PLC模糊控制器在煤泥水处理中的应用

根据煤泥水系统的多输入多输出变量特性及其相互之间的动态关系,提出了采用模糊控制技术对其控制的方法以及建立多变量系统的模糊控制规则,并给出了采用PLC处理煤泥水的实现方法。     

Fe2O3气敏材料研究进展

综述了近年来Fe_2O_3气敏材料常用的合成方法,如sol-gel法,沉淀法,水热法和微乳液法。总结了焙烧温度与掺杂效应对气敏性能的影响,探讨了气敏机理模型,并对今后的研究方向提出了一些看法。     

Zn对AB5型贮氢合金的影响

研究了Zn替代Co对AB5型MlNi3.6Mn0.4Al0.3Co0.7贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。Zn替代Co使合金的晶胞参数和体积增大,导致贮氢合金最大放电容量增加,循环稳定性有所下降;随着Zn含量由0增加到0.5,氢的扩散系数由0.31×10-7m2/s增加到3.72×10-7m2/s,交换电流密度由157 mA/g增加到191 mA/g,合金极化电阻由1.23Ω减少到1.01Ω,合金表面电催化活性和高倍率性能得到了改善。     

制氢工艺改造的节能效果

介绍甲醇裂解制氢工艺特性,比较电解制氢和甲醇裂解制氢不同生产工艺电能消耗,分析节电机理,计算削峰能力,评价经济效果,为制氢生产企业提供典例。     

可再生能源发电制绿氢和氢能储运技术现状与发展分析

氢能已纳入我国能源发展战略。绿氢作为一种绿色二次能源,能够助推实现“双碳”目标。氢气制备和储运是氢能产业链的关键环节。重点阐述了电解水制绿氢和氢能储运的技术类型与发展现状,并对其应用前景和发展趋势进行了分析;提出氢气生产成本和储运方式是限制氢大规模部署的主要技术瓶颈;最后为传统电力企业进入绿氢制备和储运产业提供了一些思考和建议。     

Strong Hydrogen Bonds in Acetylenedicarboxylic Acid Dihydrate

Acetylenedicarboxylic acid dihydrate (ADAD) represents a complex with strong hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic OH and the water molecule. An X-ray re-examination of the ADAD crystal structure confirms the O^…O distance of the short hydrogen bonds, and clearly shows different bond lengths between the two oxygen atoms with respect to the carbon atom in the carboxyl group, indicating a neutral structure for the complex. The neutral structure was also confirmed by vibrational spectroscopy, as no proton transfer was observed. The diffraction studies also revealed two polymorph modifications: room temperature (α) and low temperature (β), with a phase transition at approximately 4.9 °C. The calculated vibrational spectra are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental spectra. A comparison of the structure and the vibrational spectra between the ADAD and the oxalic acid dihydrate reveals some interesting details. The crystal structures of both crystal hydrates are almost identical; only the O^…O distances of the strongest hydrogen bonds differ by 0.08 Å. Although it was expected that a larger O^…O spacing in the ADAD crystal may significantly change the infrared and Raman spectra, especially for the frequency and the shape of the acidic OH stretching vibration, both the shape and frequency are almost identical, with all subpeaks topped on the broad OH stretching vibration. The O^…O distance dependent are only in- and out-of-plane OH deformations modes. The presence of polarons due to the ionized defects was not observed in the vibrational spectra of ADAD. Therefore, the origin of the broad OH band shape was explained in a similar way to the acid dimers. The anharmonicity of a potential enhances the coupling of the OH stretching with the low-frequency hydrogen bond stretching, which, in addition to the Fermi resonance, structures the band shape of the OH stretching. The fine structure found as a superposition of a broad OH stretching is attributed to Davydov coupling.     

ALPUR除气装置在25 t熔铸生产线中的应用

25 t燃油熔铝炉熔炼的铝合金熔体中氢含量较高,配备ALPUR除气净化装置,通过合理使用,达到了满意的除氢效果,保证了铸锭的内部质量。     

Al_2O_3催化剂催化呋喃与H_2S反应制备噻吩

研究了呋喃与H2S在不同温度下焙烧的Al2O3催化剂上反应制备噻吩。实验结果表明,Al2O3催化剂的焙烧温度为550℃时,在液态空速0.2h-1、n(H2S)∶n(呋喃)=10、反应温度500℃的条件下,目标产物噻吩的收率达到90.2%。采用X射线衍射和BET方法对不同温度下焙烧的Al2O3催化剂的晶相结构和比表面积进行了表征,表征结果显示,随焙烧温度的升高,Al2O3的晶相结构由γ-相向α-相转变,同时比表面积由226.13m2/g急剧减小到2.22m2/g。采用吡啶吸附傅里叶变换红外光谱对Al2O3催化剂的表面酸性进行了表征,并结合实验数据对反应机理进行了探讨,得出Al2O3催化剂表面上L酸中心是呋喃与HS反应制备噻吩的催化活性位。     

纳米限域材料的制备及其在污染治理中的应用研究进展

纳米技术在环境污染治理中具有广泛前景,然而其在应用过程中存在纳米颗粒及活性中心易团聚失活的问题。将纳米粒子的活性中心限制在载体的孔道内,构建出新型纳米限域材料可以有效克服这一缺点。同时,凭借材料的纳米限域效应,一定程度上可影响水的氢键网络结构,并会影响反应中中间活性粒子的演化、传质速率、晶体的生长和成核阶段过程,以及提高局部空间内反应底物的浓度。本文系统梳理了纳米限域材料的制备方法,并对比分析了各种制备方法的优缺点,归纳总结了近年来纳米限域材料在吸附和高级氧化降解污染物中的研究进展,展望了未来纳米限域材料在环境污染物治理领域的研发及应用前景。     

长期高温高压氢暴露对Cr-Mo钢断裂韧性和裂纹行为的影响

选用Cr-Mo钢经400℃,20 MPa,10⁴ h氢暴露后进行拉伸、断裂韧性和疲劳试验.结果表明:Cr-Mo钢已经发生了氢腐蚀,氢蚀使Cr-Mo钢强度、塑性和断裂韧性均有所降低,也使断裂机制由韧窝型转变为解理脆性.氢蚀使疲劳裂纹扩展行为也发生了变化,疲劳裂纹扩展速率增加,ΔK_th降低.Cr-Mo钢氢蚀后,随应力比增加,疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值大幅度降低.