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文章在简要回顾科技进步对四川油气工业发展巨在推动作用的基础上,全面总结了“八五”前三年四川石油管理局在推进科技进步、促进油气“增储上产”和技术经济效益提高所取得的１５个方面成绩;在简要分析全局当前面临的形势的基础上,提出了“八五”后两年和２０００年科技进步的奋斗目标和十个方面的主要任务;对勘探开发工作,提出了应遵循的十个主要技术原则的意见,对进一步推进全局科技进步,从五个方面提出了要求,以期达到一     

“复关”对海洋石油勘探开发企业的影响及我们的对策

中国在不久的将来就要“复关”,这是不以任何一个企业的经济利益为转移的客观事实。本文通过多方面的分析认为,“复关”对主要从事海上油气资源勘探开发的中国海洋石油总公司来讲,挑战大于机遇。“复关”后,汇率有可能进一步调整;国内原材料、劳务等价格体系要与国际市场接轨;进口的材料和设备有可能取消减免关税的优惠。“复关”后油价基本趋于缓慢增长的态势,而勘探、开发、生产油气的成本要大幅度增加,目前我们发现的油气田又大都为边际油田,这就给海洋石油勘探开发油气资源带来巨大的困难。本文分析以上的不利因素后指出,我们应实事求是地面对现实,研究制定经营战略,通过寻求新的动态平衡,来促进我们企业的生存与发展。     

Economic modeling of board test strategies

A long and deep recession, coupled with continuous competitive pressure to reduce costs, is forcing many companies to review their test strategies. Testing costs have become a more significant proportion of the overall manufacturing cost even though manufacturing yields have increased dramatically over the past ten or twelve years. This causes attention to be focused on testing costs as a key source of cost reduction. The increased use of DFT and the integration of design and test are very positive moves towards controlling testing costs but other methods employed can often backfire. The increased use of low priced testers is one such method. The pressure to reduce costs, higher process yields and exhortations that testing adds no value can lead the test engineering manager to take the cheap route. In reality this can often turn out to be an expensive decision. The only way to avoid expensive mistakes is to perform an economic analysis of the alternative courses of action. In most cases this is done, but not always in the right manner or with the necessary amount of detail to make the comparisons meaningful. This article discusses the need for effective cost analysis of test strategies and highlights some of the pitfalls.     

基于快速原型的感应电机电流源激励系统开发

使用Rtunit快速原型开发系统对感应电机电流源激励系统进行快速开发和控制。在MATLAB/Simulink中完成对三相可编程电流源系统的建模和仿真,使用配套的组件将其转化为工程代码下载到硬件控制器中,通过集成开发环境在线检测和修改对应参数控制三相全桥逆变器,完成了三相电流源激励系统的开发,该系统可以稳定输出可实时调频调幅的三相电流源激励。测试结果表明,该方法在满足需求的条件下,编程简单,开发周期短,成本低,效率高。     

基于多分区自适应改进果蝇算法的风光燃储微电网协调控制策略

为了使微电网控制系统中PI控制器的参数能够更好地适应可再生能源的随机性和波动性,提出了基于自适应步长的四分区多策略果蝇优化算法(fruit fly optimization algorithm, FOA)对PI参数进行实时优化。首先,以风光燃储微电网不同微源控制系统中的变换器为控制对象,建立微电网整体控制系统模型,基于此模型实时调整PI参数。然后,根据不同果蝇个体的适应度值将果蝇种群分为4个区,同时考虑4个区果蝇收敛性以及多样性的差异,设计不同的自适应更新策略。最后,采用所提算法对各微源控制过程中的PI参数进行寻优,与其他3种智能算法进行对比,验证了所提算法的可行性和优越性。仿真结果表明,所提算法可以使系统变换器响应速度更快,输出更加稳定。     

Boosting the confidence of new product development teams: The role of team boundary spanning,team size and functional diversity

In today's highly interconnected, uncertain and dynamic business environment, team boundary spanning has become an important determinant of the performance of new product development (NPD) projects. Despite the positive evidence supporting the use of boundary spanning activities by NPD teams, little is still known about how boundary spanning teams become high-performance teams. The current study advances research on this subject by examining the mediating effect of team potency on the relationship between team boundary spanning and new product performance, as well as the moderating effects of team size and functional diversity on the relationship between team boundary spanning and team potency. Data from a time-lagged survey study of 140 NPD projects found that team boundary spanning can promote team potency that, in turn, results in greater new product quality and new product creativity. The positive effect of team boundary spanning on team potency was found to be more pronounced for NPD teams of medium size and high levels of functional diversity.     

