杨家坝油田裂缝发育规律及对开发效果的影响

杨家坝油田砂岩储层裂缝以水平缝和低角度倾斜缝为主,裂缝发育密度受岩性、厚度和构造位置影响明显。粉砂岩中裂缝密度最大,薄砂层中裂缝密度大于厚砂层,边界断层对裂缝的形成具有控制作用。靠边界断层附近,裂缝密度高,沿鼻状构造轴部裂缝密度大于翼部。结合动态资料分析了裂缝对开发效果的影响:裂缝的存在提高了油层的产量,但边水和注入水突进严重,含水率上升速度快,导致油藏采收率低;薄砂层裂缝发育,水淹严重;杨家坝油田开发后期的挖掘潜力仍在厚油层上。     

单组分吸附数据的回归及应用

作为地层多孔介质中油气藏烃类体系二相(气相和吸附相)或三相(气相、液相和吸附相)相平衡模拟计算的基础研究工作，本文根据吸附位势(位能)理论，利用Dubinin吸附势的定义，对于同一种类型的吸附剂(多孔介质)，对不同吸附质在不同温度条件下测得的吸附实验数据，将其吸附量和吸附势相关联，拟合得到相应的回归方程。并利用拟合得到的回归方程，针对某个气藏(Case2)，在确定的平均气层岩心参数的条件下，生成该气藏在给定气层温度下所有组分的吸附等温线。     

北一区断东西块葡一组油藏精细描述及预测

当前油田面临着深度开发的严峻形势，需要多学科协同研究，来实现提高原油采收率的目的油藏开发现实更需要精细，准确，定量地预测出井间各种砂体内部非均质性及其三维空间分布规律。以萨中油田北－区断东西块葡一组为实例，通过应用高分辨率层序精细对比，流动单元定量表征，沉积微相条件控制的储层建模，油藏数值模拟等方法进行综合研究，揭示了河流－三角洲相储层定量的非均质特征，从宏观角度表征了砂体内部剩余油分布，建立了油藏综合模型，多学科油藏研究为精细油藏描述与预测提供了实用手段，提高了油藏预测水平，对油田同类储层精细研究具有实际意义。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长8

鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组长8¹段低渗储层油藏具有典型性和代表性。通过对长81段低渗储层成岩过程、沥青赋存状态的细致观察,分析了古流体的活动特征,总结出西峰油田长81段储层经历了多期成岩过程,其间至少发生了3期油充注。在前人及作者先前工作的基础上,分析了西峰油田低渗储层的特征,结合对各种可能的油气成藏模式的动力学条件分析,提出研究区较为可信的成藏模式:在侏罗纪晚期,储层孔渗性良好,长7 ³ 段优质烃源岩生成的油气进入长8¹段输导体系,在浮力作用下发生侧向运移,并第一次成藏;以后随盆地发生翘倾构造活动,已聚集的油发生散失,而持续的压实、胶结等成岩作用使得储层变为低渗;早白垩世以来的油气运聚成藏过程中,油气利用先前与油长期接触而具亲油性的残留路径网络,沿优势输导通道侧向运移、聚集成藏。     

RESERVOIR SANDSTONES OF THE CRETACEOUS NAPO FORMATION U AND T MEMBERS IN THE ORIENTE BASIN,ECUADOR: LINKS BETWEEN DIAGENESIS AND SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY

