邯郸洪山金矿化区石英脉流体包裹体特征

为探讨邯郸洪山杂岩金矿化区成矿热液流体特征及其来源,测试区内石英脉流体包裹体均一温度和盐度,分析石英脉微量元素和铷、锶同位素,估算包裹体捕获温度和压力、p H值和Eh值。结果表明,流体包裹体主要为液体和富液体包裹体,均一温度206℃~305℃,平均值为254℃,流体盐度变化于7.17~10.19 wt%Na Cl,平均值为8.36 wt%Na Cl,热液属于低温、低盐度流体;包裹体捕获的平均温度为303℃,平均压力为721×105Pa,约相当于2.40 km的深度;流体富含多种微量元素,随温度、压力等条件变化而变化,具有比围岩和周围侵入岩高的铷、锶同位素比值;热液流体具有明显大气降水来源特征。     

腔体为单轴晶体的F-P滤光片光学性质仿真研究

为了计算腔体为单轴晶体的F-P滤光片的光学性质,采用理论分析的方法,对垂直入射到光轴在入射面内的单层单轴晶体薄膜的寻常光与非寻常光在两界面处的电磁场量的边界条件和薄膜两界面处电场量的相位关系进行了分析,得到了单层晶体薄膜反射率与透射率的计算方法,并将其应用于腔体为单轴晶体的F-P滤光片光学特性的仿真,取得了滤光片透射率随光轴方向变化的数据。结果表明,光轴旋转角对F-P滤光片的透射峰有明显影响。     

Linewidth‐Optimized Extraordinary Optical Transmission in Water with Template‐Stripped Metallic Nanohole Arrays

The experimental observation of unusually sharp plasmon resonance peaks in periodic Ag nanohole arrays made using template stripping is reported. The extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) peak associated with the surface plasmon polaritons at the smooth Ag‐water interface shows a well‐defined Fano‐type profile with a linewidth below 10 nm at a wavelength of around 700 nm. Notably, this sharp and intense radiant peak (Q factor of 71) is obtained at visible frequencies in water and at normally incident illumination. This is accomplished by obtaining high‐quality Ag surfaces with a roughness below 1 nm, which reduces the imaginary component of the Ag dielectric function that is associated with material damping, as well as shrinking the nanohole radius to decrease radiative damping of plasmons. The localized spectral response of the radiant plasmon peak is characterized using the nanohole array in water in a layer‐by‐layer fashion via sequential atomic layer deposition of Al₂O₃. Because the ultrasharp EOT peak is obtained with excellent uniformity over a centimeter‐sized area from the metallic nanohole array in water, these template‐stripped nanohole arrays will benefit many practical applications based on EOT.     

具有超常吸收水汽性能的新型长丝的设计与研究

对一种新型长丝的水汽吸收性能进行了研究。这种新型长丝可吸收水和水汽,但又不会对接触它的人造成任何潮湿的感觉。长丝由两种不同的材料组成:一种是非吸收材料(疏水性),另一种是高度吸收性材料(亲水性)。聚丙烯不吸收任何水或水汽,被用作疏水材料;而具有超吸收性能的聚合物被用作亲水性材料。这种新型长丝外部表面为聚丙烯(PP)材料,超吸收聚合物(SAP)被放置在长丝结构中的空心部位。尽管超吸收聚合物放置在长丝的里侧,但仍可以吸收大量的水分;而长丝外部表面因是疏水材料(聚丙烯)则可以一直保持干燥。通过试验研究可以观察到,不含超吸收聚合物的聚丙烯长丝几乎不吸收水或水汽(接近0%),而含有超吸收聚合物的聚丙烯长丝能吸收高达12%的水分,且这一百分数值可根据所含的超吸收材料的数量和质量加以调节。     

龙江磁窑"10·6"特大暴雨分析

2010年6月粤东沿海惠来县发生了超500年一遇的特大暴雨,其最大1h及6h雨量均列为有资料以来第一位,通过分析"10.6"暴雨成因、过程、时间和空间分布,为粤东地区以后的防汛工作提供科学依据.     

Resistless Nanoimprinting in Metal for Plasmonic Nanostructures

Metal nanostructures are the main building blocks of metamaterials and plasmonics which show many extraordinary properties not existing in nature. A simple and widely applicable method that can directly pattern metals with silicon molds without the need of resists, using pressures of <4 MPa and temperatures of 25–150 °C is reported. Three‐dimensional structures with smooth and vertical sidewalls, down to sub‐10 nm resolution, are generated in silver and gold films in a single patterning step. Using this nanopatterning scheme, large‐scale vivid images through extraordinary optical transmission and strong surface‐enhanced Raman scattering substrates are realized. Resistless nanoimprinting in metal (RNIM) is a new class of metal patterning that allows plasmonic nanostructures to be fabricated quickly, repeatedly, and at a low‐cost.     

基于声异常透射效应的高强度聚焦超声换能器

高强度聚焦超声（High intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU）作为一种新型无创的外科技术已在临床上应用于各种良恶性实体肿瘤治疗。为了实现安全高效的肿瘤治疗,HIFU换能器的聚焦效率仍然有待提高。本文综述了声异常透射效应的基本原理,以及近期利用声异常透射效应的HIFU聚焦超声换能器的研究。主要涉及两个方面的工作：（1）将声人工结构引入凹面型声透镜的设计,设计并制作了声超常透镜,对声透镜式聚焦换能器进行改进,达到了降低旁瓣的效果,从而提高了HIFU治疗的安全性;（2）基于球弧周期槽阵列设计并制作了超构聚焦换能器,以增强HIFU换能器聚焦效率。从理论及实验两方面研究了超构聚焦换能器与传统凹面换能器的声压分布和在组织中产生的温升。本文研究结果可进一步促进HIFU在临床治疗的广泛应用。     

Digitization of Free-Shapable Graphene Foam with Damage Tolerance

3D construction of 2D sheets is the key to the utilization of graphene for large scale industrial applications. The layer by layer approach of additive manufacturing enables a high degree of design freedom for the fabrication of 3D graphene structures with excellent mechanical flexibility. Herein, the excellent mechanical and functional properties of 3D nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) foams fabricated is demonstrated via 3D printed templates and template-directed chemical vapor deposition. The super-elastic foam, consisting of interconnected networks of graphene sheets can make near complete strain recovery from load up to 62500 times its own weight, with extraordinary damage tolerance at a low density of 9.5 mg cm⁻³. Fast transport of charge carriers (5 S cm⁻¹) highlights the potential of the NG foam for use in various functional applications. Observed temperature-invariant reversible elasticity from −196 to 300 °C further emphasizes its value for use in demanding environments.