固定刮板式搅拌薄膜蒸发器的国产化

介绍了国产Luwa型固定刮板式搅拌薄膜蒸发器的性能及结构,目前国产化及使用情况,以及在我国推广使用的前景和效益。     

优选菌株对神府煤的生物转化方式研究

采用从神府煤洗煤水中提取的三种菌株(XK-a,XK-b,XK-c),采用异步驯化法,以风化煤为唯一碳源的无机盐固体培养基对微生物进行驯化,采用细胞液液态转化方式对光氧化6 h神府煤进行转化。结果表明,经过驯化后微生物对神府煤的转化率明显提高,XK-c是驯化后变异程度最高的动态培养转化14 d,无机培养基转化效果最好。经微生物转化后的原煤与原煤的光谱特征非常相似,但经微生物转化后,原煤的醚键振动吸收强度明显下降,羟基振动强度增强。     

转化与归化——遵义机场航站楼设计创作思考

机场作为城市口岸,其建筑形象往往需要表达传统的地域特征,对于小型机场的航站楼更是一种有效的设计策略。由于建筑材料、建造技术和使用功能的改变,使现代建筑与传统建筑具有不同的表达方式。,因此传统建筑应根据现实需要转变,而建筑创新需要对传统建筑重新解读、分析和创造。结合遵义机场航站楼设计,探讨如何通过对传统建筑的空间类型、建构方式和形式构成的转化达到建筑意义的回归,并在现代语境下表达建筑的地域性。     

利用纤维床反应器驯化原壳小球藻提高对蔗渣水解液耐受性研究

原壳小球藻可快速利用蔗渣水解液中的可发酵糖,但水解液中副产物对细胞生长有抑制作用。为了提高其在高浓度水解液中的异养生长能力,本研究利用纤维床反应器(FBB)驯化细胞,系统研究了蔗渣水解液的制备及其组成、分批补料培养种子液、FBB中的细胞固定化,并在FBB中利用水解液为培养基进行细胞驯化。结果表明,蔗渣经酸解酶解后,其水解液的主要成分为葡萄糖、木糖、乙酸、纤维二糖和阿拉伯糖,浓度分别为18.40g/L、16.17g/L、6.13g/L、5.10g/L和2.29g/L;在发酵罐中采用Basal培养基补料分批培养细胞,117h后细胞密度可达到12.37g/L;将发酵罐与FBB连接并循环培养基33h后形成了固定化细胞床;随后以水解液培养基代替Basal培养基,通过逐级提高水解液培养基浓度来驯化培养固定化细胞,最终从纤维床上分离获得了能在含有35g/L葡萄糖的水解液中异养生长的高耐受性藻株,而野生型藻株不能生长。     

固定化细胞木质纤维素稀酸水解液乙醇发酵研究

利用不同菌种的固定化细胞对木质纤维素稀酸水解液进行乙醇发酵,对2#菌进行了以木糖为底物7个批次的驯化培养。利用4#与1#的混合菌及3#菌进行批式发酵以及4#和1#、1#和3#、4#和3#混合菌及3#菌进行补料批式发酵,结果表明,1#和4#及1#和3#混合固定化对木质纤维素稀酸水解液进行补料批式发酵,乙醇产率较为理想,分别为理论产率的79.3%和84.3%。     

低双乙酰啤酒酵母的选育

以两株青岛啤酒酵母ｃ－０２和ｃ－０３为出发菌株，经紫外线诱变后挑出甲磺隆抗性菌株，经过实验室菌种分离、筛选、发酵及双乙酰驯养等步骤选育出一株②＃菌，１２°Ｐ麦汁经１０００Ｌ小罐１１℃低温发酵，双乙酰峰值为０．３５ｍｇ／Ｌ，主酵结束双乙酰为０．１３ｍｇ／Ｌ，成品啤酒双乙酰为０．０６ｍｇ／Ｌ，成品啤酒真正发酵度６５．６％，凝聚性指标Ｆ值为４８．４％，啤酒风味基本不变。     

两歧双歧杆菌耐氧耐酸耐胆盐优良菌株的选育

通过反复驯化的培养方法将两歧双歧杆菌驯化成耐氧耐酸耐胆盐的优良菌株。实验结果表明，在牛乳培养基中耐氧驯化后的双歧杆菌的增殖比例为41000％，而原始菌的增殖比例仅为8233％，且前者的凝乳时间为后者的2／3；经过耐酸驯化的菌株在低pH值条件下的产酸性能也大为提高，且耐酸性明显优于未经驯化的菌株；胆盐驯化的菌株经胆盐浓度为0．5％的培养后也有较高的活菌数，其对胆盐的忍耐力明显增强。     

村田喷气纺纱机专用胶辊的研发与应用

针对进口日本MJS802H、MJS802RH型高速喷气纺纱机用胶辊价格昂贵、国内推广受限这一现状,在保证胶辊耐磨性能的前提下,从动态性能、强度、弹性、压缩变形和硬度等方面综合考虑,阐述了喷气纺纱机专用胶辊--TCP76的研制及其使用效果,通过与日本、美国胶辊同锭对比,指出该胶辊推进了纺机配件国产化进程,可降低纺纱成本.     

Haplotype Analysis of BADH1 by Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Association with Salt Tolerance in Rice during Domestication

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (BADH1), a paralog of the fragrance gene BADH2, is known to be associated with salt stress through the accumulation of synthesized glycine betaine (GB), which is involved in the response to abiotic stresses. Despite the unclear association between BADH1 and salt stress, we observed the responses of eight phenotypic characteristics (germination percentage (GP), germination energy (GE), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), germination rate (GR), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), and total dry weight (TDW)) to salt stress during the germination stage of 475 rice accessions to investigate their association with BADH1 haplotypes. We found a total of 116 SNPs and 77 InDels in the whole BADH1 gene region, representing 39 haplotypes. Twenty-nine haplotypes representing 27 mutated alleles (two InDels and 25 SNPs) were highly (p < 0.05) associated with salt stress, including the five SNPs that have been previously reported to be associated with salt tolerance. We observed three predominant haplotypes associated with salt tolerance, Hap_2, Hap_18, and Hap_23, which were Indica specific, indicating a comparatively high number of rice accessions among the associated haplotypes. Eight plant parameters (phenotypes) also showed clear responses to salt stress, and except for MGT (mean germination time), all were positively correlated with each other. Different signatures of domestication for BADH1 were detected in cultivated rice by identifying the highest and lowest Tajima’s D values of two major cultivated ecotypes (Temperate Japonica and Indica). Our findings on these significant associations and BADH1 evolution to plant traits can be useful for future research development related to its gene expression.     

皮状丝孢酵母的高温驯化及细胞膜脂肪酸组成的测定

通过对产油皮状丝孢酵母T.cutaneum CX1进行高温驯化及平板筛选,获得7株耐高温菌株G1~G7。在42℃条件下耐高温菌株G3菌体干重、含油量及含油率分别为11.13、1.33 g/L及11.95%,较原始菌株分别提高32.8%、46.2%及10.0%,发酵优势明显。细胞膜脂肪酸组成的测定结果表明,同原始菌株相比,耐高温菌株G3细胞膜中饱和脂肪酸含量更高。当培养温度升高时,耐高温菌株G3细胞膜中饱和脂肪酸含量会进一步上升。