorithms connected with either steady state or dynamic models are successful for the determination of optimal operational conditions and dynamic trajectories with good convergence properties. 相似文献