This paper investigates whether diagenetic alterations in sandstones and resulting changes in reservoir quality are influenced by depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy. The study focusses on the Cretaceous U and T sandstone members of the Napo Formation in the Oriente Basin of Ecuador. The sandstones were deposited in fluvial, transitional and marine environments, and comprise Lowstand (LST), Transgressive (TST) and Highstand Systems Tract (HST) deposits. The data were obtained by detailed petrographic observations supported by microprobe, stable isotope, and fluid inclusion analyses. The sandstones consist of fine- to medium-grained quartzarenites and subarkoses. Diagenetic events include cementation by chlorite, early and late kaolinite/dickite, early and late carbonates (siderite, Fe-dolomite/ankerite), and quartz. Early (eogenetic) processes included formation of chlorite grain coatings, kaolinite pore filling, and siderite (SI) cementation. Chlorite is absent in TST sandstones but was found frequently in LST-HST sandstones. Early kaolinite is not present in LST sandstones but occurred frequently in LST-HST sandstones. The distribution of mesogenetic cements relative to sequence stratigraphy is different in the U and T units. In the U sandstones, calcite is frequent in LST deposits and absent in the LST-HST. Fe-dolomite/ankerite is abundant only in the TST. S2 siderite is present in the TST and LST, but absent in the LST-HST. Quartz cement and kaolinite/dickite are equally distributed in all systems tracts. In the T sandstones Fe-dolomite/ankerite is only abundant in the TST, whilst calcite, quartz and dickite have similar distributions in all the systems tracts. The distribution of kaolinite cement is interpreted to be the result of relatively more intense meteoric-water flux occurring during sea-level fall, whereas chlorite cement may have formed through burial diagenetic transformation of precursor clays e.g. berthierine which was precipitated in mixed marine-meteoric waters in tidal channel and estuarine environments. Chlorite cement in the T and U sandstones appears to have retarded development of quartz overgrowths, and 12–13% primary porosity is retained. The T sandstones (LST-HST) contain up to 4% chlorite cement. Little evidence for chemical compaction was found with the exception of occasional concave-convex grain contacts. Eogenetic siderite appears to have helped to preserve reservoir quality through supporting the sandstone framework against further compaction, but mesogenetic calcite has considerably reduced primary porosity. Eogenetic siderite (SI) was partly replaced by later carbonate cements such as late siderite (S2) and Fe-dolomite. Although there appears to be a relationship in the Napo Formation between the occurrence of siderite SI and sequence stratigraphy, the relationship may change when original volumes of siderite are considered. There is likewise partial replacement of early kaolinite and recrystalization to dickite which masks the amount of original early kaolinite. Since the amount of early kaolinite could not be confirmed, the relationship to sequence stratigraphy is tentative. Only chlorite seems to have a clear relationship to sequence stratigraphic framework in the Napo Formation. The high intergranular volume (IGV) of the sandstones indicates that cementation played a more important role than mechanical and chemical compaction in both Napo Formation sandstone members. Later dissolution of feldspar grains and siderite cements was the main process of secondary porosity development (up to 11% in the U sandstones).     

激电法找油的原理及应用

激电法是非地震物探手段中的一种，由于油气在向上渗透的过程中会与地层发生一系列的生物。化学反应而形成次生黄铁矿，激电法正是通过发现油气藏上方形成的次生黄铁矿晕来寻找油气的一种间接找油方法。通过详细介绍激电法寻找油气的基本原理。仪器设备等，从实践角度论述了激电法在油田勘探开发中的应用范围及其特点，最后通过兴例说明了其良好的应用效果。     

对数螺旋线在盐津桥拱坝体型设计中的应用

对数螺旋线拱坝，因其有三个可调整的因素，更能满足应力和稳定的要求，尤其更能满足盐津桥水库大坝已浇筑的垫座和已开挖的坝肩，充分显示其优越性而被采用。优化设计中，采用五次多项式来描述沿高程变化的单变量多项式指标，这种途径易于寻找最优方案，利于使坝面线性更光滑，也便于施工放样坐标点的计算。     

升钟水库粘土心墙石碴坝施工

升钟水库是一座以粘土心墙防渗体和风化砂岩石碴为坝壳料利用当地材料的土石坝工程。本文系统地介绍了该水库工程施工导流与渡汛、坝基处理、料场规划与开采、进坝道路布置、坝体填筑以及质量控制等内容，取得了可贵的施工经验。大坝工程的基础处理及填筑施工质量达到优良水平，被水电部评为优质工程。     

年调节水库兴利库容模糊聚类推求方法初探

传统方法探求水库兴利库容量是采用库容排频法或典型年法,其所得库容易受样本容量或个别特殊年份的影响,缺乏必要的稳定性。实质上,水文典型年是一个模糊概念,一个实际年型只能是在多大程度上属于“某类年型”,而决非“某类年型”本身,基于对此的认识,本文采用模糊聚类方法初步研究了年调节水库的兴利库容推求问题。     

安康水库洪水传播特性水槽试验研究

本文采用大型水槽高变率变态模型非恒定试验与理论分析相结合的方法，对汉江安康水库洪水传播的若干特性进行了研究，就洪水波在水库中的传播时间、入库洪水过程的推算方法、坝址入库洪水与入库洪水和关系、各频率设计洪水的最高库水位、下泄洪水过程、调蓄滞洪历时、洪型对水库防洪的影响及水库平水区水位变化规律等问题得出相应的结果或结论，与可对比资料及安康水库蓄水运用资料吻合良好，其成果对安康水库防洪具有实用价值，对类