Deep Scalogram Representations for Acoustic Scene Classification

Spectrogram representations of acoustic scenes have achieved competitive performance for acoustic scene classification. Yet, the spectrogram alone does not take into account a substantial amount of time-frequency information. In this study, we present an approach for exploring the benefits of deep scalogram representations, extracted in segments from an audio stream. The approach presented firstly transforms the segmented acoustic scenes into bump and morse scalograms, as well as spectrograms; secondly, the spectrograms or scalograms are sent into pre-trained convolutional neural networks; thirdly, the features extracted from a subsequent fully connected layer are fed into (bidirectional) gated recurrent neural networks, which are followed by a single highway layer and a softmax layer; finally, predictions from these three systems are fused by a margin sampling value strategy. We then evaluate the proposed approach using the acoustic scene classification data set of 2017 IEEE AASP Challenge on Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE). On the evaluation set, an accuracy of 64.0% from bidirectional gated recurrent neural networks is obtained when fusing the spectrogram and the bump scalogram, which is an improvement on the 61.0% baseline result provided by the DCASE 2017 organisers. This result shows that extracted bump scalograms are capable of improving the classification accuracy, when fusing with a spectrogram-based system.      

软土场地不规则深基坑旋喷锚护支撑技术

某工程基坑具有周边环境开阔、开挖范围内土质条件差、基坑平面形状不规则、开挖面积大等特点。对比优选对撑和角撑的结合、环形支撑、锚杆拉撑等支撑形式，大部分区域采用对撑和角撑相结合形式，在沉井位置处加设拉梁板支撑，在对撑和角撑难以布置的区段采用斜向旋喷锚桩作为外拉锚撑，在需严格保护的文物建筑区段，采用布置角撑及拉梁钻孔桩的形式。监测数据表明，基坑水平位移及竖直位移均在设计要求变形控制范围内，且取得了较好经济效益。     

Reduction of the sheet thickness variation and its negative effects on the accuracy of mini drawn parts using different geometries of tool components

Like in the case of macro deep drawing, the sheet thickness of mini drawn parts, with dimensions smaller than 20 mm and made from very thin sheets, is unevenly distributed and varies from minimum values resulted in the zone of part edge radius to maximum values in the upper zone of part vertical walls. Such variation of sheet thickness can cause for the resulted drawn parts some geometric deviations from their theoretic geometry or it can determine the parts failure. Hence, the main objective of the mini scale deep drawing processes is to obtain an increased accuracy by reducing the sheet thickness variation, or in other words to minimize the values of sheet thinning and thickening. The present paper analyses the results of investigations made by experiment and simulation concerning the use of different geometries of the tool components that permit to control and minimize the sheet thickness variation in the mini cylindrical drawn part zones where this phenomenon can generate negative effects and determine the part inaccuracy. The new geometries of tools were obtained by modifying the state of stress in the deformed sheet using adequate geometries of active surfaces of the die cavity and blank holder plate.     

煤层气井试井测试中常见问题与技术对策

煤层气井与常规油气井储层在孔隙结构、赋存状态、产出机理上完全不同,试井方法亦不相同。针对煤层气产出特征、资料录取要求,重点探讨煤层气井注入/压降试井工艺技术中常见的问题与对策,结合测试井的不同情况,优化试井方案,采取单封、双封不同管柱结构工艺技术,可有效降低井筒储集效应对测试工作的影响,现场应用效果显著,对煤层气井试井测试具有借鉴意义。     

变表皮系数试井解释模型建立及应用

目前大部分试井数学模型将表皮系数视为常数,然而这仅是一种简化的处理。在实际生产过程中,注入或产出的流体可能冲刷岩石颗粒或者携带杂质颗粒进入地层,因此表皮系数是随时间变化的。文中将受影响区域的平均渗透率定义为一个时间的函数,利用经典表皮系数的定义,建立了表皮系数与时间的关系式,称之为变表皮系数;将该变表皮系数代替传统试井解释模型内视为常数的表皮系数,建立变表皮系数试井解释数学模型;利用拉普拉斯变换求解出该模型在拉氏空间内的解,并利用Stehfest数值反演计算出实空间的解;做出无量纲井壁压力和压力导数随时间变化的双对数图,并分析了变表皮系数表达式中各参数对无量纲井壁压力及压力导数的影响。文中利用胜利油田胜2区块一口井的实测试井数据进行实例分析,说明了该模型的适用性。     

采出井6段以上细分配产技术

为了提高油层的动用程度,实现油层的精细划分,研究出一种采出井6段以上细分层产量控制工艺。通过油管和套管之间的环形空间下入电控式测调仪,与井下可调式分层配产器进行对接,依据监测数据对高产液层段状态进行直观分析判断,实现一次下井完成各层段产液量的合理控制,使各层段均保持合理流压,充分发挥产油潜力。通过配套细分工艺的研究,满足了采出井6段以上的细分控制,达到了剩余油深度挖潜的目的。     

盐卤水平井对接连通技术在长宁盐矿的应用

随着水平钻井技术的发展和完善,对接连通法开采方式已成为目前国内外盐矿开发最有效的技术手段。长宁盐矿盐卤水平井对接连通的成功实施不仅为盐卤、石油开采,而且为其他流体矿藏的开采提供了一条新的途径。     

三维悬链线轨道设计的数值算法

有学者提出了考虑方位漂移的三维悬链线轨道设计问题,并建立了数学模型和数值求解的基本思路,为方位漂移轨道设计技术的应用提供了理论框架,但对求解数学模型的实际算法描述不甚清晰,有可能影响其在大位移井工程设计实践中的广泛应用。考虑方位漂移因素的设计约束方程组是一个具有3个独立未知数、多个隐含未知数的非线性方程组,需要使用数值迭代法才能求出其数值解。给出解析形式的垂深增量公式,利用约束方程组中的垂深方程,将3个独立未知数中的一个表示为其他未知数的函数,从而使设计约束方程组可以降维为二元非线性方程组,降低了数值求解的规模和难度。结合隐含未知数的递推计算策略,采用缩半网格法能可靠地求出降维后的设计约束方程组的数值解,特别适用于计算机编程实现。