H2O和SO2对Mn-Fe/MPS催化剂用于NH3低温还原NO的影响

研究了H2O和SO2对Mn-Fe/MPS催化剂低温下选择性催化NH3还原(SCR)NO的影响. 结果表明,Mn-Fe/MPS催化剂具有良好的催化活性,在空速为20000 h-1、反应温度433 K时,NO的SCR转化率达99.1%. 在反应温度低于413 K时,水蒸汽(10%, j)在一定程度上降低了催化活性;超过433 K时,这种影响可完全消除,NO的SCR转化率达到97.8%以上. 低浓度SO2(100′10-6)存在条件下,443 K时催化效率仍可稳定在97.2%. 在水和SO2共存的情况下,生成的硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐沉积在催化剂表面导致催化剂逐渐失活,FT-IR测试也表明伴随SCR反应生成了硫酸铵. 提高反应温度可以延缓催化剂的失活. 此外还研究了不同活化温度对催化剂活性恢复的影响,结果表明,当活化温度达到773 K时,催化剂活性可以完全恢复. 本研究中的催化剂的综合性能优于目前文献报道的其他催化剂.     

Nanoporous PtRu Alloy Enhanced Nonenzymatic Immunosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Microcystin‐LR

A novel nonenzymatic immunosensor for sensitive detection of Microcystin‐LR (MC‐LR) is constructed using a graphene platform combined with mesoporous PtRu alloy as a label for signal amplification. Primary antibody‐Microcystin‐LR (Ab₁) is immobilized onto the surface of a graphene sheet (GS) through an amidation reaction between the carboxylic acid groups attached to the GS and the available amine groups of Ab₁. Mesoporous PtRu alloy, prepared by corrosion PtRuAl alloys, is employed as a label to immobilize secondary antibody (Ab₂). The resulting nanoparticles, PtRu‐Ab₂, are used as labels for the immunosensor to detect MC‐LR. Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor exhibits a wide linear response to MC‐LR that ranges from 0.01 to 28 ng·mL^?1, with a low detection limit of 9.63 pg·mL^?1 MC‐LR. The proposed immunsensor shows good reproducibility, selectivity, and stability. The assayed results of polluted water with the sandwich‐type sensor are acceptable. Importantly, this methodology may provide a promising ultrasensitive assay strategy for other environmental pollutants.     

Facile Two‐Step Synthesis of All‐Inorganic Perovskite CsPbX3 (X = Cl,Br, and I) Zeolite‐Y Composite Phosphors for Potential Backlight Display Application

Recently developed CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, and I) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) hold great potential for various applications owing to their superior optical properties, such as tunable emissions, high quantum efficiency, and narrow linewidths. However, poor stability under ambient conditions and spontaneous ion exchange among QDs hinder their application, for example, as phosphors in white‐light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs). Here, a facile two‐step synthesis procedure is reported for luminescent and color‐tunable CsPbX₃–zeolite‐Y composite phosphors, where perovskite QDs are encapsulated in the porous zeolite matrix. First zeolite‐Y is infused with Cs⁺ ions by ion exchange from an aqueous solution and then forms CsPbX₃ QDs by diffusion and reaction with an organic solution of PbX₂. The zeolite encapsulation reduces degradation and improves the stability of the QDs under strong illumination. A WLED is fabricated using the resulting microscale composites, with Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE) color coordinates (0.38, 0.37) and achieving 114% of National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) and 85% of the ITU‐R Recommendation BT.2020 (Rec.2020) coverage.     

