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61.
用两亲聚合物制备大颗粒苯丙乳液 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
分别以两亲聚合物P(C9-AA)和P(DCPD-St-α-St-AA)作乳化荆,研究了制备大颗粒(约1μm)及具有一定稳定性的苯丙乳液的方法,讨论了乳化剂,温度及引发剂用量对乳液性能的影响。结果表明,以P(C9-AA)作乳化剂时,引发剂用量为单体质量的1.2%,90℃时可以合成性能良好的苯丙乳液;以P(DCPD-St-α-St-AA)作乳化荆时,引发剂用量为单体质量的1.2%,80℃时可以合成性能良好的苯丙乳液。 相似文献
62.
针对茂名石化乙烯工业公司全密度聚乙烯装置翅片式空气冷却器存在的问题。结合生产实际要求进行了改造。将原设备换热芯由不可拆结构改为可抽芯结构。原圆形换热管更换为椭圆管。材质由SS304不锈钢更换为铜,并对改造后的空气冷却器进行了传热核算。理论和实践证明,改造是成功的。 相似文献
63.
Xinsheng Zhu Hansong Xu Jianmei Lu Juying Wang Shunhua Zhou 《Journal of Polymer Research》2008,15(4):295-300
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is of excellent mechanical properties and melt processability and is widely used as raw
material for textile fibers. However, the flame retardant properties of PET were rather poor, and both reactive and additive
phosphorus- and halogen-containing compounds have been employed to enhance the reaction-to-fire properties while the meltdripping
behaviour during burning hasn’t been handled properly with the flame retardants. In this work, fluoropolymer was blended with
both pure PET (pPET) and reactive phosphorus-containing flame retarded copolyester (fPET), and the flame retardance and char
formation and mechanical properties of the resulted pPET and fPET blends were investigated. The tensile strengths of modified
pPET samples were worsen whereas those of modified fPET samples were improved at low concentrations. The initial thermal degradation
in nitrogen was accelerated remarkably for the two polyesters with fluoropolymer. The oxygen indices of the all modified samples
were reduced while char formation and meltdripping suppression were encouraged. The apparent melt viscosity and elasticity
for the two polyesters were gained much with antidripping agent. Therefore, fluoropolymer improved char formation of the two
polyesters based on the gaseous phase mechanism while the partial suppression of meltdripping behavior and the decrease of
mechanical properties mainly originated from the increase of melt viscosity via fibrillation for pPET. 相似文献
64.
Bionanoparticles of starch obtained by submitting native potato starch granules to acid hydrolysis conditions. The resulted starch nanoparticles were used as core or macro initiator for polymerization of ε‐caprolactone (CL). Starch nanoparticle‐g‐polycaprolactone was synthesized through ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of CL in the presence of Sn(Oct)2 as initiator. The detailed microstructure of the resulted copolymer was characterized with NMR spectroscopy. Thermal characteristic of the copolymer was investigated using DSC and TGA. By introducing PCL, the range of melting temperature for starch was increased and degradation of copolymer occurred in a broader region. X‐ray diffraction and TEM micrographs confirmed that there was no alteration of starch crystalline structure and morphology of nanoparticles, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
65.
Associations (dimer or aggregate) of anthracene (An) fluorophores tend to interrupt the monomer emission and reduce the quantum yield (ΦPL); therefore, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chain was used in this study to chemically link to anthracene and to block the mutual associations among the anthracene fluorophores. With this aim, the target polymers were prepared by anionic polymerizations with 9,10‐dibromoanthracene/s‐butyllithium as initiating system to proceed polymerizations of methyl methacrylate (MMA) directly or in the presence of 1,1‐diphenylethylene (DPE). Use of DPE before addition of MMA produces stable initiating anionic species and avoids potential side reactions during polymerization; however, it also introduces four β‐phenylene rings around the central anthracene ring, which interfere with the corresponding emission pattern and reduce the ΦPL (32%) value due to potential interactions between phenylene rings and anthracene. On the contrast, polymerization without participation of DPE results in polymer with central anthracene ring directly connected to two PMMA chains, which gives clean vibronic emission pattern with limited association emissions and enhanced ΦPL (52%) value. Physical blending of anthracene by PMMA is less efficient to restrain the associations and results in a film of lower ΦPL (20%). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
66.
