系统控制单元数据存储更新算法探讨

系统控制单元的有限存储空间被系统运行数据写满时,新产生的数据就需替换旧数据完成更新。通过采用逐条替换法、分块替换法、间歇删除法和抢断删除法,比较替换过程中最少存储数据的数量和实时性的滞后时间,找出一种最优的数据更新方法。试验结果表明,抢断删除替换算法更能快速有效实时完成数据的更新。     

低密度泡沫玻璃的研究与应用

低密度泡沫玻璃是利用碎玻璃制造的一种气孔率大于90%的隔热保温材料,它具有强度高、导热系数小、吸水率低、不吸湿、耐腐蚀等特性,在潮湿环境下抗冻性能好,是一种优良的低温、超低温隔热保温材料。该产品用途广泛,所用的原材料简单易得,但生产工艺过程比较复杂,生产过程控制精度要求较高,容易产生各种缺陷而影响产品的质量。本文对低密度泡沫玻璃的生产工艺过程进行详细的分析研究,提出相应的措施,确保产品的低密度和高成品率,提高产品的性能,扩大产品的使用范围。     

影响超声波热量表流量测量单元静态时间差因素的探讨

超声波热量表主要包含流量测量单元和温度测量单元两部分,其中流量测量单元主要由传感器管道、反射片保持架、换能器等零部件组成。流量测量单元的静态时间差很大程度决定了热量表整体性能。我们通过大量的标定实验来验证各个要素对测量单元静态时间差的影响。     

用于高速旋转载体的惯性导航系统设计

针对高速旋转载体的实际应用情况,采用了无陀螺捷联惯性导航技术方案,快速精确测量载体的姿态、速度和位置信息。无陀螺捷联惯导系统采用加速度计来解算载体相对惯性系的角速度,从而代替角速度陀螺仪,提高了系统的高过载的适应能力。首先推导了一种基于六加速度计配置方式力学编排方程,分析了加速度计精度、杆臂长度以及时间等因素对角速度误差产生影响,最后仿真分析了加速度计精度对惯导系统的定位精度的影响,为系统设计提供理论依据。     

基于模糊PID算法的空调机组温度控制

针对中央空调系统空调机组温度控制的非线性、滞后性及时变性等特点,设计了基于模糊PID算法的空调机组温度控制系统,实现了空调机组温度的实时在线控制.该系统选用MCGS组态软件实现系统运行状态的监控,使用西门子S7-1200 PLC进行现场设备控制.运行结果表明模糊PID控制器设计合理,有效改善了空调过程的调节品质,提高了空调机组的温度控制质量.     

Liquid-phase stereoselective thymol hydrogenation over supported nickel catalysts

The stereoselective hydrogenation of thymol was studied in liquid phase over several nickel catalysts, modified by coimpregnation of inorganic compounds containing chlorine. The total activity of all catalysts studied was decreased and was on the same order of magnitude, indicating that chlorine even after reduction remains on the surface and is responsible for the poisoning effects. Such blocking of accessible sites results in similar reaction rates for the catalysts studied. Selectivity and stereoselectivity to menthols and menthones changed significantly. The modifiers could influence the rate of keto-enol transformations, which is thought to be the key selectivity and stereoselectivity governing step.     

In situ observation of methoxide hydrogenation on the Ni(111) surface

The surface chemistry of methoxide (CH₃O-) on the Ni(111) surface has been studied in the presence of hydrogen pressures up to 2 Torr. During heating in vacuum methoxide decomposes to H₂ and CO, which desorb at 380 and 445 K, respectively. The CH₃O-decomposition process is rate limited by CH bond breaking and exhibits a strong deuterium kinetic isotope effect in CD₃O-. In the presence of ambient hydrogen pressures of 0.02–2.0 Torr both CH₃O- and CD₃O-are hydrogenated directly to methanol at 310 K. Methoxide is hydrogenated by adsorbed hydrogen, which nearly saturates the surface at these pressures and temperatures.     

Adaptive block size for dense QR factorization in hybrid CPU–GPU systems via statistical modeling

QR factorization is a computational kernel of scientific computing. How can the latest computer be used to accelerate this task? We investigate this topic by proposing a dense QR factorization algorithm with adaptive block sizes on a hybrid system that contains a central processing unit (CPU) and a graphic processing unit (GPU). To maximize the use of CPU and GPU, we develop an adaptive scheme that chooses block size at each iteration. The decision is based on statistical surrogate models of performance and an online monitor, which avoids unexpected occasional performance drops. We modify the highly optimized CPU–GPU based QR factorization in MAGMA to implement the proposed schemes. Numerical results suggest that our approaches are efficient and can lead to near-optimal block sizes. The proposed algorithm can be extended to other one-sided factorizations, such as LU and Cholesky factorizations.     

A comprehensive approach to evaluating watershed models for predicting river flow regimes critical to downstream ecosystem services

Selection of strategies that help reduce riverine inputs requires numerical models that accurately quantify hydrologic processes. While numerous models exist, information on how to evaluate and select the most robust models is limited. Toward this end, we developed a comprehensive approach that helps evaluate watershed models in their ability to simulate flow regimes critical to downstream ecosystem services. We demonstrated the method using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), the Hydrological Simulation Program–FORTRAN (HSPF) model, and Distributed Large Basin Runoff Model (DLBRM) applied to the Maumee River Basin (USA). The approach helped in identifying that each model simulated flows within acceptable ranges. However, each was limited in its ability to simulate flows triggered by extreme weather events, owing to algorithms not being optimized for such events and mismatched physiographic watershed conditions. Ultimately, we found HSPF to best predict river flow, whereas SWAT offered the most flexibility for evaluating agricultural management practices.     

大涝坝气田油气井远程监控系统设计与实现

大涝坝气田地处戈壁腹地,自然环境差、油气井压力高、安全风险大。通过自动化、信息化手段实现油气井生产状况的远程监控是油田发展的必然趋势。依据油气井生产实际情况,设计了一套远程监控系统。该系统以三维力控ForceControl监控组态软件和安控RTU为软硬件核心,对油气井生产过程实现全天候自动监控。详细阐述了油气井远程监控系统设计思路,包括系统结构原理、硬件和软件设计。实践表明该系统具有很好的推广应用价值。