煤层气抽采直流微网建模与稳定性分析

针对目前煤层气抽采现场用电不合理现状,构建一种新型煤层气抽采直流微网供电系统,并对该直流微网系统稳定性及控制策略进行研究。煤层气抽采直流微网供电系统分三层结构:第一层由光伏和蓄电池组成能量供给层;第二层由双向Buck/Boost变换器构成能量传输和分配层;第三层由煤层气抽采机构成负荷层。基于此架构推导了第一、二层输出阻抗Zo(s),并建立第三层煤层气抽采机电动机输入阻抗Zin(s)与受控源K??m串联的小信号模型,在此基础上得到系统全局小信号模型。考虑到呈现负阻抗特性的煤层气抽采机电动机周期性动态交变负荷引起的系统不稳定,在能量传输和分配层分析并讨论了一种基于虚拟阻抗的直流微网稳定性控制策略,以及利用下垂控制实现负荷功率动态平衡分配的方法。进一步利用阻抗匹配原则求解多项式1/(1+Zo(s)/Zin(s))主导极点,比较采取该稳定性控制策略前后的主导极点位置并分析直流微网系统稳定性。最后基于Matlab/Simulink搭建由光伏阵列、储能单元和煤层气抽采机组成的煤层气抽采直流微网系统模型,系统仿真证明了稳定性控制策略的有效性。     

动态场景下基于视觉的SLAM技术研究

针对视觉同时定位与地图构建(SLAM)技术在动态环境中存在定位精度低、地图虚影等问题,提出了一种基于深度学习的动态SLAM算法。该算法利用网络参数少且目标识别率高的YOLOv8n改善系统的视觉前端,为视觉前端增加语义信息,提取动态区域特征点。然后采用LK光流法识别动态区域的动态特征点,剔除动态特征点并保留动态区域内的静态特征点,提高特征点利用率。此外,该算法通过增加地图构建线程,剔除YOLOv8n提取的动态物体点云,接收前端提取的语义信息,实现静态语义地图构建,消除由动态物体产生的虚影。实验结果显示,在动态环境下该算法与ORB-SLAM3相比,定位精度提升92.71%,与其他动态视觉SLAM算法相比,也有小幅度改善。     

Single-Step Fast Tissue Clearing of Thick Mouse Brain Tissue for Multi-Dimensional High-Resolution Imaging

Recent advances in optical clearing techniques have dramatically improved deep tissue imaging by reducing the obscuring effects of light scattering and absorption. However, these optical clearing methods require specialized equipment or a lengthy undertaking with complex protocols that can lead to sample volume changes and distortion. In addition, the imaging of cleared tissues has limitations, such as fluorescence bleaching, harmful and foul-smelling solutions, and the difficulty of handling samples in high-viscosity refractive index (RI) matching solutions. To address the various limitations of thick tissue imaging, we developed an Aqueous high refractive Index matching and tissue Clearing solution for Imaging (termed AICI) with a one-step tissue clearing protocol that was easily made at a reasonable price in our own laboratory without any equipment. AICI can rapidly clear a 1 mm thick brain slice within 90 min with simultaneous RI matching, low viscosity, and a high refractive index (RI = 1.466), allowing the imaging of the sample without additional processing. We compared AICI with commercially available RI matching solutions, including optical clear agents (OCAs), for tissue clearing. The viscosity of AICI is closer to that of water compared with other RI matching solutions, and there was a less than 2.3% expansion in the tissue linear morphology during 24 h exposure to AICI. Moreover, AICI remained fluid over 30 days of air exposure, and the EGFP fluorescence signal was only reduced to ~65% after 10 days. AICI showed a limited clearing of brain tissue >3 mm thick. However, fine neuronal structures, such as dendritic spines and axonal boutons, could still be imaged in thick brain slices treated with AICI. Therefore, AICI is useful not only for the three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution identification of neuronal structures, but also for the examination of multiple structural imaging by neuronal distribution, projection, and gene expression in deep brain tissue. AICI is applicable beyond the imaging of fluorescent antibodies and dyes, and can clear a variety of tissue types, making it broadly useful to researchers for optical imaging applications.     

