Ti和V对Fe中氢与位错交互作用的影响

研究了Fe-0.5wt-%Ti和Fe-0.5wt-%V合金中由氢与位错交互作用所形成的氢致冷加工内耗峰(H-CWP)。实验结果表明:合金元素对H-CWP、对氢与位错之间的交互作用有显著的影响,与氢作用愈强的元素,对H-CWP的影响愈大,内耗实验结果与力学性能之间存在着一定的联系.     

均匀设计法、神经网络和遗传算法结合在内高压成形工艺参数优化中的应用

内高压成形技术是以轻量化和一体化为特征的一种空心变截面轻体构件的先进制造技术。目前,内高压成形技术越来越受到人们的关注,特别是汽车制造企业。管材的内高压成形过程与很多因素有关,其中施加在管件内部的压力与轴向进给量之间的配比关系尤为重要,对两者的匹配关系进行优化是内高压成形面临的重要课题。传统的优化方法需要大量的模拟计算,耗时多且不易掌握。针对这一问题,该文提出了将均匀设计法、神经网络和遗传算法相结合进行参数优化,既利用了均匀设计试验的均匀可靠性,又运用神经网络的非线性映射、网络推理和预测功能,最后发挥遗传算法的全局优化特性,得出了最优结果,并直接为实际生产提供了可靠的参数依据。     

Dynamic Young’s modulus and internal friction in polycrystalline copper

An attempt has been made to measure the temperature dependence of dynamic Young’s modulus together with the related variation of internal friction in polycrystalline copper. A mechanical spectroscopy study was employed using a standard servo hydraulic fatigue testing machine equipped with a scanning laser extensometer. Dynamic Young’s modulus and internal friction were measured over a temperature range of 298 to 873 K at very low frequencies of 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 Hz. One internal friction peak was observed over the ranges 450 to 700 K, together with marked decreases in the dynamic Young’s modulus in the same temperature range. From a quantitative analysis of the experimental data with the relaxation strength, relaxation time, and activation energy, it is concluded that the peak phenomenon is due to grain-boundary sliding relaxation.     

Oxidation Behavior of Ni-3,6, 10 wt.% Al Alloys at 800°C

The oxidation behavior of Ni and Ni-3, 6, and 10Al alloys at 800°C in an N₂–O₂ gas mixture was investigated. The mass gain of each alloy depended on both the oxidation periods and Al content. NiO scale was formed on all alloy substrates accompanied by internal oxides of Al₂O₃. Many cavities were formed at the NiO/substrate interface at shorter oxidation times, and these cavities were found to be filled by metallic Ni(Al) from the matrix in the internal-oxidation zone by the development of internal oxides. The filling of cavities by Ni(Al) was more significant on higher Al alloys, which had a higher density of internal Al₂O₃. Once metallic Ni(Al) formed along the entire NiO/substrate interface, the oxidation kinetics became the same as pure Ni. It was concluded that pure Ni filling the cavities at the interface provided a diffusion path of Ni from the substrate to the NiO scale, and that controlled the oxidation kinetics.     

Effects of aluminum on the oxidation of 25Cr-35Ni cast steels

The oxidation kinetics and morphological development during reaction of two cast austenitic steels at 1000°C in pure dry oxygen at 20 kPa are reported. Both steels contained approximately 25 wt.% Cr and 35 wt.% Ni and, in addition, one steel contained 3.3 wt. %. Both steels oxidized to form external scales consisting mainly of Cr₂O₃ with a thin outer layer of manganese rich spinel. Scale growth kinetics were parabolic, and somewhat faster rates were observed for the aluminum bearing steel. In both steels, deep internal oxidation occurred at the site of primary (interdendritic) carbides. The kinetics of this process were parabolic, and rate control was attributed to oxygen diffusion along the interface between internal oxide and matrix metal. In the aluminum-free steel, interdendritic carbides were converted to chromium rich oxide, but when aluminum was present, a sheath of aluminum rich oxide formed around the carbides. In this latter case, the rate of interdendritic penetration was somewhat slower. The aluminum bearing steel also formed large numbers of rod-shaped Al₂O₃ precipitates within the austenitic dendrites. Deepening of the Al₂O₃ precipitate zone also proceeded according to parabolic kinetics at a rate consistent with rate control by diffusion of oxygen along the oxide-alloy interfaces.     

挤压筒损坏原因分析及其预防措施

分析了建筑铝合金型材挤压筒内衬破裂和挤压筒前端面与模套密封处磨损的原因，提出了相应的预防措施。     

时效处理对Fe-5.5Al-2Mo和Fe-7Al-0.5Ti合金阻尼性能的影响

研究了Fe-5．5Al-2Mo及Fe-7Al-0．5Ti减振合金的时效特点，并深入分析了温度为475℃不同时间时效处理对其阻尼性能的影响。结果表明，合金在时效处理时，其晶粒大小及形状保持稳定；其最大阻尼性能δmax随时效时间的延长也保持在0．08～0.12。     

接地板级进模设计与制造

介绍了接地板多工位级进模的结构特点和设计要点,分析了模具设计中的技术问题,得出了排样设计和解决内凹弯曲件的卸料问题的方法,对同类零件的模具设计有一定的借鉴作用.     

时效对Mn-Cu-Al三元合金的内耗、杨氏模量和力学性能的影响

测量了Mn-Cu-Al三元合金(含56-60wt-％Mn,0-3.59wt-％Al)在-150—150℃的声频内耗,发现当试样在调幅线的温度范围内进行时效时,内耗随着时效时间的增加而增加,并在特定的时间内达到极大值.时效温度越高,达到极大值的时间越短.在时效一定的时间后出现马氏体相变峰和孪晶界面弛豫峰.相变峰随着时效时间的增加而向高温移动;弛豫峰则出现在15℃左右(频率约1kHz),测得其激活能是0.56eV. 在调幅线内时效使合金的硬度、强度及脆性墙加,Al元素有增加合金的强度而降低其内耗的作用.实验结果表明,在450℃时效2—3h,可得到合金的内耗和强度的最佳综合指标. 根据内耗、模量、金相检验和X射线分析的结果,认为调幅分解后产生的富Mn区是合金发生相变和高内耗的来源,也是合金的强度增加和韧性降低的原因.