Sparse least mean mixed‐norm adaptive filtering algorithms for sparse channel estimation applications

Sparse least‐mean mixed‐norm (LMMN) algorithms are developed to improve the estimation performance for sparse channel estimation applications. Both the benefits of the least mean fourth and least mean square algorithms are utilized to exploit a type of sparse LMMN algorithms. The proposed sparse‐aware LMMN algorithms are implemented by integrating an l ₁‐norm or log‐sum function into the cost function of traditional LMMN algorithm so that they can exploit the sparse properties of the broadband multi‐path channel and achieve better channel estimation performance. The proposed sparse LMMN algorithms are equal to adding an amazing zero‐attractor in the update equation of the traditional LMMN algorithm, which aim to speed up the convergence. The channel estimation performance of the proposed sparse LMMN algorithms are evaluated over a sparse broadband multi‐path channel to verify their effectiveness. Simulation results depict that the sparse LMMN algorithms are superior to the previously reported sparse‐aware least mean square/fourth, least mean fourth and least mean square and their corresponding sparse‐aware algorithms in terms of both the convergence and steady‐state behavior when the broadband multi‐path channel is sparse. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Defect Engineering of MOF-Based Membrane for Gas Separation

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile materials that have been identified as promising candidates for membrane-based gas separation applications due to their uniformly narrow pore windows and virtually unlimited structural and chemical features. Defect engineering of MOFs has opened new opportunities for manipulating MOF structures, providing a simple yet efficient approach for enhancing membrane separation. However, the utilization of this strategy to tailor membrane microstructures and enhance separation performance is still in its infancy. Thus, this summary aims to provide a guideline for tailoring defective MOF-based membranes. Recent developments in defect engineering of MOF-based membranes will be discussed, including the synthesis strategies for defective MOFs, the effects of defects on the gas adsorption properties, gas transport mechanisms, and recently reported defective MOF-based membranes. Furthermore, the emerging challenges and future prospects will be outlined. Overall, defect engineering offers an exciting opportunity to improve the performance of MOF-based gas membranes. However, there is still a long way to go to fully understand the influence of defects on MOF properties and optimize the design of MOF-based membranes for specific gas separation applications. Nonetheless, continued research in this field holds great promise for the development of next-generation membrane-based gas separation technologies.     

基于THz反射光谱的混合炸药中DNMT含量分析

为了快速地求解混合炸药中DNMT的含量,设计 了一种基于反射型太赫兹(THz)光谱分析的检 测系统。系统采用步进电机控制动镜获得大光程扫描范围,将照射在被测粉末上的回波 漫反射光和本振光信号做相干处理,从而得到反射吸收光谱数据,由此反演被测粉末中DNMT 的含量。推导DNMT含量求解表达式,给出提高反射式DNMT含量检测稳定性的滤波算法 及提取要求。实验采用TeraTune型THz激光器配合DSTMS-1型THz探测器完成数据采集, 对多组已知DNMT含量的混合样品进行测试,测试结果与TeraSys 4000 型THz光谱分析仪作 对比。实验结果显示,两种方法均可快速获取样品中DNMT含量,并且测量误低于3. 0%。在 采用本系统的光谱预处理方法后,在样品混合物种类增多的条件下仍具有较好的测试效果, 具有较高的抗干扰能力。     

Metal Organic Framework Crystals in Mixed‐Matrix Membranes: Impact of the Filler Morphology on the Gas Separation Performance

Mixed‐matrix membranes comprising NH₂‐MIL‐53(Al) and Matrimid or 6FDA‐DAM have been investigated. The metal organic framework (MOF) loading has been varied between 5 and 20 wt%, while NH₂‐MIL‐53(Al) with three different morphologies, nanoparticles, nanorods, and microneedles has been dispersed in Matrimid. The synthesized membranes have been tested in the separation of CO₂ from CH₄ in an equimolar mixture. At 3 bar and 298 K for 8 wt% MOF loading, incorporation of NH₂‐MIL‐53(Al) nanoparticles leads to the largest improvement compared to nanorods and microneedles. The incorporation of the best performing filler, i.e., NH₂‐MIL‐53(Al) nanoparticles, into the highly permeable 6FDA‐DAM has a larger effect, and the CO₂ permeability increases up to 85% with slightly lower selectivities for 20 wt% MOF loading. Specifically, these membranes have a permeability of 660 Barrer with a CO₂/CH₄ separation factor of 28, leading to a performance very close to the Robeson limit of 2008. Furthermore, a new non‐destructive technique based on Raman spectroscopy mapping is introduced to assess the homogeneity of the filler dispersion in the polymer matrix. The MOF contribution can be calculated by modeling the spectra. The determined homogeneity of the MOF filler distribution in the polymer is confirmed by focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy analysis.     