Branched polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was prepared through a self‐condensing vinyl copolymerization of acrylonitrile and 2‐(2‐bromopropionyloxy)ethyl acrylate (BPEA). The branched architecture of the product was confirmed by NMR spectra and the average degree of branching (DB ) was estimated. Through a comparison of the intrinsic viscosity of the product with that of its linear analogue, the contraction factor g′ was calculated. It was found that the viscosity of the branched PAN was obviously lower that that of linear PAN. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
67.
Environmentally responsive hydrogels have become attractive research subjects for many applications. In this work, a series of pH‐sensitive and color‐changing nanoparticles (nanogels) with core–shell structures were synthesized. The cores were blue latex particles synthesized by a miniemulsion technique with styrene and methacrylic acid as monomers and Neozapon Blue 807 as a dye. The shell was a pH‐sensitive polymer that was precipitation‐polymerized onto the core from 2‐(diethylamino) ethyl methacrylate with N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide, poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate, and divinylbenzene as crosslinking agents. In the resultant latexes, the color was observed to change from deep blue to pale blue as the pH of the system was changed from a high of 10 to a low of 3. The synthesized latexes and particles (gels) were then characterized with an ultraviolet–visible spectrometer, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Atomic force microscopy was also used to investigate the different morphologies of the particles after the synthesized latexes were dried at different pH values. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
68.
Polymer/Silica nanocomposite latex particles were prepared by emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DM). The reaction was performed using a nonionic surfactant and in the presence of silica nanoparticles as the seed. The polymer‐coated silica nanoparticles with polymer content and number average particle sizes ranged from 32 to 93 wt % and 114–310 nm, respectively, were obtained depending on reaction conditions. Influences of some synthetic conditions such as MMA, DM, surfactant concentration, and the nature of initiator on the coating of the silica nanoparticles were studied. Electrostatic attraction between anionic surface of silica beads and cationic amino groups of DM is the main driving force for the formation of the nanocomposites. It was demonstrated that the ratio of DM/MMA is important factor in stability of the system. The particle size, polymer content, efficiency of the coating reaction, and morphology of resulted nanocomposite particles showed a dependence on the amount of the surfactant. Zeta potential measurements confirmed that the DM was located at the surface of the nanocomposites particles. Thermogravimeteric analysis indicated a relationship between the composition of polymer shell and polymer content of the nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were also characterized by FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
69.
Peichun Li Amar Zerroukhi Jianding Chen Yvan Chalamet Thomas Jeanmaire Zhean Xia 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2008,110(6):3990-3998
Chemical shrinkage was used for the in situ measurement of the progressing chemical stabilization reactions and the influence of ozone during the stabilization of polyacrylonitrile. A method for evaluating the activation energy through the sensitivity temperature is presented. The calculated results show that the activation energies were 161.57 kJ/mol in air and 181.23 kJ/mol in ozone-enriched air. Therefore, the chemical reactions were postponed during stabilization in ozone-enriched air. Ozone seemed to act in three ways: first, ozone promoted the formation of the serious skin–core structure. Second, ozone accelerated the chemical reactions and shortened the stabilization time at lower heating rates. Third, ozone postponed the chemical reactions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008 相似文献
70.
The polymerization of α‐methylstyrene (AMS) catalyzed by Maghnite‐H+ (Mag‐H) was investigated. Mag‐H is a montmorillonite sheet silicate clay, exchanged with protons. It was found that the cationic polymerization of AMS is initiated by Mag‐H at ambient temperature in bulk and in solution. The effect of the amount of Mag‐H, the temperature, and the solvent was studied. The polymerization rate increased with increase in the temperature and the proportion of catalyst, and it was larger in nonpolar solvents. These results indicated the cationic nature of the polymerization. It may be suggested that the polymerization is initiated by proton addition to monomer from Mag‐H. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献