一个异型件——打桩机滑块的爆炸焊接实验研究

文章详细叙述了一个异型件－打桩机滑块的爆炸焊接实验研究过程。尝试了几种复板与基板的安装方法，分析了实验安装失败与成功的原因。其中的一些经验可供类似的研究参考。     

接枝共聚型天然高分子絮凝剂的性能及应用研究

以高浓度表面活性剂废水为处理对象，详细研究了技枝共聚型天然高分子絮凝剂ＣＧＢ－Ａ在不同条件下的絮凝净化性能。实验结果表明，药剂ＣＧＢ－Ａ与聚合氯化铝配伍使用处理效果明显优于ＰＡＣ与阴离子聚丙烯酰胺配伍使用效果，产生的絮体沉降速度快，适用的ＰＨ值范围宽，ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率高，因此，药剂ＣＧＢ－Ａ是一种絮凝性能好的新型絮凝剂。     

复合生物絮凝剂BF-12对褐藻胶生产废水絮凝性能的研究

从活性污泥中分离出一株产絮凝剂菌B-12,并鉴定其归属于假单胞菌属。此菌产生的复合生物絮凝剂BF-12为多糖类高分子化合物,其主要成分为氨基己糖。采用此复合生物絮凝剂对褐藻胶生产废水进行处理,探讨了絮凝剂投加量、温度、助凝剂投加量、pH等对处理效果的影响,确定了BF-12絮凝的最适条件为:絮凝剂投加质量浓度为150 mg/L,温度为45℃,Ca2+浓度为0.04 mol/L,pH为8。在此条件下其对褐藻胶生产废水具有较好的处理效果,CODCr、BOD5、SS、NH3-N去除率分别达到94.96%、96.10%、82.28%、81.53%。     

Algal settling ponds contribute to final effluent quality of integrated algal pond systems for municipal sewage treatment

Appropriate wastewater technologies and sound management are crucial to global water quality and conservation. The integrated algal pond system (IAPS), considered an efficient, passive and low-cost wastewater treatment technology for peri-urban spaces, is perceived to yield a final effluent unsuitable for discharge. Experiments were carried out to challenge the prevailing perception that algal-based wastewater treatment processes and in particular IAPS produce an effluent that does not always meet national and/or regional regulatory standards. Formation of a microalgal–bacterial floc (MaB-flocs) and settleability together with biomass removal from algal settling ponds (ASPs) is shown to reduce total suspended solids (TSS) from >50 to <20 mg L⁻¹. Thus, production of a readily settleable MaB-floc coupled with removal of settled biomass from ASP ensures that final effluent TSS remains below the general limit of 25 mg L⁻¹ and yields an effluent suitable for either irrigation or discharge.     

Evaluation of alternative sludge settleability indices

Proposed modifications of the standard sludge volume index (SVI) to eliminate its unpredictable variation with suspended solids (SS) concentration include stirring, conduct of the test at constant SS concentration, and dilution. We have tested these modifications by making correlations between the respective indices and the content of filamentous organisms in activated sludge expressed in terms of total extended filament length. The results indicate that diluted SVI is the best index of sludge settleability among those tested. Correlation of diluted SVI with specific functional relationships between settling velocity and SS concentration would enable the application of this parameter to prediction of thickening capacity in secondary clarifiers.     

Gravity drainage of activated sludge: new experimental method and considerations of settling velocity, specific cake resistance and cake compressibility

A laboratory scale setup was used for characterization of gravitational drainage of waste activated sludge. The aim of the study was to assess how time of drainage and cake dry matter depended on volumetric load, SS content and sludge floc properties. It was demonstrated that activated sludge forms compressible cakes, even at the low pressures found in gravitational drainage. The values of specific cake resistance were two to three orders of magnitude lower than those obtained in pressure filtration. Despite the compressible nature of sludge, key macroscopic parameters such as time of drainage and cake solid content showed simple functional dependency of the volumetric load and SS of a given sludge. This suggests that the proposed method may be applied for design purposes without the use of extensive numerical modeling. The possibilities for application of this new technique are, among others, the estimation of sludge drainability prior to mechanical dewatering on a belt filter, or the application of surplus sludge on reed beds, as well as adjustments of sludge loading, concentration or sludge pre-treatment in order to optimize the drainage process.     

干扰床分选机分选粗煤泥的规律研究

介绍了干扰床分选机的工作原理,在比较了各种粗煤泥自由沉降速度计算方法的基础上,提出了适用于粗煤泥自由沉降速度的计算公式。筹建了试验室干扰床分选机试验系统,并对新汶矿业集团汶南煤矿不同粒度级别的粗煤泥进行了干扰床分选试验,探讨了干扰床分选机分选粗煤泥的一般规律。     

Uptake of Radionuclides onto Suspended Particulate Matter in Coastal Water

Distribution coefficients K _ds of several radionuclides on suspended particulate matter (SPM) have been determined with laboratory batch experiments using samples collected in the Kinki district, Japan. Most SPM in coastal water was retained on the initial filter of four sequential filtering stages (20, 5, 1 and 0.45 μm pore size), maximum K _d also being found for the SPM retained in this first stage. When the filtrations were not performed in series, however, but were conducted from the same tracer solution in parallel, the K _d values were identical for the smaller filter sizes (5, 1 and 0.45 μm) and were greater, by ca. 150% than those derived from the 20 μm filter. The degree of association of the radionuclides with SPM was ⁸⁵Sr<¹³⁷Cs<⁶⁵Zn<⁵⁴Mn<⁶⁰Co. The particulate radioactivity fraction of the SPM in coastal water was estimated at most 0.1 for radionuclides with K _d of ca. 5 X 10⁴ ml/g, i.e. which are highly associated with the SPM (2 mg/l). The scavenging effect by SPM seemed to be, however, considerable, the settling velocity being estimated at ca. 25 cm/day for particles of the Stoke's diameter of 30 μm.     

活性污泥EPS的影响因素及其对污泥絮凝性影响研究

胞外聚合物对生物絮凝体的结构、性质和生物去除效果等有重要的影响。试验主要通过连续进水和连续出水的方式,考察在常温条件下pH值和污水水质对活性污泥胞外聚合物的影响;同时研究胞外聚合物及蛋白质/多糖的比值与污泥絮凝性的关系。试验结果表明:pH值和污水水质对胞外聚合物含量有重要的影响,胞外聚合物总量对污泥的絮凝性能有显著的影响。     

某事故水池工程处理实例浅析

新建污水处理厂二沉池发生的池壁开裂变形事故,通过对事故原因分析确认并对两种设计方案的比较,确定了最终的加固技术方案。经加固施工后的3个月投产试用,观测数据证明事故分析准确,补强加固技术方案合理。