Voltage Decay of Li-Rich Layered Oxides: Mechanism,Modification Strategies,and Perspectives

Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) have been considered as the most promising cathode materials for achieving high energy density Li-ion batteries. However, they suffer from continuous voltage decay during cycling, which seriously shortens the lifespan of the battery in practical applications. This review comprehensively elaborates and summarizes the state-of-the-art of the research in this field. It is started from the proposed mechanism of voltage decay that refers to the phase transition, microscopic defects, and oxygen redox or release. Furthermore, several strategies to mitigate the voltage decay of LLOs from different scales, such as surface modification, elemental doping, regulation of components, control of defect, and morphology design are summarized. Finally, a systematic outlook on the real root of voltage decay is provided, and more importantly, a potential solution to voltage recovery from electrochemistry. Based on this progress, some effective strategies with multiple scales will be feasible to create the conditions for their commercialization in the future.     

Cell Development Enhanced Bionic Silk Hydrogel on Remodeling Immune Pathogenesis of Spinal Cord Injury via M2 Polarization of Microglial

Due to the complex spatial-temporal pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI), effective modulation of SCI-specific inflammatory pathogenesis to achieve desirable therapeutic effects on functional recovery still remains challenging. Herein, cell-enhanced photocrosslinked silk fibroin hydrogels with extracellular matrix-mimicking cues of mechanical properties and RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) signals are gelled in situ to fill the lesion site to modulate injury-induced neuroinflammation and promote neurite regrowth after SCI. The bionic hydrogel system provides biomimetic mechanical cues to promote neuronal differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurite growth by activating YAP nuclear expression. Importantly, favored by the strong capacity of silk fibroin hydrogels on macrophage/microglia recruitment, NPCs encapsulated hydrogel (NPCs@SFRGD0.1) effectively promotes recruited macrophages/microglia to M2 polarization in the lesion site by releasing S100A4 and thereby remodels the inflammatory microenvironment after SCI. Moreover, NPCs@SFRGD0.1 successfully reduces glial scar formation and accelerates corticospinal tract axon regrowth to improve locomotor recovery. Overall, this work contributes to illustrating the therapeutic mechanism of NPCs development based biomaterial therapies on modulating inflammatory microenvironment and this NPCs enhanced silk fibroin hydrogel provides a promising therapeutic strategy for SCI.     

C-Shaped Cartilage Development Using Wharton's Jelly-Derived Hydrogels to Assemble a Highly Biomimetic Neotrachea for use in Circumferential Tracheal Reconstruction

A highly biomimetic neotrachea with C-shaped cartilage rings has promising clinical applications in the treatment of circumferential tracheal defects (CTDs) owing to its structure and physiological function. However, to date, most fabricated tracheal cartilages are O-shaped. In this study, finite element analysis demonstrates C-shaped cartilage rings that exhibit better compliance than O-shaped. Hydrogel is developed using methacryloyl-modified decellularized Wharton's jelly matrix (DWJMA) for the regeneration of C-shaped cartilage rings. This novel hydrogel possesses adjustable physicochemical properties and favorable cytocompatibility. When loaded with chondrocytes, DWJMA hydrogels support the optimal cartilage regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, a highly biomimetic neotrachea simultaneously simulating the structural and physiological properties of the normal trachea is regenerated via modular assembly of several individual C-shaped cartilage rings. The results demonstrate the highly biomimetic neotrachea have better patency (88.6 ± 6.1% vs 74.4 ± 9.4%, p < 0.05), improve the survival rate, alleviate weight loss and mucoid impaction, than its O-shaped counterpart when used for the treatment of CTDs in a rabbit model. Therefore, this study proposes a novel hydrogel for the regeneration of C-shaped cartilage and provides new insights into the treatment of CTDs using a highly biomimetic neotrachea with C-shaped cartilage rings.     

Analytics of learning tactics and strategies in an online learnersourcing environment

Background

The use of crowdsourcing in a pedagogically supported form to partner with learners in developing novel content is emerging as a viable approach for engaging students in higher-order learning at scale. However, how students behave in this form of crowdsourcing, referred to as learnersourcing, is still insufficiently explored.

Objectives

To contribute to filling this gap, this study explores how students engage with learnersourcing tasks across a range of course and assessment designs.

Methods

We conducted an exploratory study on trace data of 1279 students across three courses, originating from the use of a learnersourcing environment under different assessment designs. We employed a new methodology from the learning analytics (LA) field that aims to represent students' behaviour through two theoretically-derived latent constructs: learning tactics and the learning strategies built upon them.

Results

The study's results demonstrate students use different tactics and strategies, highlight the association of learnersourcing contexts with the identified learning tactics and strategies, indicate a significant association between the strategies and performance and contribute to the employed method's generalisability by applying it to a new context.

Implications

This study provides an example of how learning analytics methods can be employed towards the development of effective learnersourcing systems and, more broadly, technological educational solutions that support learner-centred and data-driven learning at scale. Findings should inform best practices for integrating learnersourcing activities into course design and shed light on the relevance of tactics and strategies to support teachers in making informed pedagogical decisions.