CdS Quantum Dots Encapsulated in Chiral Nematic Mesoporous Silica: New Iridescent and Luminescent Materials

Simultaneous integration of light emission and iridescence into a semiconducting photonic material is attractive for the design of new optical devices. Here, a straightforward, one‐pot approach for liquid crystal self‐assembly of semiconductor quantum dots into cellulose nanocrystal‐templated silica is developed. Through a careful balance of the intermolecular interactions between a lyotropic tetraalkoxysilane/cellulose nanocrystal dispersion and water‐soluble polyacrylic acid/mercaptopropionic acid‐stabilized CdS quantum dots, CdS/silica/nanocellulose composites that retain both chiral nematic order of the cellulose nanocrystals and emission of the quantum dots are successfully co‐assembled. Subsequent removal of the cellulose template and organic stabilizers in the composites by controlled calcination generates new freestanding iridescent, luminescent chiral nematic mesoporous silica‐encapsulated CdS films. The pores of these materials are accessible to analytes and, consequently, the CdS quantum dots undergo strong luminescence quenching when exposed to TNT solutions or vapor.     

介孔TiO2的制备及其对漂白废水中对氯苯酚的降解研究

以钛酸四丁酯（TBOT）为前驱体,三嵌段共聚物（P123）为模板剂,用溶胶一凝胶法合成了孔径分布均匀的介孔TiO2;用小角X射线衍射（SAXRD）、X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和红外光谱（FT-IR）等分析手段对产物结构和光学性能进行了表征。结果表明：TiO2为介孔结构,在低于400℃煅烧时介孔结构稳定性高,孔径均匀分布,晶型全部为锐钛矿。光催化降解对氯苯酚表明介孔TiO2具有优异的催化性能,在250W紫外灯照射2h后,氯化有机物中的苯环特征峰完全消失,降解率可达95．3％。     

由粉煤灰合成铝硅酸盐介孔材料

以粉煤灰为初始原料,在碱性条件下合成了介孔铝硅酸盐材料.以粉煤灰与Na2CO3摩尔比为1∶0.85配料,混合物料研磨混合10min,在830℃焙烧2.5 h,使铝硅酸盐分解生成水溶性的硅酸盐(硅源)和铝酸盐(铝源),而后与表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵水溶液(含有14.7 g表面活性剂)混合.混合溶胶经105℃晶化72h,再经过滤得到的白色粉末,经550℃焙烧5h后,获得介孔铝硅酸盐材料.所获得的介孔材料的d100为2.16 nm,平均孔径为4.75 nm,孔径分布主要介于0.5～10 nm之间.     

金属掺杂中孔分子筛的合成及其研究

以十二烷二胺(DADD)为模板剂,TEOS为硅源,通过水热合成法制备出了具有高金属含量的中孔分子筛Zr-MSU-V和Nd-MSU-V,采用XRD、TG-DTA和TEM等对合成的分子筛进行了表征.XRD结果表明,即使当Si/Zr或Si/Nd的摩尔比达到5或20时,获得的两种分子筛Zr-MSU-V和Nd-MSU-V均能保持良好的结晶度,TEM图清楚地展示了Zr-MSU-V具有有序的层状结构;TG-DTA的结果显示,903 K焙烧脱除模板剂不会破坏金属嵌入分子筛的结构,说明其具有良好的热稳定性;通过48 h水热处理后的分子筛仍保持其结构有序性,说明其具有优良的水热稳定性.     

酸、碱介质中介孔-微孔钛硅分子筛的合成与表征

采用2步水热合成法合成介孔-微孔钛硅分子筛,第一步合成含微孔钛硅分子筛（TS-1）初级和次级结构单元的导向剂,第二步将导向剂与模板剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵分别在碱、酸介质中进行组装。采用XRD,BET,IR,UV—Vis等分析仪器对所合成的分子筛进行了表征。结果表明,碱介质中合成的分子筛长程有序度较好,其比表面积为1300m^2／g,孔容为1．20cm^3／g,微孔孔容为0．18cm^3／g,在介孔分子筛的孔壁中引入了微孔分子筛TS-1的初级和次级结构单元;酸性介质中合成的分子筛长程有序度较差,其比表面积为1003m^2／g,孔容为0．60cm^3／g,微孔孔容为0．21cm^3／g,分子筛为介孔、微孔钛硅分子筛的混合物。     

碱性条件下介孔二氧化硅的制备

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为模板剂,在不同碱性条件下合成介孔二氧化硅材料,并对它的合成方法、合成因素的影响等方面进行阐述.