Combined XPS and TPR study of sulfur removal from a Pt/BaO/Al2O3 NO x storage reduction catalyst

Pt/Al₂O₃ and Pt/BaO/Al₂O₃ catalysts (1 wt% Pt, 10 wt%BaO) were sulfated under conditions simulating a real NSR catalyst operation. Comparative TPR and XPS studies of sulfur removal from Pt/Al₂O₃ and Pt/BaO/Al₂O₃ catalysts indicate that the sulfur removal from Al₂O₃ surface precedes reductive decomposition of BaSO₄ (250–400 °C). Barium sulfate decomposition started with further increase in desulfation temperature at the point of surface atomic ratio Ba:S = 1 (~450^o). Simultaneously, an intensive formation of sulfide species on the catalyst surface was observed. Thermodynamic analysis of the desulfation process allows us to hypothesize that barium sulfide formation may hinder sulfur removal under reducing conditions.     

三盐基硫酸铅的生产工艺条件研究

介绍了氧化铅法中硝酸铅法生产三盐基硫酸铅两种生产工艺 ,对氧化铅法中硫酸的加入量、酸度、温度、时间等生产条件进行了研究 ,确定了最佳生产工艺条件 ,并对两种方法进行了简单对比     

青岗钾肥厂试车小结

为满足农业生产上对硫酸钾的需求，化工部上海化工研究院复肥所着重开发了硫铵转化法的生产工艺，并在推广过程中，针对操作工艺和设备上所存在的问题，继续探索，取得了新的结果。该技术已用于青岗钾肥厂万吨级硫酸钾生产装置。本文着重介绍了该装置在试车过程中所发生的问题及处理方法。     

Cationic surfactant-selective potentiometric sensors based on neutral ion-pair carrier complexes

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane electrodes to determine monomer concentrations of tetradecyltrimethylammonium ion (TTA⁺) and hexadecylpyridinium ion (HPy⁺) based on neutral ion-pair carrier complexes of tetradecyltrimethylammonium dodecyl sulfate (TTA⁺-DS⁻) and hexadecylpyridinium dodecyl sulfate (HPy⁺-DS⁻), respectively, are reported here. The electrodes exhibit a Nernstian slope of 59 mV per decade for TTA⁺ and a sub-Nernstian slope of 34.5 mV per decade for HPy⁺ ions. The TTA⁺ ion-selective electrode (ISE) and the HPy⁺-ISE can determine the monomer units down to concentrations as low as 4.0×10⁻⁴M and 1.66×10⁻⁵ M, respectively. The effect of various additives, such as the anionic polyelectrolyte sodium dextran sulfate and macrocyclic β-cyclodextrin, on the surface activity exhibited by the cationic surfactants TTA⁺-DS⁻ and HPy⁺-DS⁻, in the presence of background concentrations of NaCl was also examined with surfactant-selective sensors. The Gibbs free energy of micelle formation (ΔG _m ) of both surfactants in the presence of various additives was calculated and found to be less favorable with respect to an increase in the amount of additives due to less availability of cationic surfactant monomer units. The ion-pair complexes TTA⁺-DS⁻ and HPy⁺-DS⁻ were found to behave as selective carrier compounds in PVC membranes in determining the concentration of monomer units of both TTA⁺ and HPy⁺, respectively. The proposed sensors worked well at a fairly acidic pH of 1–6.5 with response time of 60 s. The sensors responded well to the surfactant ions even in the presence of additives at lower concentration. The lifetime of the sensors is 3 mon.     

聚合硫酸铁处理制革废水

本文研究了几种常用的国产混凝剂处理制革废水的效果，得出聚合硫酸铁是一种比较经济有效的混凝剂，配合ＰＡＭ助凝剂可以取得更好的效果。工艺上采用混凝气浮，可全部去除硫化物，出水总铬≤１ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＣＯＤ去除率可达７０％－８０％。     

从煤炭、天然气制取石油石化产品工艺技术

在阐述煤炭、天然气通过吹氧气化制取CO +H2 合成气联产石油石化产品的基础上 ,详细介绍了甲醇、二甲醚、乙烯生产工艺技术的应用与开发 ,对各种工艺路线进行了论证和技术经济评估     

聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基丁烷基溴化铵共振光散射法测定核酸

通过光谱法研究聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基丁烷基溴化铵(PMDB)和核酸的作用。结果表明通过共振光散射法用PMDB检测微量的DNA可靠、准确和简单。     

Miscibility of oligomeric poly(dimethyl siloxanes) with long-chain unbranched alkanes: 2. Unsymmetrical cloud point curves

Previously obtained cloud point curves for mixtures of oligomeric poly(dimethyl siloxanes) (weight fraction W₁) with oligomeric polyethylenes have been supplemented by the use of samples of higher molecular weight. Initial flat regions at low-medium W₁ as well as a slight shoulder at extremely high W₁ are now considered to be due to crystallization, since the temperatures at which they occur are the melting points of the oligoethylenes. The actual cloud point curves were of an unsymmetrical dome shape, the form of which could not be simulated by using a concentration-independent interaction parameter g in the Flory-Huggins equation. However, spinodals calculated by assuming a quadratic dependence of g on composition were of the same shape as the experimental cloud point curves. The critical compositions calculated on this basis were also close to the experimental ones.     

复分解四步循环法制取硫酸钾新工艺

介绍了制取硫酸钾的一种新工艺－－复分解四步循环法，即氯化钾与硫酸铵反应生成硫酸钾铵与氯化铵钾，硫酸钾铵再与氯化钾溶液反应生成硫酸钾，氯化铵钾再与硫酸铵溶液反应生成氯化铵。整个工艺全封闭循环生产，产品硫酸钾K2O质量分数≥50％，钾收率达92％。     

滴加法制备铁黄颜料工艺研究

采用滴加法制备铁黄颜料，即采用硫铁矿烧渣直接制得的硫酸亚铁及硫酸亚铁结晶母液为原料。用空气作氧化剂，用氨水作沉淀剂制品种；在二步氧化中滴加氨水和硫酸亚铁结晶母液。探讨了亚铁浓度、空气流量等对晶种形成的影响，以及晶种比、空气流量、溶液pH、硫酸铵浓度等因素对铁黄生成的影响。确定了晶种制备和二步氧化的最佳工艺条件，即二步氧化中溶液pH控制在2．5～3．5，亚铁浓度控制在0．18～0．25mol／L的范围。检测结果表明：铁黄各项指标均达到原化工部HG／T2249--1991一级品标准。