A Low‐Complexity 128‐Point Mixed‐Radix FFT Processor for MB‐OFDM UWB Systems

In this paper, we present a fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor with four parallel data paths for multiband orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing ultra‐wideband systems. The proposed 128‐point FFT processor employs both a modified radix‐2⁴ algorithm and a radix‐2³ algorithm to significantly reduce the numbers of complex constant multipliers and complex booth multipliers. It also employs substructure‐sharing multiplication units instead of constant multipliers to efficiently conduct multiplication operations with only addition and shift operations. The proposed FFT processor is implemented and tested using 0.18 µm CMOS technology with a supply voltage of 1.8 V. The hardware‐ efficient 128‐point FFT processor with four data streams can support a data processing rate of up to 1 Gsample/s while consuming 112 mW. The implementation results show that the proposed 128‐point mixed‐radix FFT architecture significantly reduces the hardware cost and power consumption in comparison to existing 128‐point FFT architectures.     

星载AIS混合信号的混叠位置估计

针对AIS混合信号的混合位置估计问题,改进了 传统双窗检测法。混合 信号混合部位和未混合部位在幅度和频率上存在明显差异,通过混合部分与未混 合部分到达窗内的能量比值来估计重叠段与未重叠段的始末位置,对传统估计信 号起始位置的判决函数进行了改进,估计精度更高。仿真表明,相较于传统双窗 检测法,本文能够准确估计出混合信号的重叠始末位置。     

军工电子元器件混装工艺的应用研究

在国内外"绿色制造"的要求下,电子产品无铅化的推行愈演愈烈,诸多行业基本实现电子产品的无铅化。但是军工、航天以及医疗等领域基于高度可靠性的要求,仍然采用了有铅制程下的电子装联技术,而无铅元器件的广泛覆盖,使得实际生产过程中出现有铅元器件、无铅元器件混装的现象,本文将针对混装工艺的可靠性展开分析,并针对相关问题制定解决措施。     

一种新的数模混合型解扩方法

针对QPSK调制的WCDMA扩频信号提出了一种新的数摸混合型解扩方法。实验表明这种数模混合型解扩方法可以实现QPSK调制的WCDMA扩频信号的解扩功能。与全数字解扩方法相比,该方法无需A/D转换器和正交变换器,具有电路结构简单的特点,而且由于直接在模拟域计算,因此具有模拟运算电路功耗低、高速等优点,同时由于模拟电路受数字电路控制,该方法又具有数字电路灵活,稳定等优点。     

基于MREI模型混晶光学声子频率计算理论的改进

在随机元素等位移（MREI）模型的基础上,进一步改进了模型。在计算多元混晶声子频率时,对不同模式采用了不同的次近邻常数,并且推算了近邻常数与组分x呈负幂指数变化的规律,从而不使用任何调节参数计算了几种AB1-xCx混晶的声子频率对组分x的依赖关系。理论结果和实验数据两者符合较好,对今后的实验给出了一定程度的指导。     

太阳能半导体空调蓄冷介质的研究

根据太阳能半导体制冷特点,给出了带储能装置并能进行能量匹配数控的制冷与蓄冷并重、热电制冷装置模块化的太阳能半导体制冷空调系统。在研究较成熟的常温送风空调蓄冷技术和蓄冷材料的基础上,采用示差扫描量热法(DSC法)对KCL共晶盐的相变温度、相变潜热进行实验测试。研究结果表明,KCL共晶盐可作为低温送风空调蓄冷介质,既弥补了太阳能半导体制冷间歇不连续的缺点,又使蓄冷技术能在医药、食品等行业对环境温度有特殊要求(送风温度低于0℃)的场所得到应用,并可扩大到小型移动便携制冷器蓄冷技术应用范围。