PA66聚合釜底阀电气控制系统的改进

详细介绍了尼龙(PA)66聚合釜底阀的液压及电气控制原理,分析了国产PA66聚合釜底阀电气控制部分存在的问题,并在现有电气控制图的基础上进行了改进,达到了预期效果。     

Desalination in the gaza strip: drinking water supply and environmental impact

More than 90% of the population of the Gaza Strip depends on desalinated water for drinking purposes. About 90% of the groundwater is unacceptable for drinking as a result of contamination by nitrate and chloride. One of the major options for resolving the water problems is the utilization of desalination technology for both sea and brackish water. The objective of this article is to address desalination water management in its embryonic stage in the Gaza Strip. The sources of drinking water supply, distribution system and the environmental impact of brine water will be fingered in detail. Desalination facilities range from large seawater plants to small brackish desalination units on a home scale. Governmental, non-governmental and private desalination plants are common. The distribution system of desalinated water is a responsibility of governmental, non-governmental, private small community bodies and even individuals. Disposal of brine water is made either directly or indirectly into the sea, sewage system, poor land, channels, wadies, etc. Brine constituents have an adverse impacton the surrounding environment, e.g., sea life, soil, wastewater treatment plants and the groundwateraquifer. The lack of real environmental impact assessments, especially for mid- and home-scale units may lead to a deterioration of the environment. The fragmentation of the responsibilities of water desalination, distribution of desalinated water and the disposal of brine water suggest that urgent action should be taken (e.g., legislation or establishment of a supervisory body). In other words, strict policies and management actions are to be taken in order to alleviate the health and environmental impact of an important and uncontrolled new system.     

抗冲聚丙烯结构与性能研究

对部分国内外抗冲聚丙烯(PP)产品进行了微观形态和结构分析，研究其对材料宏观力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：抗冲PP是一个含有PP均聚物、丙烯与乙烯-丙烯两嵌段共聚物、乙丙橡胶(EPR)、聚乙烯均聚物等的多相体系。EPR的分子序列结构对聚合物抗冲击性能起主要作用。在序列结构中，丙烯、乙烯单体在分子链上的位置交换越频繁，抗冲击性能越得到提高。丙烯序列平均长度的增大对抗冲击性能有一定的削弱作用。     

我国PVC抗冲改性剂的发展现状

综述了我国PVC抗冲改性剂的发展状况,主要介绍了ACR、CPE、MBS、ABS、EVA及EPR的生产、市场需求及研究进展。目前我国ACR的生产能力为12.5万t·a-1、CPE35万t·a-1、MBS1.9万t·a-1、ABS128万t·a-1、EVA4万t·a-1、EPR2.5万t·a-1。2005年ACR需求量4万t、CPE8万t;2010年ACR需求量将为7.5万t、CPE11万t。指出了ACR是性能最优的PVC抗冲改性剂。     

丙烯酸粉末罩光清漆耐冲击性能的研究

针对汽车用甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)类丙烯酸粉末罩光清漆耐冲击性能差的问题，通过使用3种不同的增韧方法进行改进。这3种方法分别是原位聚合法加入纳米TiO2、引入一元酸增加涂膜的柔性支链以及加入新型的纳米助剂多面低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)，均使涂膜的耐冲击性得到了很大的提高。但它们对涂膜其他性能的影响各不相同，本详细讨论了3种方法对涂膜性能的影响，并探讨了纳米TiO2、一元酸、POSS影响涂膜性能的机理。     

Numerical simulations of drop impact and spreading on horizontal and inclined surfaces

The phenomenon of drop spreading is important to several process engineering applications. In the present work, numerical simulations of the dynamics of drop impact and spreading on horizontal and inclined surfaces were carried out using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. For the horizontal surfaces, the dynamics of impact and spreading of glycerin drops on wax and glass surfaces was investigated for which the experimental measurements were available [Šikalo, Š., Tropea, C., Ganic, E.N., 2005a. Dynamic wetting angle of a spreading droplet. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 29, 795-802; Šikalo, Š., Tropea, C., Ganic, E.N., 2005b. Impact of droplets onto inclined surfaces. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 286, 661-669]. The influence of surface wetting characteristics was investigated by using static contact angle (SCA) and dynamic contact angle (DCA) models. The dynamics of drop impact and spreading on inclined surfaces and the different regimes of drop impact and spreading process were also investigated. In particular, the effects of surface inclination, surface wetting characteristics, liquid properties and impact velocity on the dynamics of drop impact and spreading were investigated numerically and the results were verified experimentally. It was found that the SCA model can predict the drop impact and spreading behavior in quantitative agreement with the experiments for less wettable surfaces (SCA>90^°). However, for more wettable surfaces (SCA<90^°), the DCA observed at initial contact times were order of magnitude higher than SCA values and therefore the DCA model is needed for the accurate prediction of the spreading behavior.     

丁苯透明抗冲树脂的合成和性能

以苯乙烯、丁二烯为单体，Ｓ－ＢｕＬｉ为引发剂，环己烷为溶剂，烷氧基硅烷为偶联剂，通过负离子聚合和偶合反应，再经化学处理而制得了具有星形嵌段结构的两个牌号丁苯透明抗冲树脂ＬｙＢＤＳ－０１，ＬｙＢＤＳ－０３。试验考察了聚合温度对反应速率的影响，单体配比，共聚物结构与树脂性能的关系，测试结果表明，ＬｙＢＤＳ－０３的伸长率约为ＬｙＢＤＳ－０１的１０倍，冲击强度约大１倍，硬度小于ＬｙＢＤＳ－０１。两个牌号树     

铝系阻燃剂阻燃PP的力学性能研究

将用偶联剂处理的碱式碳酸铝镁加入到聚丙烯中，通过对体系阻燃性、力学性能等研究得出：碱式碳酸铝镁能够对聚丙烯起到良好的阻燃效果，碱式碳酸铝镁的加入提高了聚丙烯的冲击强度，当碱式碳酸铝镁质量分数为23％时，体系的冲击强度最高。研究了偶联荆的用量对体系力学性能的影响，结果表明，随偶联荆用量的增加，体系的拉伸强度降低，冲击强度先升高后降低，当偶联荆质量分数为1．0％时，体系的冲击强度最高。     

复合材料弹道冲击性能研究进展

本文总结了近年来复合材料弹道冲击研究的进展,着重从纤维集合体的结构对弹道冲击损伤机理的影响、弹道冲击的分析模型及数值模拟做了概述,总结了人们为提高复合材料弹道冲击性能所做的努力,最后指出了几个尚需深入解决的问题.     

Influence of chitosan characteristics on coagulation and flocculation of organic suspensions

Several samples of chitosan with different degrees of deacetylation and of different molecular weights were tested for the coagulation–flocculation of organic suspensions. Organic suspensions were prepared by mixing mushroom powder with tap water. Experiments were carried out at pH 5, pH 7, and pH 9. Because decreasing the pH reduced the amount of chitosan required to reach the required turbidity, at pH 9, a high concentration of chitosan was required to achieve the required treatment levels, whereas the difference was less significant between pH 7 and pH 5 (the required concentration of chitosan was halved). Though viscosity, correlated to the molecular weight of chitosan, affected treatment performance, its influence on the efficiency of coagulation–flocculation could be substantially reduced by slightly increasing the concentration of the polymer. This is of importance in the processing of industrial effluents: the aging of a chitosan solution, which may cause partial depolymerization, and loss of viscosity, will have a limited impact on process efficiency. The degree of deacetylation also has a limited effect on treatment performance, especially when the degree of deacetylation exceeds 90%. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2070–2079, 2005