Electroseparation of an antibacterial peptide fraction from snow crab by-products hydrolysate by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes

Recently, a snow crab by-products hydrolysate has demonstrated antibacterial properties due to a peptide with a molecular weight of about 800 Da, but only at high concentration. Consequently, peptide hydrolysate has been fractionated to obtain peptides in a more purified form. The aim of this work was to separate a snow crab by-products hydrolysate by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes (EDUF). EDUF, which allows separation of molecules according to their charges and molecular weights, was used to recover and concentrate the active antibacterial fraction. Two different ultrafiltration membranes (20 and 50 kDa) and two electrical field strengths (2 and 14 V/cm) were used as separation parameters. After EDUF separation, the 300-600 Da peptide molecular weight range was the most recovered with an abundance of 94%. Moreover, fractionation at 14 V/cm with ultrafiltration membranes of 50 kDa allowed the recovery of an anionic fraction which showed antibacterial properties on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Listeria innocua HPB 13.     

Susceptibility of anthocyanins to ex vivo degradation in human saliva

Some fruits and their anthocyanin-rich extracts have been reported to exhibit chemopreventive activity in the oral cavity. Insights regarding oral metabolism of anthocyanins remain limited. Anthocyanin-rich extracts from blueberry, chokeberry, black raspberry, red grape, and strawberry were incubated ex vivo with human saliva from 14 healthy subjects. All anthocyanins were partially degraded in saliva. Degradation of chokeberry anthocyanins in saliva was temperature dependent and decreased by heating saliva to 80 °C and after removal of cells. Glycosides of delphinidin and petunidin were more susceptible to degradation than those of cyanidin, pelargonidin, peonidin and malvidin in both intact and artificial saliva. Stability of di- and tri-saccharide conjugates of anthocyanidins slightly, but significantly, exceeded that of monosaccharide compounds. Ex vivo degradation of anthocyanins in saliva was significantly decreased after oral rinsing with antibacterial chlorhexidine. These results suggest that anthocyanin degradation in the mouth is structure-dependent and largely mediated by oral microbiota.     

超高效液相色谱法检测饮料中纳他霉素的含量

建立用超高效液相色谱测定饮料中纳他霉素含量的方法。用甲醇溶液提取样品中的纳他霉素,UPLC分析,外标法定量。采用BEHShieldRP18色谱柱,检测波长为303nm,以乙酸铵和乙腈为流动相,进行等度洗脱。该方法操作简单快捷,方法准确度和稳定性好。     

三硅氧烷型吡啶类离子液体表面活性剂的合成与表征

通过两步法制备了一种三硅氧烷型吡啶类离子液体表面活性剂([Si(3)Py]Cl),用IR、1H NMR和13C NMR对产物的结构进行表征,表面活性和聚集行为通过表面张力仪、动态光散射(DLS)和负染色透射电镜(TEM)进行测量.结果表明:[Si(3)Py]Cl具有良好的表面活性,其cmc为24.81 mmol/L,γcmc为23.04 mN/m,在水溶液中能聚集成直径为50~100 nm的囊泡.     

15种提取液对辣椒粉中3种碱性橙染料提取效果比较

通过15种提取液对辣椒粉中3种碱性橙染料即碱性橙2(CDG)、碱性橙21(AOG)、碱性橙22(AOR)提取效果的比较,建立了基于高效液相色谱法(HPLC)的前处理方法。以体积分数1%甲酸甲醇为辣椒粉中碱性橙提取液,以甲醇和20mmol/L乙酸铵(57:43)流动相,STPAKC18-ES(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,CDG检测波长419nm,AOG、AOR检测波长485nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温40℃为HPLC条件,该方法的检出限为CDG、AOR:0.01mg/kg,AOG:0.005mg/kg。方法回收率60%以上,相对标准偏差小于4%。结果表明,以体积分数1%甲酸甲醇为提取液时,在阳性样品提取率、阴性样品加标回收以及色谱峰形等方面,与现有国家标准相比,均具有显著优势。     

