过渡金属硫化物类富勒烯的研究

过渡金属硫化物类富勒烯，由于其独特的分子结构、电子结构及电、磁学性质和潜在的应用前景，因而成为当前富勒烯研究的一个热点课题。该文对过渡金属硫化物类富勒烯的研究进行了综述。     

功能化富勒烯有机发光材料的研究进展

综述了最近几年来。功能化富勒烯有机小分子、共轭高分子和金属配合物发光材料的国内外研究状况及应用。重点讨论了功能化富勒烯有机分子发光材料的发光性能。     

Degradation of the covalent carbon–carbon bond between fullerene‐C60 and poly(1,3‐cyclohexadiene)

The degradation of fullerene‐C₆₀ (C₆₀) end‐capped poly(1,3‐cyclohexadiene) (C₆₀‐PCHD) with 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ) was examined to reveal the nature of the covalent carbon–carbon bond between C₆₀ and PCHD (C₆₀‐PCHD bond). The number average molecular weight (M_n) of C₆₀‐PCHD decreased with an increase in the degree of dehydrogenation, and the elimination of a PCHD arm from a C₆₀ occurred. The degradation of the C₆₀‐PCHD bond via a 1,4‐CHD unit was faster than that via a 1,2‐CHD unit, whereas the C₆₀‐poly(cyclohexane) bond was stable. The degradation of the C₆₀‐PCHD bond with DDQ was caused by the dehydrogenation of a CHD unit adjoining a C₆₀ core. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Synthesis and surface properties of novel fluoroalkyl end-capped amphiphilic fullerene cooligomers

New fluoroalkyl end-capped fullerene cooligomers were prepared by the reactions of fluoroalkanoyl peroxides with fullerene and comonomers such as acryloylmorpholine, N,N-dimethylacrylamide and acrylic acid. These fluorinated fullerene cooligomers were easily soluble in water and common organic solvents, and were able to reduce the surface tensions of both water and benzene, quite effectively. Additionally, these fullerene cooligomers were found to form a stable monomolecular film at the air-water interface, and the modified polystyrene surface treated with these cooligomers was shown to have a strong hydrophilicity with good oil repellency.     

Lattice dynamics and molecular dynamics simulation of complex materials

In this article we briefly review the lattice dynamics and molecular dynamics simulation techniques, as used for complex ionic and molecular solids, and demonstrate a number of applications through examples of our work. These computational studies, along with experiments, have provided microscopic insight into the structure and dynamics, phase transitions and thermodynamical properties of a variety of materials including fullerene, high temperature superconducting oxides and geological minerals as a function of pressure and temperature. The computational techniques also allow the study of the structures and dynamics associated with disorder, defects, surfaces, interfaces etc.     

A Simple and Effective Modification of PCBM for Use as an Electron Acceptor in Efficient Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

[6,6]‐phenyl‐C‐61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) are the most widely used acceptor and donor materials, respectively, in polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, the low LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy level of PCBM limits the open circuit voltage (V_oc) of the PSCs based on P3HT. Herein a simple, low‐cost and effective approach of modifying PCBM and improving its absorption is reported which can be extended to all fullerene derivatives with an ester structure. In particular, PCBM is hydrolyzed to carboxylic acid and then converted to the corresponding carbonyl chloride. The latter is condensed with 4‐nitro‐4’‐hydroxy‐α‐cyanostilbene to afford the modified fullerene F . It is more soluble than PCBM in common organic solvents due to the increase of the organic moiety. Both solutions and thin films of F show stronger absorption than PCBM in the range of 250–900 nm. The electrochemical properties and electronic energy levels of F and PCBM are measured by cyclic voltammetry. The LUMO energy level of F is 0.25 eV higher than that of PCBM. The PSCs based on P3HT with F as an acceptor shows a higher V_oc of 0.86 V and a short circuit current (J_sc) of 8.5 mA cm^?2, resulting in a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.23%, while the PSC based on P3HT:PCBM shows a PCE of about 2.93% under the same conditions. The results indicate that the modified PCBM, i.e., F , is an excellent acceptor for PSC based on bulk heterojunction active layers. A maximum overall PCE of 5.25% is achieved with the PSC based on the P3HT: F blend deposited from a mixture of solvents (chloroform/acetone) and subsequent thermal annealing at 120 °C.     

Comparison of tribological properties of various carbon plastics under water-lubricated sliding friction

Carbon plastics based on polyphenylene sulfide matrix and carbon fabric have been synthesized using various technological procedures. Comparative triboengineering test results are cited for pure polyphenylene sulfide, carbon plastics on its base, and carbon plastics of grade FUT and UGET. Carbon plastics based on polyphenylene sulfide show higher wear resistance as compared to FUT and UGET. Carbon plastics based on polyphenylene sulfide with slight addition of C₆₀ fullerene show even higher wear resistance.     

Hole Transport in Poly(phenylene vinylene)/Methanofullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

A fundamental limitation of the photocurrent of solar cells based on a blend of poly(2‐methoxy‐5‐(3′,7′‐dimethyloctyloxy)‐p‐phenylene vinylene) (MDMO‐PPV) and [6,6]‐phenyl C₆₁‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is caused by the mobility of the slowest charge‐carrier species, the holes in the MDMO‐PPV. In order to allow the experimentally observed photocurrents electrostatically, a hole mobility of at least 10^–8 m² V^–1 s^–1 is required, which exceeds the observed hole mobility in pristine MDMO‐PPV by more than two orders of magnitude. However, from space‐charge‐limited conduction, admittance spectroscopy, and transient electroluminescence measurements, we found a hole mobility of 2 × 10^–8 m² V^–1 s^–1 for the MDMO‐PPV phase in the blend at room temperature. Consequently, the charge‐carrier transport in a MDMO‐PPV:PCBM‐based solar cell is much more balanced than previously assumed, which is a necessary requirement for the reported high fill factors of above 50 %.     

富勒烯衍生物的合成方法初探

本文探讨了含富勒烯聚酯的合成方法。通过尺寸排阻色谱法测定了聚合物的摩尔质量。     

Catalytic Synergism in a C60IL10TEMPO2 Hybrid in the Efficient Oxidation of Alcohols

A novel fullerene [5:1]hexakisadduct bearing two 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine 1‐oxyl (TEMPO) radicals and ten 1‐propyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide moieties has been synthesized and characterized. Such an C₆₀IL₁₀TEMPO₂ hybrid has been successfully employed as a catalyst in the selective oxidation of a wide series of alcohols and is highly active at just 0.1 mol% loading. Moreover, it can be easily recovered by adsorption onto a multi‐layered covalently‐linked SILP phase (mlc‐SILP) through a “release and catch” approach and reused for up to 12 cycles without loss in efficiency. Interestingly, a catalytic synergistic effect of TEMPO and imidazolium bromide moieties combined in the same hybrid has been clearly shown.