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21.
Psychologists' appropriation of language and ideas from Thomas Kuhn's (1962, 1970b) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions reveals deep and contradictory concerns about truth, science, and the progress of the field. The author argues that psychologists, uncomfortably straddling natural and social science traditions, reference Structure for 2 reasons largely overlooked: first, because it presents an intermediate, naturalistic position in the war between relativist and rationalist views of scientific truth, and second, because it presents a psychologized model of scientific change. The author suggests that the history of this mutual influence--psychologists being influenced by Kuhn and vice versa--may usefuly inform current practices of psychological science. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
22.
23.
Like any other domain of human activity, psychology has its fads and fashions. One consequence of fads is an overconcentration of resources on specific problems or approaches, which leaves other important problems or approaches (holes) underappreciated and understudied. This article is primarily about different factors (such as negativity bias, polarization of positions, focus on internal causes of behavior, dedication to a narrow view of what science is) that result in holes and about explorations of some of these holes that have interested the author. Psychologists should look more in the holes left behind by current enthusiasms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
24.
Hitsman Brian; Borrelli Belinda; McChargue Dennis E.; Spring Bonnie; Niaura Raymond 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,71(4):657
The authors conducted a meta-analysis of published studies to (a) evaluate the premise that a history of major depression is associated with failure to quit smoking and (b) identify factors that moderate the relationship between history of depression and cessation outcome. Fifteen studies met the selection requirements and were coded for various study methodology and treatment characteristics. DSTAT was used to calculate individual study effect sizes, determine the mean effect size across studies. and test for moderator effects. No differences in either short-term (≤ 3 months) or long-term abstinence rates (≥ 6 months) were observed between smokers positive versus negative for history of depression. Lifetime history of major depression does not appear to be an independent risk factor for cessation failure in smoking cessation treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
25.
回顾了体制、制度的改革和科学技术的发展给十局带来的巨大变化,就十局当前改革任务从理顺产权关系、进一步完善内部治理结构、继续深化三项制度改革、实施科教兴局战略等四个方面提出了看法和意见。 相似文献
26.
Reorganisation and evolution of class hierarchies is important for object-oriented system development and has received considerable attention in the literature. The contributions of this paper are: (1) a formal study of a set of extension relations and transformations on class hierarchies; (2) a presentation of a small set of primitive transformations which form a minimal and complete basis for the extension relations; and (3) an analysis of the impact of these transformations at the object level.The study leads to a better understanding of evolution and reuse of object-oriented software and class hierarchies. It also provides a terminology and a means of classification for design reuse. The theory presented in this paper is based on the Demeter data model, which gives a concise mathematical foundation for classes and their inheritance and part-of relationships. Parts of the theory have been implemented in the Demeter System
TM
C++, a CASE tool for object-oriented design and programming. 相似文献
27.
X-ray microtomography: Application to microstructure analysis of a cementitious material during leaching process 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Leaching of cementitious materials leads to an increase in porosity, which has important consequences on transport and mechanical properties. The present study outlines the characterization of microstructural evolution in a mortar subjected to a chemical attack, by means of a powerful non-intrusive experimental method, namely synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography. This innovative method is used to measure the variation of porosity in a leached mortar. Having described the effects of leaching in mortar (influences on microstructure and on mechanical properties), we present the accelerated leaching process and the microtomographic analysis that have been used to monitor it. We then investigate the capacity of this method to quantify the evolution of porosity during the leaching process. The method is validated by comparison of the results obtained with data available in the literature. 相似文献
28.
The purpose of this brief editorial is to discuss psychology in Québec and some of the foremost researchers who have had a recognized world-wide impact on psychology. Following a brief review of historical facts describing the evolution of psychology in Québec, and of issues related to communicating psychology in French, the contribution of certain distinguished individuals is highlighted. These persons either have played a critical role in international organisations, or have produced scientific work that is widely recognized by their peers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
29.
环件轧制中晶粒变化的计算机模拟 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
金属微观结构变化影响产品机械性能。本文将金属再结晶数学模型与三维热刚塑性有限元结合起来进行模拟计算,获得了环件轧制中晶粒变化的三维分布规律,及与以往不同的轧制力和力矩变化。所用方法有普遍适用性。 相似文献
30.
城市中心区游憩功能的开发——以武汉市为例 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
张翰卿 《武汉大学学报(工学版)》2002,35(5):58-62
从我国游憩空间建设实践中 ,概括出对城市游憩功能认识过程的四个阶段 .进而 ,从城市中心商业区、历史街区和城市滨水区三个方面讨论了城市中心区的游憩功能开发问题 .最后 ,以武汉市为例进行了分析 相似文献