应用响应面法优化丁酸环己酯的制备

选取反应时间、酸醇物质的量比、催化剂用量和带水剂用量4个因素进行中心组合设计,运用响应面法对酸性离子液体催化制备丁酸环己酯的工艺参数进行了优化。试验结果表明,离子液体1-甲基-3-(丙基-3-磺酸基)咪唑硫酸氢盐([HSO3-pmim]HSO4)具有最好的催化活性,以该催化剂合成丁酸环己酯的最佳反应条件为:反应时间2.6 h,n(丁酸):n(环己醇)=1∶1.7,离子液体剂量4.8%,带水剂用量9.8mL,在该条件下,丁酸环己酯的酯化率为97.2%,与模型预测值基本相符。离子液体[HSO3-pmim]HSO4重复使用5次后,催化活性基本未降低。     

解吸附电晕束电离质谱辅助高效液相色谱法检测减肥类保健食品中的违禁药物

目的利用解吸附电晕束电离质谱(DCBI-MS)对减肥类保健食品中违禁药物进行快速筛选,进而用高效液相色谱法(HPLC-UV)对疑似检出样品准确定量。方法通过DCBI-MS直接分析,对比标准物质的一级、二级质谱谱图,对检测样品中非法添加的芬氟拉明、酚酞、西布曲明、单去甲基西布曲明、双去甲基西布曲明进行定性鉴别。HPLC-UV对5种目标化合物准确定量。结果 HPLC-UV方法中各目标物的线性范围为0.25～300 mg/L。12个检测样品中3个样品共3种违禁物被DCBI-MS方法检出。高效液相色谱法准确复检结果显示DCBI-MS的半定量结果可信。结论 DCBI-MS无需样品预处理,单个样品的分析时间不到1 min,辅助高效液相色谱法实现了减肥类违禁药物的快速、高通量、高精度检测。     

液熏法生产熏鳗的工艺研究

为了解决烟熏鳗鱼加工过程中油脂外溢及氧化的技术难题,并控制微生物生长,研究液熏法生产熏鳗的技术。通过控制烘烤温度及时间防止油脂外溢及氧化,并保持鲜度。对腌液的成分、浸渍条件及鳗鱼的烘烤条件进行了优化,确定了鳗鱼液熏的加工工艺条件,并对其工艺稳定性及产品保藏性进行了研究。结果表明,利用液熏法制备熏鳗适宜的工艺是:盐液质量分数6%,熏液质量分数8%,浸渍时间5h,烘烤温度85℃。用该工艺生产液熏鳗鱼,不仅有效地解决了油脂外溢引起过氧化值快速增加的技术难题,还控制了微生物的生长,保证了产品的安全性。该工艺稳定性好,产品卫生安全,各批次产品间的相对标准偏差小于6%。在冷冻状态下保藏6个月后其菌落总数、大肠菌群及过氧化值均符合国家卫生标准。对该工艺进一步研究及应用,有助于推动鳗鱼加工技术的进步。     

蛹虫草菌的液态培养基优化

采用响应面法优化蛹虫草菌的液态培养基,以获得最大菌体量为响应值,采用Plackett-Burman试验筛选出主要影响因素为葡萄糖、蛋白胨、七水硫酸镁。再利用最陡爬坡试验确定响应区域的中心点。最后利用中心复合试验确定最优的培养基配方为葡萄糖53.363 6g/L,蛋白胨26.720g/L,七水硫酸镁2.195 2g/L,磷酸二氢钾0.5g/L。蛹虫草菌的最终菌体总干重为3.91g/L,比优化前增加了2.48倍。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肉中磺胺多辛的不确定度评定

对高效液相色谱一串联质谱法测定猪肉中磺胺多辛含量过程中引入的不确定度进行了分析和评定,通过试验计算出猪肉中磺胺多辛含量测量结果的不确定度。在置信水平为95％,包含因子k=2时,其相对扩展不确定度8．58％;当磺胺多辛含量为35．37μg／kg,其扩展不确定度为3．03μg／kg。样品的前处理所引入的不确定度对合成不确定度的贡献最大。