玉米黄色素对人卵巢透明癌细胞ES-2侵袭、迁移、凋亡及周期的影响

从玉米蛋白粉中提取、纯化得到玉米黄色素,研究其对人卵巢透明癌细胞ES-2的侵袭、迁移、凋亡及周期的影响。MTT法检测玉米黄色素作用于MDA-MB-231、PC-3、ES-2和A549细胞后的细胞活性;分别通过transwell体外侵袭试验、transwell体外迁移试验、流式细胞术检测玉米黄色素干扰对人卵巢透明癌细胞ES-2的侵袭能力、迁移能力、细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响。结果显示,玉米黄色素对上述几种肿瘤细胞的生长均有抑制作用,其中对ES-2影响最为显著。当给药浓度达到100μg/mL时,对细胞的侵袭和迁移抑制率分别为52.59%和55.76%;流式细胞术检测结果表明,玉米黄色素浓度增加至100μg/mL时,G1期、S期和G2期细胞分别为85.33%、11.64%、3.21%,更多的ES-2细胞被阻断在G1期,且细胞凋亡率增加到13.85%。综上所述,玉米黄色素能够诱导ES-2细胞发生凋亡,阻断细胞周期,并抑制细胞的侵袭和迁移。     

机构综合的混沌搜索自适应入侵遗传算法研究

将生物系统中"入侵"的概念引入遗传算法,提出机构综合排斥二周期点优化求解的一种基于混沌搜索自适应入侵遗传算法.该算法动态地引入入侵种群,并利用混沌搜索产生入侵个体.入侵种群的扩散使优良基因得以在个体中传播,优化了种群的基因构成,能够促使种群跳出局部最小,并向全局优化方向进化,从而有效避免了遗传算法的早熟现象.将该算法应用排斥二周期点优化求解,实例表明该算法具有较快的收敛速度和较强的寻优能力,能够快速求出机构综合问题非线性方程组全部解.     

Effect of Compressive Stress in Tumor Microenvironment on Malignant Tumor Spheroid Invasion Process

In this study, we proposed an in vitro tumor model to simulate the mechanical microenvironment and investigate the effect of compressive stress on the invasion process of malignant tumors. It has been pointed out that the biomechanical environment, as well as the biochemical environment, could affect the transformation of cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. We hypothesized that the solid stress caused by the exclusion of surrounding tissue could transform tumor cells from noninvasive to invasive phenotypes. Colorectal cell spheroids were embedded and cultured in agarose gels of varying concentrations to simulate the earliest stages of tumor formation and invasion. The spheroids embedded in gels at higher concentrations showed peculiar growth after 72 h of culture, and the external compressive loading imposed on them caused peculiar growth even in the gels at lower concentrations. In conclusion, the mechanical microenvironment caused the transformation of tumor cell phenotypes, promoting the growth and invasion of tumor cell spheroids.     

碳酸酐酶1沉默对肺癌A549细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭和迁移的影响

目的:探讨沉默碳酸酐酶1（CA1）对人肺癌A549细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭和迁移的影响。方法:采用脂质体转染法将CA1特异性siRNA（si-CA1组）及阴性对照（si-NC组）转染肺癌A549细胞,同时以转染空脂质体的A549细胞为空白对照组（Blank组）。采用实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）和蛋白印迹法（Western blot）检测CA1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平,细胞计数试剂盒法（CCK-8）、流式细胞术、Transwell实验分别检测A549细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭和迁移能力。结果:qPCR和Western blot检测结果显示,转入CA1 siRNA的A549细胞中CA1 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平均明显下调（P<0.05）;CCK-8实验结果显示,沉默CA1后si-CA1组A549细胞在24、48和72 h时光密度（OD）值明显低于si-NC组（P<0.05）;流式细胞术结果发现,si-CA1组A549细胞凋亡率明显高于si-NC组（P<0.05）;Transwell实验结果显示,si-CA1组侵袭和迁移细胞数均明显少于si-NC组（P<0.05）。与Blank组相比,si-NC组以上各指标差异均不显著（P>0.05）。结论:沉默CA1能够抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移,并促进细胞凋亡。     

Next-generation tools for evolutionary invasion analyses

Evolutionary invasion analysis is a powerful technique for modelling in evolutionary biology. The general approach is to derive an expression for the growth rate of a mutant allele encoding some novel phenotype, and then to use this expression to predict long-term evolutionary outcomes. Mathematically, such ‘invasion fitness’ expressions are most often derived using standard linear stability analyses from dynamical systems theory. Interestingly, there is a mathematically equivalent approach to such stability analyses that is often employed in mathematical epidemiology, and that is based on so-called ‘next-generation’ matrices. Although this next-generation matrix approach has sometimes also been used in evolutionary invasion analyses, it is not yet common in this area despite the fact that it can sometimes greatly simplify calculations. The aim of this article is to bring the approach to a wider evolutionary audience in two ways. First, we review the next-generation matrix approach and provide a novel, and easily intuited, interpretation of how this approach relates to more standard techniques. Second, we illustrate next-generation methods in evolutionary invasion analysis through a series of informative examples. Although focusing primarily on evolutionary invasion analysis, we provide several insights that apply to biological modelling in general.     

如何挽救分区表丢失后硬盘中的数据

由于病毒破坏主引导扇区中的分区表，使硬盘无法启动。用软驱启动机器亦不能进入硬盘。通常只有利用ＦＤＩＳＫ和ＦＯＲＭＡＴ重新分区并格式化，果硬盘中原有信息完全丢失。本文依据分区表的构成及ＦＤＩＳＫ的工作原理，提出不破坏硬盘原有信息，恢复硬盘功能的方法。即使原来主引导扇区没有备份，这一方法也行之有效。附录中详细介绍了具体的操作步骤，并通过实例说明。     

Utility of R0 as a predictor of disease invasion in structured populations

Early theoretical work on disease invasion typically assumed large and well-mixed host populations. Many human and wildlife systems, however, have small groups with limited movement among groups. In these situations, the basic reproductive number, R0, is likely to be a poor predictor of a disease pandemic because it typically does not account for group structure and movement of individuals among groups. We extend recent work by combining the movement of hosts, transmission within groups, recovery from infection and the recruitment of new susceptibles into a stochastic model of disease in a host metapopulation. We focus on how recruitment of susceptibles affects disease invasion and how population structure can affect the frequency of superspreading events (SSEs). We show that the frequency of SSEs may decrease with the reduced movement and the group sizes due to the limited number of susceptible individuals available. Classification tree analysis of the model results illustrates the hierarchical nature of disease invasion in host metapopulations. First, the pathogen must effectively transmit within a group (R0>1), and then the pathogen must persist within a group long enough to allow for movement among the groups. Therefore, the factors affecting disease persistence--such as infectious period, group size and recruitment of new susceptibles--are as important as the local transmission rates in predicting the spread of pathogens across a metapopulation.     

底水丘滩体储集层特征及开发对策

碳酸盐岩底水气藏储集层复杂多样,储集层中裂缝发育,导致气井出水,气藏开发效果差。以土库曼斯坦阿姆河盆地BTU碳酸盐岩气田为例,通过分析研究区地质特征,明确了裂缝发育特征,揭示了气井高产的有利因素。基于水体能量评估结果和储集层物性特征,细分丘滩体水侵储集层类型,评估不同类型气藏水侵风险。分析不同类型气井生产动态,总结气井出水动态特征和产量递减规律,结合国内外控水采气经验,从而提出不同水侵特征类型储集层高效开发对策。