锅炉煤质变化应对措施探讨

针对青岛发电厂锅炉设备特点和燃煤质量不稳定的状况,提出燃煤质量的判别方法和技术要求,对锅炉设备进行改进,改善燃烧调整能力和锅炉受热面承受能力,提高了锅炉热效率和设备安全性。     

山东球墨铸铁管有限公司焦炭货场改造

山东球墨铸铁管有限公司350m^3高炉投产后,原有的焦炭货场场地小,而焦炭用量增大、供货厂家增多,无法做到混匀人炉。通过采取对焦炭进行分区管理和高架布料混匀改造后,焦炭质量趋向稳定;焦末的生成量从1318％降低到8．9％,提高了焦炭的利用率;同时焦比降低。     

浮选图像中泡沫边缘分割

矿物浮选过程中泡沫的表面特征是浮选性能的重要指标,它可以实时、直观地反映浮选效果的变化,准确分割泡沫的边缘信息是浮选过程中一项重要的任务。近年来,研究人员提出了各种浮选泡沫图像分割算法,但浮选泡沫图像中存在泡沫数量多、泡沫间粘连严重以及边缘不清晰等问题,现存的方法由于其特征提取能力有限,无法精确的分割泡沫边缘。据此,本文利用深度学习提出了一种基于多尺度融合的浮选泡沫图像边缘分割算法,该算法通过引入一种深度高分辨率的编码结构以及一种基于注意力的分层融合方法来增强模型的特征提取能力,从而提高对于浮选泡沫边缘的分割效果。具体而言,深度高分辨率的编码结构可以在不同分辨率层级上同时维护特征信息,使我们的网络模型可以有效地捕捉不同尺度的信息,在提高图像语义理解能力的同时能够保持更多的细节信息,提高处理高分辨率以及密集任务图像的能力。除此之外,本文设计了一种基于注意力的分层融合方法来充分融合深层和浅层的特征图,使融合得到的特征图趋向于更重要的特征信息,从而提高识别浮选泡沫的边界和精确定位浮选泡沫的能力。该算法在泡沫边界分割数据集上凭借58.25的泡沫IoU以及73.62的泡沫Fscore取得了最佳的性能,证明了我们提出的算法可以更加准确地分割浮选泡沫边缘。     

煤质预测、预报与配煤入选

根据南桐选煤厂入选的原煤来源复杂、煤质差异大和产品用户多等特点,分析该厂在煤质预测、预报与配煤入选方面的可行性和必要性,并介绍煤质预测、预报和配煤方面的实践经验.     

Study on rock burst of fully mechanized sublevel caving mining in deep mine

The theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field observation were used to study distribution characters of abutment pressure of fully mechanized sublevel caving face in deep mine, fully mechanized sublevel caving and pressure relief in entries along goaf to the influence of rock burst. The results show that： （1） With the increasing of mining depth, the abutment pressure zone is larger, its peak point is transferred to the front of face, the danger area occurring rock burst in the two fully mechanized sublevel caving entries is larger, and its position is far from the face; （2） There is larger failure area in the upper coal in front of the fully mechanized caving face, and strata possibly occurring rock burst transferred to the upwards or far from faces because of the main roof＇s buffer effect to the dynamic pressure burst, then possibility and strength reduced; （3） The position occurring rock burst is stress concentration zones （abutment pressure along the goaf and residual tectonic stress） and zones with geological structure; （4） Strenuous activities of roof is the inducing factor occurring rock burst.     

The creep experiment and theoretical model analysis of gas- containing coal

A creep experiment of preformed molding coal under different confining pressures were carried out using self-developed 3-triaxial creep loading device for gas-containing coal, which loaded by Shimadzu AGI-250 kN electrical servo-controlled stiffness testing machine. Based on the experimental results, the variation trend of axial deformation under different stress states was studied, and creep failure characteristics of gas-containing coal under different confining pressures were analyzed. The experimental results were identified with seven-component nonlinear viscoelasto-plastic creep model （Hohai model）, and the creep material parameters were obtained. The experimental result complies well with the theoretical value of this model. It indicates that creep constitutive relation of gas-containing coal can be expressed by nonlinear viscoelasto-plastic creep model correctly.     

机电设计技术实践与应用

介绍了米村煤矿两个煤柱工作面的情况,通过对工作面机电设计方案进行优化,实现了复杂地质条件下不规则工作面的合理集中生产,获得了较高的投入产出比,具有一定的借鉴价值。