3-Methyl-α-himachalene: Proposed structure for novel homosesquiterpene sex pheromone ofLutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: Psychodidae) from Jacobina,Brazil

The principal behaviorally active volatile component (ca. 90% +) of the sex pheromone glands ofLutzomyia longipalpis from Jacobina. Brazil, has been isolated and characterized as a novel homosesquiterpene with the structure 3-methyl--himachalene (C₁₆H₂₆). A minor component (ca. 10%) of the gland extract has also been identified as the sesquiterpene-himachalene (C₁₅H₂₄). This work confirms that there are at least 3 members of theL. longipalpis species complex.     

Charge-transfer in YBa2Cu3Ox

The charge-transfer hypothesis is shown to be inconsistent with data for YBa₂Cu₃O_x: (i) The two-step behavior ofT _c(x) (with jumps from zero to 60 K and then to 90 K) is not reflected as a similar, statistically significant two-step behavior in the bond-valence-sum charge of cuprate-plane Cu ions (as once believed), (ii) as a consequence of the law of conservation of charge, the derivatives of the layer charges with respect to oxygen contentx for both the Ba-O layers and the charge-reservoir Cu-O chains have the opposite signs to those predicted, and (iii) the charge-transfer observed for superconducting YBa₂Cu₃O_x is not sufficient to produce superconductivity, as demonstrated by insulating PrBa₂Cu₃O_x, which has virtually the same layer charges.     

网上拍卖的隐私保护技术研究

文章利用门的安全计算和代理OT协议构造出基于第三方的门的安全计算,构造了可用于密封式拍卖方法的函数,并设计了一个可保护隐私信息的网上拍卖方案。     

基于海量数据分析的煤矿生产辅助决策支持系统的设计

以某煤矿自动化系统的建设为例,提出了一种基于海量数据分析的煤矿生产辅助决策支持系统的设计方案。该系统通过融合全矿井各传感器采集的数据,进行分系统的汇聚统计分析以及全系统的集成统计分析,可对煤矿生产过程中各机电设备的健康状况、故障、运行能耗作出判断,从而实现对煤矿生产的辅助决策支持。实际应用表明,该系统运行良好,提高了煤矿生产效率和管理水平。     

控制系统动态马尔可夫过程可靠性分析

针对特定试验条件下小子样控制系统可靠性评定的特点,引入故障率分析,介绍了基于马尔可夫过程可维修控制系统的可靠性分析方法,推导了n个部件组成的串联可维修系统可用度的表达式,并针对具体工程用控制系统进行了可用度仿真计算。最后借助可靠性分析软件验证了该方法的合理性。两种方法结论一致,为其他结构可修系统的可靠性分析提供了重要的理论依据。     

Effects of woody elements on simulated canopy reflectance: Implications for forest chlorophyll content retrieval

An important bio-indicator of actual plant health status, the foliar content of chlorophyll a and b (Cab), can be estimated using imaging spectroscopy. For forest canopies, however, the relationship between the spectral response and leaf chemistry is confounded by factors such as background (e.g. understory), canopy structure, and the presence of non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV, e.g. woody elements)—particularly the appreciable amounts of standing and fallen dead wood found in older forests. We present a sensitivity analysis for the estimation of chlorophyll content in woody coniferous canopies using radiative transfer modeling, and use the modeled top-of-canopy reflectance data to analyze the contribution of woody elements, leaf area index (LAI), and crown cover (CC) to the retrieval of foliar Cab content. The radiative transfer model used comprises two linked submodels: one at leaf level (PROSPECT) and one at canopy level (FLIGHT). This generated bidirectional reflectance data according to the band settings of the Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS) from which chlorophyll indices were calculated. Most of the chlorophyll indices outperformed single wavelengths in predicting Cab content at canopy level, with best results obtained by the Maccioni index ([R₇₈₀ − R₇₁₀] / [R₇₈₀ − R₆₈₀]). We demonstrate the performance of this index with respect to structural information on three distinct coniferous forest types (young, early mature and old-growth stands). The modeling results suggest that the spectral variation due to variation in canopy chlorophyll content is best captured for stands with medium dense canopies. However, the strength of the up-scaled Cab signal weakens with increasing crown NPV scattering elements, especially when crown cover exceeds 30%. LAI exerts the least perturbations. We conclude that the spectral influence of woody elements is an important variable that should be considered in radiative transfer approaches when retrieving foliar pigment estimates in heterogeneous stands, particularly if the stands are partly defoliated or long-lived.     

