电转气地质储能技术的经济性分析

电转气(power-to-gas)是一项将电能转化为高能量密度可燃气体的化学储能技术,该技术与地质储能相结合,有望满足未来大容量储能需求,并成为未来有效储能技术选择之一.电转气地质储能技术中涉及电离制氢、甲烷化、二氧化碳(CO2)地质储存、人工合成甲烷(CH4)地质储存4个阶段.由于电转气地质储能技术发展处于初步阶段,...     

全自热非等压醇烷化净化新工艺替换铜洗净化技改小结

介绍了山东肥城化肥厂利用原有的 10 0 0mm及 80 0mm氨合成装置 ,采用先进的全自热高压醇烷化净化新工艺代替铜洗净化工艺的技术改造及运行情况     

添加稀土氧化物对甲烷化催化剂中镍分散度的影响

本文对稀土氧化物的助剂作用做了进一步研究，对添加１４种稀土氧化物的催化剂进行了活性表面积、ＣＯ吸附ＩＲ谱、表观活化能的测定及ＡＥＳ表面微区分析。结果表明，添加稀土氧化物助剂，提高了镍的分散度，使镍更富集于表面，增加了反应的活性中心数目，反应活化能没有降低，具有结构效应，但不同稀土元素的作用不同。这可能与稀土元素本身的性质有关。     

Steady-state methanation kinetics over a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst

Extensive kinetic data for the methanation reaction over a Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst were obtained in a specially designed gradientless reactor operating at steady state. The reactor pressure was 101.3 kPa, and three temperatures were used, namely, 503, 513 and 523 K. The following three-parameter phenomenological model based on a proposed Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism adequately describes the data: r = L² K₃ K₄^0.5 k₅ P^0.5H₂ Pco/ [1 + K₃ (k₅ / k₆)Pco + K₄^0.5 P^0.5H₂ ]² With dissociative adsorption of hydrogen and hydrogen-assisted dissociation of adsorbed carbon monoxide, the postulated mari is the CH surface group, and the rds is the hydrogenation of the surface CH group.     

沉淀型Ni-La_2O_3/ZrO_2催化剂上CO_2甲烷化性能的研究

采用并流共沉淀法将不同量的稀土氧化物La2O3添加到Ni/ZrO2催化剂中,进行了XRD、TPR分析测试。结果表明,添加一定量的La2O3使催化剂的晶体结构发生变化,产生了新的物种,从而使催化剂表面改性,提高了NiO的分散度,有利于活性中心的形成,并且降低了催化剂的还原温度,当n(La)∶n(Ni)∶n(ZrO2)=0 4∶1∶1时效果最好;考察了反应温度和空速对CO2转化率的影响,在反应温度较低时,由于受到反应动力学的限制,CO2的转化率较低。     

钠作助剂的Ni／Al_2O_3上的CO_2加氢反应

用稳定态活性测试法研究了一系列不同载钠量Ｎｉ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化剂上的ＣＯ_２加氢甲烷化行为，并对它们进行了ＸＲＤ和程序升温还原表征。实验结果表明，在所用钠量范围内，于Ｎｉ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３上的ＣＯ_２加氢生成甲烷的活性随Ｎａ加入量的改变而变化，这与催化剂上Ｎｉ物种的分配有关，６７３Ｋ附近还原出的Ｎｉ物种可能是良好的ＣＯ_２加氢甲烷化活性中心。Ｎａ助剂的作用主要是改变Ｎｉ物种的分配。通过Ｎａ助剂的加入，可获得在化学剂量ＣＯ_２／Ｈ_２比下使ＣＯ_２几乎完全转化为甲烷的低镍催化剂。     

二氧化碳催化加氢甲烷化研究进展

介绍了二氧化碳催化加氢甲烷化催化机理研究进展,综述了催化剂、载体、助剂及担载量等对催化性能的影响机理。     

脱除合成气中微量CO的方法探讨

介绍了脱除合成气中微量CO的常用方法。通过对低温甲醇洗串甲烷化工艺和液氮洗工艺的比较,说明大型合成氨装置采用液氮洗脱除微量CO具有一定的优势。     

W-doped ordered mesoporous Ni–Al2O3 catalyst for methanation of carbon monoxide

In order to simultaneously inhibit the Ni sintering and coke formation as well as investigate the effects of WO₃ promoter on catalytic performance, the ordered mesoporous Ni–WO₃/Al₂O₃ catalysts were synthesized by a facile one-pot evaporation-induced self-assembly method for CO methanation reaction to produce synthetic natural gas. Addition of WO₃ species could significantly promote the catalytic activity due to the enhancement of the Ni reducibility and the increase of active centers, and the optimal N10W5/OMA catalyst with NiO of 10 wt% and WO₃ of 5 wt% achieved the maximum CH₄ yield 80% at 425 °C, 0.1 MPa and a weight hourly space velocity of 60000 mL g⁻¹ h⁻¹. Besides, the reference catalyst N10W5/OMA-Im prepared by the conventional co-impregnation method was also evaluated. Compared with N10W5/OMA, N10W5/OMA-Im showed lower catalytic activity due to the partial block of channels by Ni and WO₃ nanoparticles, which reduced active centers and restrict the mass transfer during the reaction. In addition, the N10W5/OMA catalyst showed superior anti-sintering and anti-coking properties in a 425^oC-100 h-lifetime test, mainly because of confinement effect of ordered mesoporous structure to anchor the Ni particle in the alumina matrix.     

Entrapping Ru nanoparticles into TiO2 nanotube: Insight into the confinement synergy on boosting pho-thermal CO2 methanation activity

CO₂ methanation is a significant route to decrease carbon emission as well as realize carbon neutrality and has gained considerable concerns from experts in the environment and energy field currently. Herein, highly dispersed ruthenium nanoparticles entrapped in TiO₂ nanotubes, labeled as Ru-in/TNT, were constructed and adopted for photo-thermal driven CO₂ methanation. The Ru nanoparticles confined in the nanotube exhibited an enhanced CO₂ methanation activity, especially under light irradiation. Multiple characterization techniques (XRD, XPS, UV–vis DRS, HRTEM, Raman, etc.) were conducted to reveal the effect of confinement synergy on photo-thermal catalytic performance. A boosted photo-generated electron-hole separation efficiency is achieved as a result of the confinement effect, yielding more hot electrons to accelerate methanation activity. This photo-assisted confinement synergy can be expected for constructing an efficient photo-thermal catalytic system.