FluorMODleaf: A new leaf fluorescence emission model based on the PROSPECT model

A new model of chlorophyll a fluorescence emission by plant leaves, FluorMODleaf, is presented. It is an extension of PROSPECT, a widely used leaf optical properties model that regards the leaf as a pile of N absorbing and diffusing elementary plates. In FluorMODleaf, fluorescence emission of an infinitesimal layer of thickness dx is integrated over the entire elementary plate. The fluorescence source function is based on the excitation spectrum of diluted isolated thylakoids and on the emission spectra of isolated photosystems, PSI and PSII, which are the main pigment-protein complexes involved in the initial stages of photosynthesis. Scattering within the leaf is produced by multiple reflections within and between elementary plates. The input variables of FluorMODleaf are: the number of elementary plates N, also called leaf structure parameter, the total chlorophyll content C_ab, the total carotenoid content C_cx, the equivalent water thickness C_w, and the dry matter content C_m (or leaf mass per area), as in the new PROSPECT-5, plus the σ_II/σ_I ratio referring to the relative absorption cross section of PSI and PSII, and the fluorescence quantum efficiency of PSI and PSII, τ_I and τ_II, that are introduced here as mean fluorescence lifetimes. The model, which considers the reabsorption of emitted light within the leaf, allows good quantitative estimation of both upward and downward apparent spectral fluorescence yield (ASFY) at different excitation wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm. It also emphasizes the role of scattering in fluorescence emission by leaves having high chlorophyll content.     

Improving the SMAC atmospheric correction code by analysis of Meteosat Second Generation NDVI and surface reflectance data

In order to obtain high quality data, the correction of atmospheric perturbations acting upon land surface reflectance measurements recorded by a space-based sensor is an important topic within remote sensing. For many years the Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S) radiative transfer model and the Simplified Method for Atmospheric Correction (SMAC) codes have been used for this atmospheric correction, but previous studies have shown that in a number of situations the quality of correction provided by the SMAC is low. This paper describes a method designed to improve the quality of the SMAC atmospheric correction algorithm through a slight increase in its computational complexity. Data gathered from the SEVIRI aboard Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) is used to validate the additions to SMAC, both by comparison to simulated data corrected using the highly accurate 6S method and by comparison to in-situ and 6S corrected SEVIRI data gathered for two field sites in Africa. The additions to the SMAC are found to greatly increase the quality of atmospheric correction performed, as well as broaden the range of atmospheric conditions under which the SMAC can be applied. When examining the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the relative difference between SMAC and in-situ values decreases by 1.5% with the improvements in place. Similarly, the mean relative difference between SMAC and 6S reflectance values decreases by a mean of 13, 14.5 and 8.5% for Channels 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Furthermore, the processing speed of the SMAC is found to remain largely unaffected, with only a small increase in the time taken to process a full SEVIRI scene. Whilst the method described within this paper is only applicable to SEVIRI data, a similar approach can be applied to other data sources than SEVIRI, and should result in a similar accuracy improvement no matter which instrument supplies the original data.     

一种基于XML的图像存储方法

XML技术广泛应用于数据库和在网络传输。但是XML主要适用于文本数据,所以对于图形数据一般是分开传输的,从而改变了传输的统一性。该文提出了一种图像转换的方法,从而实现了图像在XML中的传输。     

基于IPV6协议的校园网安全探讨

本文通过介绍IPv6的IPSec安全机制,就IPv6在校园网组建中的安全问题展开探讨.采用相互对比和理论分析两种方式相结合,给出IPV6的两种模式组合应用在校园网中的具体实现方法.